WATER INSULATION MATERIALS

FOUNDATION WATER INSULATION

• Waterproofing an existing basement begins with excavating to the bottom sides of the footings. Once
excavated, the walls are then power washed and allowed to dry. The dry walls are sealed with a waterproofing
membrane and new drainage tiles (weeping tiles) are placed at the side of the footing.
 FOUNDATION WATER INSULATION

• Install a drainage mat with molded dimples. The material used needs to create
air gaps between the wall and itself so that moisture can travel to the drain
structure. The drainage mat should be cut to the exact depth of the foundation.
It can also help ease lateral pressure against the foundation.
 ROOF WATER INSULATION

• A rain gutter, eavestrough, eaves-shoot or surface water collection

channel is a component of a water discharge system for a building. It is
necessary to prevent water dripping or flowing off roofs in an uncontrolled
manner for several reasons:
• to prevent it damaging the walls, drenching persons standing below or entering
the building, and to direct the water to a suitable disposal site where it will not
damage the foundations of the building. In the case of a flat roof, removal of
water is essential to prevent water ingress and to prevent a build-up of
excessive weight.
 INTEGRAL WATER INSULATION
MATERIALS

• The aim of integral waterproofing is to densify the concrete to prevent water

ingress and/or convert wettable capillaries to non-wettable types that would
eventually lower the penetration of water into the system.
• Waterproofing admixtures belong to a class of admixtures that improve
concrete durability by controlling water and moisture movement and by
reducing permeability and hence chloride ingress. 
 INTEGRAL WATER INSULATION
MATERIALS

• Integral waterproofing additives are easy to use, either in the concrete batching
plant or in a transit mixer at site. These materials should be added to the
concrete after all other components of the mix have been added. Concrete
should be mixed for at least a minute after addition of integral waterproofing
additives.
• The amount is generally at 0.5 to 2.0% by weight of cement or as per
manufacturer’s recommendations. Complete dispersion of the material should
be ensured prior to placing. Concrete placement should be followed by proper
finishing, compaction and curing practices to get the best benefits.
• Latex, some soaps are used for the integral water insulation materials.
 LIQUID WATERPROOFING
MEMBRANE

• The liquid waterproofing membrane is a thin coating, usually consisting of a

primer coat and two coats of top coat applied by spray, roller or trowel. It offers
more flexibility than cement based waterproofing types. Therefore, it is used
more intensely nowadays.
• The liquid waterproofing membrane may be a spray-applied liquid membrane
composed of polymer modified asphalt. Different degrees of acrylic, hybrid or
polyurethane liquid membranes for trowel, roller or spray are also available
from various manufacturers.
 LIQUID WATERPROOFING
MEMBRANE

Liquid applied waterproofing offers many advantages, including:

• Ease of application — Liquid waterproofing can often be applied quickly.
These advantages become even more pronounced when waterproofing complex
spaces or spaces with lots of detailing, since it’s easier to waterproof pipes and
other penetrations with liquid than it is by cutting and placing sheet
membranes.
 LIQUID WATERPROOFING
MEMBRANE

• Seamless — Liquid applied waterproofing cures to form one solid membrane,

so there are no seams or joints, which are the most common areas where
waterproofing tends to fail.
• Flexibility — The best performing liquid waterproofing systems have the
flexibility to expand and contract as the temperature changes, and adapt to
minor structural movements. This way, the waterproofing continues to perform,
even when exposed to extreme weather and/or when small concrete cracks
occur in the underlying structure.
 LIQUID WATERPROOFING
MEMBRANE

Bitumen Emulsions and Solutions

• In these systems either blown (oxidized) or unblown bitumen is supplied as
water based emulsions or solvent based solutions. Water based products are
normally applied in appropriate weather conditions.
• The products are designed for application by brushing or spraying. The systems
may also require primers, reinforcements and solar reflective or protective
finishes.
 LIQUID WATERPROOFING
MEMBRANE

