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Chapter 8 - Learning, Decision-Making and Creativity

The document discusses learning, decision making, and creativity. It covers operant conditioning, social learning theory, self-efficiency, individual versus group decision making, and ways to foster creativity in the workplace such as rewarding creativity and supporting a diverse and positive work environment.

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Alzcareen Erie Liwayan
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552 views

Chapter 8 - Learning, Decision-Making and Creativity

The document discusses learning, decision making, and creativity. It covers operant conditioning, social learning theory, self-efficiency, individual versus group decision making, and ways to foster creativity in the workplace such as rewarding creativity and supporting a diverse and positive work environment.

Uploaded by

Alzcareen Erie Liwayan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 8

LEARNING, DECISION MAKING


AND CREATIVITY
Learning Outcomes
After completing the chapter, the students
should be able to:
1. Discuss an operant conditioning and social
learning theory.
2. Discuss individual decision-making from
group decision-making.
3. Determine ways on how to adopt creativity in
the workplace.
Learning Principles
In the field of organizational behavior, learning
refers to a process through which individuals
change their behavior on positive or negative
experiences in a situation.
Five Important Components of Learning:

1. Learning involves change


2. Not all changes reflect learning
3. Learning is reflected in behavior
4. The change in behavior should occur as a
result of experience, practice or training
5. The practice or experience must be
reinforced in order for learning to occur
Operant Conditioning
It is also called instrumental conditioning which
refers to the process that people’s behavior
produces certain consequences are.

It emphasizes voluntary behaviors.

Experts call them “operant behavior” because


they operate on the environment.
Social Learning Theory
Also called observational learning, social
learning theory, emphasizes the ability of an
individual to learn by observing others.
Self -efficiency
It refers to a person’s belief that he has the
ability, motivation, and situational contingencies
to complete a task successfully.
FUNDAMENTALS OF
DECISION-MAKING
Decision-making is defined as the selection of
choice of one best alternative.

Accdg. to Stephen P. Robbins, “decision-making


is defined as the selection of a preferred course
of action from two or more alternatives.”
The most important aspect of decision-making
is to recognize and analyze the basic
components of decisions.
1. Context
2. Objectives
3. Options
4. Criteria
Successful decisions are based on reliable
information and verifiable data.
Importance of Decision-making
1. Implementation of managerial function
2. Pervasiveness of decision making
3. Evaluation of managerial performance
4. Helpful in planning and policies
5. Selecting the best alternatives
6. Successful operation of business
Steps in Decision-making Process
1. Identification of problems
2. Analysis of problem
3. Developing the alternative solution
4. Evaluation of best alternative
5. Selection of best alternative
6. Implementation of best alternative
7. Review of implementation
Decision-making Tools and Techniques

1. Decision matrix
2. T-chart
3. Decision tree
4. Multivoting
5. Pareto analysis
6. Cost-benefit
7. Conjoint Analysis
1. Decision matrix is used to evaluate all the
options decision.
T-Chart is used when weighing the plusses and
minuses of the options. It ensured that all the
positives and negatives are taken into
consideration when making a decision.
Decision tree – This is a graph or model that
involves contemplating each option and the
outcomes of each. Statistical analysis is also
conducted with this technique.
Multivoting is used when multiple people are
involved in making a decision. It helps shape
down a large list options to a smaller one to the
eventual final decision.
Pareto analysis – this is a technique used
when a large number of decisions need to
be made.
Cost-benefit is used when weighing the
financial consequences of each possible
alternative.
Conjoint Analysis is used by business
leaders to determine consumer
preferences when making decisions.
What is an Individual Decision-making?

Individual decision making saves time, money


and energy as individuals make prompt and
logical decisions generally.

Individual decisions are more focused and


rational as compared to group.
Group Decision-making
Group decision making involves lot of time,
money and energy. 
Assignment:
Research on the Advantages and Disadvantages
of Individual Decision-making.

Please pass not later than Monday, April 12,


2021 via lms.
Issues surrounding group decision-making:

1. Group polarization
2. Group think
3. Group problem solving
a. brainstorming
b. nominal group technique
c. Delphi technique
Creativity in the Workplace
Creativity is the act of turning new and
imaginative ideas into reality. It is characterized
by the ability to perceive the world new ways, to
find hidden patterns, to make connections
between seemingly unrelated phenomena, and
to generate solutions.
Characteristics of Creative People
1. Creative people see the world differently
than most.
2. They’re often introverted and tend to be
loners.
3. They don’t judge their abilities the way
others do.
4. They’re more emotional.
5. They’re dreamers.
Unleashing Creativity in the Workplace

1. Reward Creativity
2. Anonymity and Confidentiality
3. Innovation teams
4. Support Creativity
5. Diversity among employees
6. Positive Working Environment

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