HISTORY OF

MICROPROCESSORS

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CONTENTS

 Introduction
 4-Bit Microprocessors
 8-Bit Microprocessors
 16-Bit Microprocessors
 32-Bit Microprocessors
 64-Bit Microprocessors
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INTRODUCTION
 Fairchild Semiconductors (founded in 1957)
invented the first IC in 1959.
 In 1968, Robert Noyce, Gordan Moore, Andrew
Grove resigned from Fairchild Semiconductors.
 They founded their own company Intel (Integrated
Electronics).
 Intel grown from 3 man start-up in 1968

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4-BIT MICROPROCESSORS

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INTEL 4004
 Introduced in 1971.
 It was the first
microprocessor by Intel.
 It was a 4-bit µP.
 Its clock speed was
740KHz.
 It had 2,300 transistors.
 It could execute around
60,000 instructions per
second. 5
INTEL 4040
 Introduced in 1974.
 It was also 4-bit µP.

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8-BIT MICROPROCESSORS

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INTEL 8008
 Introduced in 1972.
 It was first 8-bit µP.
 Its clock speed was 500
KHz.
 Could execute 50,000
instructions per second.

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INTEL 8080
 Introduced in 1974.
 It was also 8-bit µP.
 Its clock speed was 2
MHz.
 It had 6,000
transistors.
 Was 10 times faster
than
8008.
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 Could execute 5,00,000
instructions per
  Introduced in 1976.
INTEL 8085  It was also 8-bit µP.
 Its clock speed was 3 MHz.
 Its data bus is 8-bit and
address bus is 16-bit.
 It had 6,500
transistors.
 Could execute 7,69,230
instructions per
second.
 It could access 64 KB
of
memory.
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 It had 246 instructions.
16-BIT MICROPROCESSORS

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  Introduced in 1978.

INTEL 8086  It was first 16-bit µP.

 Its clock speed is 4.77 MHz, 8

 Its data bus is 16-bit and

 It had 29,000
transistors.

 Could execute 2.5 million

 It could access 1 MB of
memory.

 It had
It had 22,000
Multiply and Divide 12
instructions.
instructions.
INTEL 8088
 Introduced in 1979.
 It was also 16-bit µP.
 It was created as a cheaper
version of Intel’s 8086.
 It was a 16-bit processor
with an 8-bit external bus.

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INTEL 80186 & 80188
 Introduced in 1982.
 They were 16-bit µPs.
 Clock speed was 6 MHz.

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INTEL 80286
 Introduced in 1982.
 It was 16-bit µP.
 Its clock speed was 8 MHz.

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32-BIT MICROPROCESSORS

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  Introduced in 1986.
 It was first 32-bit µP.
INTEL 80386  Its data bus is 32-bit and
address bus is 32-bit.
 It could address 4 GB of
memory.

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  Introduced in 1989.
INTEL 80486  It was also 32-bit µP.
 It had 1.2 million transistors.
 Its clock speed varied from
16 MHz to 100 MHz
depending upon the various
versions.

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  Introduced in 1993.
INTEL PENTIUM  It was also 32-bit µP.

 It was originally named 80586.

 Its clock speed was 66 MHz.

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INTEL PENTIUM PRO
 Introduced in 1995.
 It was also 32-bit µP.
INTEL PENTIUM II
 Introduced in 1997.
 It was also 32-bit µP.

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INTEL PENTIUM II XEON
 Introduced in 1998.
 It was also 32-bit µP.

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INTEL PENTIUM III
 Introduced in 1999.
 It was also 32-bit µP.

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INTEL PENTIUM IV
 Introduced in 2000.
 It was also 32-bit µP.

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  Introduced in 2006.
INTEL DUAL CORE  It is 32-bit or 64-bit µP.
 It has two cores.
 Both the cores have there
own internal bus and L1
cache, but share the
external bus and L2 cache

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64-BIT MICROPROCESSORS

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INTEL CORE 2
 Introduced in 2006.
 It is a 64-bit µP.

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INTEL CORE I7
 Introduced in 2008.
 It is a 64-bit µP.

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INTEL CORE I5
 Introduced in 2009.
 It is a 64-bit µP.

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INTEL CORE I3
 Introduced in 2010.
 It is a 64-bit µP.

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