Polymer Modified Bitumen Emulsions and Solutions

• In these systems bitumen is modified with suitable polymers or co-polymers in
order to enhance durability, flexibility and elasticity to the dried coating. These
products can be supplied as water based emulsions or solvent based solutions.
Water based products are normally applied in appropriate weather conditions.
• The products are designed for application by brushing or spraying or may be
suitable for spreading. The systems may also require primers, reinforcements
and solar reflective or protective finishes.
 LIQUID WATERPROOFING
MEMBRANE

Cement Based Liquid Waterproofing Material

• Cement and acrylic based, super elastic, two component, resistant to positive and negative water pressure waterproofing
material

Features and Benefits

• Resistant to negative and positive water pressure.
• Elastic, does not shrink and crack.
• Provides highly performing water isolation.
 LIQUID WATERPROOFING
MEMBRANE

• Highly resistant to carbon dioxide and chlorine ions.

• High water vapour permeability allows the concrete to breathe.
• Covers cracks up to 0.60 mm when applied as 2 mm thick and up to 1.20 mm
when reinforced with waterproofing fiber mesh.
• Not affected temperature changing after curing.
• Provides seamless water isolation without joints.
• Can be used safely in drinking water tanks.
 LIQUID WATERPROOFING
MEMBRANE

Fields of Application
• Indoor and outdoor for horizontal and vertical applications,
• Groundwork isolation, retaining walls and basement isolation subject to slight vibrance,
• Elevator pits,
• Water tanks and swimming pools (under the coverage),
• Isolation of terrace roofs (under the coverage),
• Irrigation channels, manholes, concrete pipes,
• Wet areas such as bathroom, kitchen, balcony,
• Facilities such as spa and hamams,
• To protect concrete from water, carbonation and salts.
 LIQUID WATERPROOFING
MEMBRANE

Polyurethanes
• Polyurethanes may be single or two component, aliphatic or aromatic and
cure/dry by reaction, or moisture trigger from latent hardeners, or by moisture
cure from the air – possibly some of these in combination. They are formulated
to give good fire performance and are highly resistant to UV light with
aliphatic based product having better colour fastness.
 LIQUID WATERPROOFING
MEMBRANE

Polyurea Systems
• Polyurea Liquid Applied Waterproofing Systems are chemically similar to
polyurethanes but have key chemical differences that can result in quite different
application characteristics and physical properties.
• Due to the typically high tensile strength and elongation of polyurea they are
usually applied in one coat. Polyurea LAWS are typically very fast cure, durable,
damage resistant and have good long-term resistance to UV light and infrared
radiation.
 LIQUID WATERPROOFING
MEMBRANE

Acrylic Polymer Resins:

• The acrylic polymer is the key determinant of crucial coating properties like
water resistance, impact and tear strength, flexibility, adhesion to a given
substrate, and overall durability.
• Acrylic polymers, however, are totally transparent to UV rays, so they function
as durable binders and have proven superior adhesion properties.
 LIQUID WATERPROOFING
MEMBRANE

Hybride Liquid Membranes

• Elastomeric, waterborne, liquid waterproofing membrane based on acrylic and
polyurethane resins. Forms a seamless and jointless white membrane of high
elasticity and durability. Highly resistant to ponding water, weather conditions,
UV radiation and especially to very low temperatures.
 MEMBRANE WATERPROOFING
MATERIAL

• A waterproofing membrane is a thin layer of water-tight material that is laid

over a surface. This layer is continuous and does not allow water to pass
through it. For example, on a flat terrace, a waterproofing membrane could be
laid above the structural slab and below the finish tiles. The tiles and
membrane must be laid over a filler material that is sloped to ensure that water
flows into sumps and drains.
 MEMBRANE WATERPROOFING
MATERIAL

• These membranes are composed of thin layers of waterproof material. Most are
about 2 to 4mm thick.
• Ideally, a waterproofing membrane should be strong, flexible, tear-resistant and
elastic so that it can stretch to cover cracks and also move with the building. If
the membrane is to be exposed to the sun, then it should be UV stable. The
membrane should be flexible enough to take any shape it is laid over, and be
capable of turning up and over walls and other construction features.
 MEMBRANE WATERPROOFING
MATERIAL

