CLOUD COMPUTING

INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS CLOUD?
• Everyone is talking about “the cloud”. But what does it mean?
• Nowadays Business applications are moving to the cloud.
Looking ahead, the next decade of cloud computing promises
new ways to collaborate everywhere, through mobile devices.
• Traditional business applications have been very complicated
and expensive. The amount and variety of hardware and
software required to run them are difficult. You need a whole
team of experts to install, configure, test, run, secure, and
update them.
Continuation……..
• Cloud-based apps can be up and running in days or weeks, and they
cost less. With a cloud app, you just open a browser, log in,
customise the app, and start using it.
• Businesses are running all kinds of apps in the cloud, like Customer
Relationship Management (CRM), Human Resource (HR), Accounting
and much more. Some of the world’s largest companies moved their
applications to the cloud with salesforce.com.
• As cloud computing grows in popularity, thousands of companies are
simply rebranding their non-cloud products and services as “cloud
computing”.
What is CLOUD COMPUTING?
• If you’re unsure about what Cloud Computing is, you are probably
among the 95% of people that are already using cloud services, like
online banking and social networks, but don’t realize it.
• The “cloud computing” is a set of different types of hardware and
software that work collectively to deliver many aspects of computing to
the end-user as an online services.
• The cloud is not “a fad”. There are currently 2.1 billion people using
Facebook worldwide.
• Cloud computing offers platform independency, as the software is not
required to be installed locally on the PC. User just need mobile, tablet
and internet to use any software directly from Cloud.
CLOUD COMPUTING HISTORY
• Before emerging the cloud computing, there was Client/Server computing
which is basically a centralised storage in which al the software
applications, all the data and all the controls are resided on the server side.
• If a single user wants to access specific data or run a program, he/she
needs to connect to the server and then gain appropriate access, and then
he/she can do his/her own business.
• Then after, distributed computing came into picture, where al the
computers are networked together and share their resources when
needed.
• On the basis of above computing, there was emerged of cloud computing
concepts that later implemented.
Continuation….
• At around in 1961, John MacCharty suggested in a speech at MIT that
computing can be sold like a utility, just like a water or electricity. It
was a brilliant idea, but like all brilliant ideas, it was ahead if its time,
as for the next few decades, despite interest in the model, the
technology simply was not ready for it.
• But of course time ahs passed and the technology caught that idea
and after few years we mentioned that:
• In 1999, Salesforce.com started delivering of applications to users
using a simple website. The applications were delivered to
enterprises over the internet, and this way the dream of computing
sold as utility were true.
Continuation…………
• In 2002, Amazon started Amazon Web Services, (AWS),providing
services like storage, computation and even human intelligence.
• In 2009, Google Apps also started to provide cloud computing
enterprise applications.
• Of course, all the big players are present in the cloud computing
evolution, some were earlier, some were later. In 2009,
Microsoft launched Windows Azure, and companies like Oracle
and HP have all joined the game. This proves that today, cloud
computing has become mainstream.
CLOUD COMPUTING CHARACTERISTICS

• High availability and reliability:

 Availability of servers is high and more reliable, because chances of
infrastructure failure are minimal.
 High Scalability:
 Means “on-demand” provisioning of resources on a large scale,
without having engineers for peak loads.
 Multi-Sharing:
 With the help of cloud computing, multiple users and applications can
work more efficiently with cost reductions by sharing common
infrastructure.
Continuation…….
• Device and Location Independence:

 Cloud computing enables the users to access systems using a web browser regardless of their

location or what device they use e.g PC, mobile phone etc. as infrastructure provided by a third-

party and accessed via the internet, users can connect from anywhere.

 Maintenance:

 Maintenance of cloud computing applications is easier, since they do not need to be installed on

each user’s computer and can be accessed from different places. So, it reduces the cost also.

 Low cost:

 By using cloud computing, the cost will be reduced because to take the services of cloud computing,

IT company need not to set its own infrastructure and pay-as-per usage of resources.

 Services in pay-per-use mode:

 Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) are provided to the users so that they can access services

on the cloud by using these APIs and pay the charges as per the usage of services.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
OF
CLOUD COMPUTING
 ADVANTAGES OF CLOUD COMPUTING
 Lower cost computer for users:
In cloud, you don’t require a high-powered (and accordingly hig-priced) computer to run cloud computing’s web based
applications because applications run on cloud not on desktop PC or laptop.
• Lower IT infrastructure cost:
By using cloud computing, you need to invest in larger numbers of more powerful servers, you also need not to require the IT
staff for handling such powerful servers.
 Fewer maintenance cost:
The maintenance cost in cloud computing greatly reduces both hardware and software maintenance for organisations of all
sizes.
• Lower software cost:
It reduces the software cost because you don’t need to purchase separate software packages for each computer in the
organisation.
 Instant software updates:
Another software-related advantage in cloud computing is that users don’t need toface with the choice between obsolete
software and high upgrade costs. If the app is web-based, updates happen automatically and are available next time when the
user logs in to the cloud.
 Increased computing power:
The execution capacity of cloud servers are very high. It processes the application very fast.
• Unlimited storage capacity:
Cloud offers you a huge amount of storage capacity like 2000 GB or more than that if required.
DISADVANTAGES OF CLOUD
COMPUTING
• Require a constant Internet Connection
 Cloud computing is impossible without Internet connection. To access
any applications and documents you need a constant Internet
connection. Require High Speed Internet Connection.
 Similarly, a low-speed Internet connection makes cloud computing
painful at best and often impossible. Web based apps often require a
lot of bandwidth to download, as need to download large documents.
• Stored Data Might Not be Secure
 With cloud computing, all your data is stored in the cloud. That’s all
well and good, but how secure is the cloud? Cant unauthorized users
gain access to your confidential data?
QUESTIONS
AND
ANSWERS
 END
OF
DAY ONE
CLOUD COMPUTING ARCHITECTURE

• There are 4 Cloud Deployment model:

 Public Cloud

 Private Cloud
 Hybrid Cloud
 Community Cloud
PUBLIC CLOUD
• Public Cloud allows systems and services to be easily
accessible to general public. The IT company like Google,
Amazon and Microsoft offers Cloud Services via internet.
Here you can see this is Public cloud with some services:

Computer services

Platform services

Storage services Administrator

Messaging service

Application services
Advantages and Disadvantages of Public
Cloud
Advantages Disadvantages
• Location independence • Low security
• Cost effective (same • Less customizable
resource to multiple
users)
• Flexibility (smoothly
integrate with private
cloud)
• High scalability
• Reliability
• Pay-per-use
 PRIVATE CLOUD
• Private cloud allows systems and services to be accessible
within and organization. The private cloud is operated only
within a single organization.
• A private cloud is a particular model of cloud computing that
involves a distinct and secure cloud based environment in
which only the specified client can operate.
• As with other cloud models, private clouds will provide
computing power as a service within a virtualized environment
using an underlying pool of physical computing resource.
• The cloud is only accessible by a single organization providing
that organization with greater control and privacy.
 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF
PRIVATE CLOUD
• ADVANTAGES • DISADVANTAGES

 Enhanced security and privacy High priced

(not available to general public) Platform scaling
 Improved reliability
Additional skills
 Improved performance
 Increased flexibility
 Total control
HYBRID CLOUD MODEL

• The hybrid cloud is the mixture of public and private cloud. Non-
critical activities are performed by public cloud while critical
activities are performed by private cloud.

Private /
Internal
HYBRID Public/
external
The cloud
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF
HYBRID CLOUD
• ADVANTAGES • DISADVANTAGES

 Scalable (provide public &private) • Networking issues (presence of

 Flexible and secure private & public cloud)

• Security policy
 Cost effective
COMMUNITY CLOUD

• Community cloud allows system and services to be accessible by

group of organizations. It shares the infrastructure between several
organizations from a specific community. It may be managed
internally by organizations or by the third-party.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF
COMMUNITY CLOUD
• ADVANTAGES • DISADVANTAGES

• Cost effective • Might be excisable to other

• Sharing among organizations
• Security
QUESTIONS
AND
ANSWERS
END
OF
DAY 2
Cloud service model
• There are majorly three cloud service models:

 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

 Platform as a Service (PaaS)

 Software as a Service (SaaS)

