ELEMENTS

OF ART
BY GROUP 2
 TOPICS
01 LINE
AWID, AME ROXAN 02 SHAPE
BINONDO, LILIAN

03
FORM
04
SPACE
CATUBAY, IRENE CANETE, JECIEL

05
COLOR
06
VALUE
CUNANAN, DOROMAL, JANE
CHRISTINE

07
TEXTURE
DURAN, MA. CONIE
 THINGS TO
REMEMBER
01 02
LISTEN TO THE
REPORTER PARTICIPATE

03 04
BE READY FOR AN
TAKE NOTES
AWESOME QUIZ
 Introduction
The elements of art are
sort of like atoms in that
both serve as “building
blocks” for creating
something.
LINE
Actual lines Implied lines
Actual lines are fairly Implied lines act in similar
straightforward. They are way, but instead of being
lines which we can actually physically there, they are
see. created by our minds via
suggestive prompts.
Straight or classic lines
Straight or classic lines provide structure to
a composition. They can be oriented to the
horizontal, vertical, or diagonal axis of a
surface. Straight lines are by nature visually
stable, while still giving direction to a
composition. Vertical and horizontal straight
lines provide the most stable compositions.
Diagonal straight lines are usually more
visually dynamic, unstable, and tension-
filled.
Expressive lines
Expressive lines are curved,
adding an organic, more
dynamic character to a work of
art. Expressive lines are often
rounded and follow
undetermined paths.
Outline, or contour
line
Outline, or contour line is the
simplest of these. They create a
path around the edge of a
shape. In fact, outlines often
define shapes.
Hatch lines
Hatch lines are repeated at
short intervals in generally one
direction. They give shading and
visual texture to the surface of
an object.
Crosshatch lines
Crosshatch lines provide
additional tone and texture.
They can be oriented in any
direction. Multiple layers of
crosshatch lines can give rich
and varied shading to objects
by manipulating the pressure of
the drawing tool to create a
large range of values.
Line quality
Line quality is that sense of
character embedded in the way
a line presents itself. Certain
lines have qualities that
distinguish them from others.
Hard-edged, jagged lines have a
staccato visual movement while
organic, flowing lines create a
more comfortable feeling.
SHAPE
A shape is defined as
an enclosed area in Geometric Organic
two dimensions. By Shapes Shapes
definition shapes are
always flat, but the Examples of Organic shapes
combination of geometric are those that
shapes, color, and shapes are the are based on
other means can ones we can organic or living
make shapes appear recognize and things or are
three-dimensional, as name: squares, more free form:
forms. Shapes can be triangles, the shape of a
created in many ways, circles, tree, face,
the simplest by hexagons, etc. monkey, cloud,
enclosing an area etc.
with an outline.
FORM
Form is sometimes used to describe a shape that has an implied third
dimension. In other words, an artist may try to make parts of a flat
image appear three-dimensional.

When an image is incredibly realistic in terms of its forms (as well as color, space,
etc.) such as this painting by Edwaert Collier, we call that trompe l’oeil, French for
“fool the eye”.
SPACE
 Space is the area surrounding or between real or implied objects. Humans categorize space:
there is outer space, that limitless void we enter beyond our sky; inner space, which resides
in people’s minds and imaginations, and personal space, the important but intangible area
that surrounds each individual and which is violated if someone else gets too close. Pictorial
space is flat, and the digital realm resides in cyberspace.

The innovation of linear perspective, an

implied geometric pictorial construct
dating from fifteenth-century Europe,
affords us the accurate illusion of three-
dimensional space on a flat surface, and
appears to recede into the distance
through the use of a horizon line and
vanishing point(s). You can see how
one-point linear perspective is set up in
the example.
One-point perspective
occurs when the
receding lines appear
to converge at a single
point on the horizon
and used when the
flat front of an object
is facing the viewer.
Note: Perspective can
be used to show the
Two-point
relative size and
perspective
recession into space
occurs when the
of any object, but is
vertical edge of a
most effective with
cube is facing the
hard-edged three-
viewer, exposing
dimensional objects
two sides that
such as buildings.
recede into the
distance, one to
each vanishing
point.
One-point Two-point perspective
perspective
COLOR
Color is the most
complex artistic The full spectrum of The study of
element because of colors is contained in color in art and
white light. Humans design often
the combinations
perceive colors from starts with color
and variations the light reflected off theory. Color
inherent in its use. objects. Color theory theory splits up
 Humans respond to first appeared in the colors into three
color combinations 17th century when
categories:
differently, and English mathematician
primary,
and scientist Sir Isaac
artists study and use secondary, and
Newton discovered
color in part to give that white light could tertiary.
desired direction to be divided into a
their work. spectrum by passing it
through a prism.
Traditional Model
Traditional color theory is a
qualitative attempt to organize
colors and their relationships. It
is based on Newton’s color
wheel, and continues to be the
most common system used by
artists.
• The primary colors are red, blue, and yellow. You find them equidistant from each other
on the color wheel. These are the “elemental” Colors; not produced by mixing any other
colors, and all other colors are derived from some combination of these three.
• The secondary colors are orange (mix of red and yellow), green (mix of blue and yellow),
and violet (mix of blue and red).
• The tertiary colors are obtained by mixing one primary color and one secondary color.
Depending on amount of color used, different hues can be obtained such as red-orange
or yellow-green. Neutral colors (browns and grays) can be mixed using the three primary
colors together.
• White and black lie outside of these categories. They are used to lighten or darken a color.
A lighter color (made by adding white to it) is called a tint, while a darker color (made by
adding black) is called a shade.
Color Mixing
Think about color as the result
of light reflecting off a surface.
Understood in this way, color
can be represented as a ratio
of amounts of primary color
mixed together. Color is
produced when parts of the
external light source’s
spectrum are absorbed by the
material and not reflected back
to the viewer’s eye.
Color Interactions Monochrome Analogous Color

Beyond creating a The simplest color Analogous colors are

mixing hierarchy, interaction is similar to one
color theory also monochrome. This is another. As their
provides tools for the use of variations name implies,
understanding how of a single hue. The analogous colors can
advantage of using a be found next to one
colors work
monochromatic another on any 12-
together.
color scheme is that part color wheel.
you get a high level
of unity throughout
the artwork because
all the tones relate to
one another.
Color Temperature Complementary Colors

Complementary colors are found

Colors are perceived to have
directly opposite one another on
temperatures associated with a color wheel. Here are some
them. The color wheel is divided examples:
into warm and cool colors. Warm •purple and yellow
colors range from yellow to red, •green and red
while cool colors range from •orange and blue
yellow-green to violet.
VALUE
Value (or tone) is the relative lightness or darkness of a shape in relation to
another. The value scale, bounded on one end by pure white and on the other by
black, and in between a series of progressively darker shades of grey, gives an
artist the tools to make these transformations.
In two dimensions, the use of value gives a shape the illusion of form or
mass and lends an entire composition a sense of light and shadow.
TEXTURE
At the most basic level, Three-dimensional works of art (sculpture, pottery,
textiles, metalwork, etc.) and architecture have actual texture which is often
determined by the material that was used to create it: wood, stone, bronze,
clay, etc. Two-dimensional works of art like paintings, drawings, and prints
may try to show implied texture through the use of lines, colors, or other
ways. When a painting has a lot of actual texture from the application of thick
paint, we call that impasto.
Actual texture
The Arnolfini Portrait by Jan
van Eyck. Here, the artist
has created implied
texture. If you were to
touch this painting you
would not feel the fabric of
the clothing and carpet,
the wooden floor or the
smooth metal of the
chandelier, but our eyes
“see” the texture.
THANK YOU !!