Bituminous Waterproofing Membranes

• Bitumen based waterproofing membrane is produced with a mixture obtained
by modifying high quality bitumen with plastomeric and elastomeric polymer
additives. As the endurance of bitumen against low and high temperatures is
increased by means of modification with polymeric additives, it can be
conveniently applied in hot or cold ambiances. The modified bitumen is
engrained in glass tissue or polyester felt.
• Generally speaking, bitumen based waterproofing membranes are used for
waterproofing of underground concrete surfaces, supporting walls, terraces,
concrete roofs, wet floors, highway viaducts.
 MEMBRANE WATERPROOFING
MATERIAL

PVC waterproofing membrane 

• It is a modern roofing material, which is made of high quality flexible
(plasticized) polyvinylchloride.
• Depending on the application area there are reinforced and unreinforced
membranes. Reinforced waterproofing membrane has a reinforcing base in the
form of polyester mesh or glass fiber and it is used for waterproofing of roofs.
Reinforced membranes have increased durability. Unreinforced membranes are
more flexible, have high tear resistance and are used for waterproofing of
underground structures, tunnels, swimming pools.
 MEMBRANE WATERPROOFING
MATERIAL

• Due to its structure, the PVC membrane is very strong and simultaneously
flexible material which is resistant to precipitation, ultra-violet radiation,
capable to withstand heavy surface and tensile loads.
 MEMBRANE WATERPROOFING
MATERIAL

• For waterproofing of structures with PVC membrane special hot air welding
machine and building dryers are used. Welding is carried out by hot air using
automatic equipment which optimizes the temperature, speed and pressing
force.
• The average service life of PVC membrane is 30 years, depending on the
manufacturer and the quality of installation. Mounting of the PVC
waterproofing is carried out in a single layer, which has a positive effect on the
cost of the work.
• Another advantage of the PVC membrane is that the installation can be
performed in wet and frosty weather.
 MEMBRANE WATERPROOFING
MATERIAL

• Bentonite is a type of clay having the unusual characteristics of cohesion,

binding, sealing, and thickening.
• When bentonite is installed below grade as a waterproofing membrane, it
becomes hydrated with the moisture that is naturally present in the soil and
forms an impermeable barrier that absorbs and expels water and most
chemicals, such as acids and salts (sodium bentonite).
 MEMBRANE WATERPROOFING
MATERIAL

• Bentonite can expand and contract an infinite number of times and is capable of absorbing
seven to 10 times its own weight in water, swelling up to 18 times its dry volume.
• Bentonite can be used under structural or non-structural concrete floor slabs,
• On below-grade foundation walls,
• Between slab applications,
• Under slab applications,
• For zero property line construction, and
• Along tunnels and subway walls. 
• For deep foundations
 MEMBRANE WATERPROOFING
MATERIAL

• Geotextile bentonite waterproofing sheets consisting of bentonite clay

granules between two layers of geotextile polypropylene fabric, one woven and
one nonwoven, needle punched and heat fused together. This type of bentonite
waterproofing is used for below-grade slabs and vertical walls and as a
blindside waterproofing membrane.
 DILATATION AND JOINT
WATERPROOFING

• Waterproofing of Dilatations and Moveable Joints 

• The products used in waterproofing of building dilatations and movable joints
are special ones resistant to permanent elastic and mechanical force. In addition
to elasticity, UV resistance, mechanical resistance and easy repairability, such
features as suitability for drinking water and constant water contact are also
sought in the products used. 
 VAPOR BARRIER

• A vapor barrier (or vapour barrier) is any material used for damp proofing,

typically a plastic or foil sheet, that resists diffusion of moisture through the
wall, floor, ceiling, or roof assemblies of buildings to prevent interstitial
condensation and of pacakging. Technically, many of these materials are
only vapor retarders as they have varying degrees of permeability.