 Infrastructure as a Service
(IaaS)
• IaaS is one of the layers of cloud computing platform wherein
the customer organization outsources its IT infrastructure such
as servers, networking, processing, storage, virtual machines
and other resources. Customers access these resources over
the Internet i.e cloud computing platforms, on a pay-per-use
model. IaaS, earlier called Hardware as a Services (HaaS).
• IT infrastructure was rented out for a specific period of time,
with pre-hardware configuration. The client paid for the
configuration and time.
• IaaS is offered in three models public, private and hybrid
cloud.
Top vendors who are providing
IaaS
• Amazon AWS
• Google Compute Engine
• Windows Azure
• HP enterprise
• IBM
• Rackspace Cyber Cloud
Advantages of IaaS Cloud
Computing
• You can dynamically choose a CPU, memory and storage
configuration as per your needs.
• You easily access the vast computing power available on IaaS
cloud platform.
• You can eliminate the need of investment used in IT hardware.
• IT infrastructure will be handled by the IaaS cloud computing
platform vendors.
Disadvantages of IaaS Cloud
Computing
• Iaas cloud computing platform model is dependent on internet
availability.
• It is also dependent on the availability of virtualization
services.
• IaaS cloud computing platform can limit the user privacy and
customization options.
Platform as a Services (PaaS)
• PaaS cloud computing platform is a developer programming
platform which is created for the programmer to develop, test,
run and manage the applications.
• Instead of ready made applications or services, PaaS provides
the platform for developing such applications and services.
• No need to manage backups. This is handled by the Cloud
Provider.
• A developer is able to write the application as well as deploy it
directly into the layer easily.
• All the infrastructure to run the applications will be over the
internet.
Top vendors who are providing
PaaS
• Google Apps Engine (GAE)
• Salesforce.com
• Windows Azure
• Appfog
• Openshift
• IBM Blue Mix
• AWS
Advantages of PaaS Cloud
Computing Layer
• Simplified development: Developers can focus on
development and innovation without worrying about the
infrastructure.
• Lower price: no requirements of up-front investment in
hardware and software. Developers only need a PC and an
internet connection so start building applications.
• Instant Community: PaaS vendors frequently provides online
communities where developer can get the ideas, share
experiences and seek advice from others.
• Scalability: applications deployed can scale from one to
thousands of uses without any change to the applications.
Disadvantages of PaaS Cloud
Computing Layer
• Vendor lock-in: one have to write the applications according to
the platform provided by PaaS vendor so migration of an
application to another PaaS vendor would be a problem.
• Data Privacy: corporate data, whether it can be critical or not,
that should be private so if it is not located within the walls of
the company there can be a risk in terms of privacy of data.
• Integration with the rest of the systems applications: it may
happen that some applications are local and some are in
cloud. So there will be chances of increased complexity when
we want to use data which in the cloud with the local data.
Software as a Serivices (SaaS)
• Software as a Service (SaaS) is a way of delivering applications
over the internet-as a service. Instead of installing and
maintaining software, you simply access it via internet, you
can free yourself from complex software and hardware
management. SaaS is one of three main category of cloud
computing services.
• SaaS remove the need for client to install and run the
application on their own computer or laptop. This eliminates
the expense of hardware and maintenance as well as software
licensing, installation and support.
Characteristics of SaaS
• SaaS makes the software available on the internet.
• The software applications are maintained by the vendor.
• The license to the software may be subscription based or
usage based.
• SaaS applications are cost-effective since they do not require
any maintenance at user side.
• They are available on demand.
• They can be scaled up or down on demand
• They are automatically upgraded and updated.
• All users run the same version of the software.
Advantages of SaaS
• Flexible payments: rather than purchasing software to install
or additional hardware to support it, customers subscribe to a
SaaS offering. Generally, they pay for the service on a monthly
basis using a pay-as-you go model.
• Efficient use of software license: the customer can have single
license for multiple computers running at different locations
which reduces the licensing cost. And, there is no requirement
for license servers because the software runs in the providers
infrastructure.
• Scalable usage: cloud services like SaaS offer high scalability,
which gives customers the option to access more or fewer,
services or feature on-demand.
Continuation……..
• Automatic updates: rather than purchasing new software
customers can rely on SaaS provider to automatically perform
updates and patch management. This further reduces the
burden on the IT staff.
• Accessibility and persistence: since SaaS applications are
delivered over the internet, users can access there's from any
internet enabled service and location.
• Platform responsibilities managed by providers: all platform
responsibilities such as backups, system maintenance,
security, hardware refresh, power management etc. are
performed by the cloud provider. The customer does not need
to bother about them.
Disadvantages of SaaS
• Browser based risk: if the customer visits malicious website so
browser becomes infected, and with that its chance to lose
customer data. To avoid suck risks, the customer can use
multiple browsers and dedicate a specific browser to access
SaaS applications or can use virtual desktop while accessing
the SaaS applications.
• Network dependence: the SaaS application can be delivered
only when network is continuously available.
Basic Demo of Cloud Service
Model
• This topic will be treated when we have access to internet
Cloud Computing Security
• Security in cloud computing is a major concern. Data in cloud
should be shared in encrypted form.
• Cloud computing security or more simply cloud security refers
to a broad set of policies, technologies, and controls deployed
to protect data, applications and the associated infrastructure
of cloud computing it is a sub-domain of computer security,
network security, and more broadly information security
• In a cloud computing there have a data center where clients
data are stored, and that data have a backup also, so in cse if
there any earthquake or natural disasters than clients data are
stored in other data center.
• If 1 data center in India than another backup data center in
USA.
Security Associated with the
cloud