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LA - 4. Vector Geometry

This chapter outlines vector geometry and its applications. It covers vectors and lines, projections and planes, properties of the cross product, linear operators in R3, and an application to computer graphics. Projections, reflections, rotations and translations are defined using vectors. The dot and cross products are used to determine angles between vectors, find distances, and describe planes. Computer graphics applications represent images as matrices and apply transformation matrices to change the image.

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Nguyen Thanh Hop (K17 HCM)
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40 views43 pages

LA - 4. Vector Geometry

This chapter outlines vector geometry and its applications. It covers vectors and lines, projections and planes, properties of the cross product, linear operators in R3, and an application to computer graphics. Projections, reflections, rotations and translations are defined using vectors. The dot and cross products are used to determine angles between vectors, find distances, and describe planes. Computer graphics applications represent images as matrices and apply transformation matrices to change the image.

Uploaded by

Nguyen Thanh Hop (K17 HCM)
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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4

VECTOR GEOMETRY
Chapter Outline
 4.1. Vectors and Lines
 4.2. Projections and Planes
 4.3. More on the Cross Product
 4.4. Linear Operations on 3
 4.5. An application to Computer Graphics
4.1. Vectors and Lines
Vectors in 3 point P(x, y, z)

 The terms vector and point


vector v
are interchangeable.
Vectors in  3

Length.
If then

Ex.
Scalar Multiple Law
Equality
Let v  0 and w  0 be vectors in R3.
Then v = w if and only if v and w have the same direction and the
same length.  
v w
 
 The same geometric vector can be positioned anywhere in space.
Parallel vectors

ll
 Two nonzero vectors are called para el if they have the same or
opposite direction.
 v and w are parallel  v = kw for some scalar k

v -2v
The Parallelogram Law

v v + w  first v then w

w
v + w = w + v
Tip-to-tail rule

B
C

A
Distance between two points
Lines in Space
 Given the point P0 (with vector p0) and the direction vector d  0.
 Then line parallel to d through the point P0 is given by:

p = p0 + td,
(t is any number)
4.2 Projections and Planes
 The Dot Product
 The Dot Product
Properties of dot product

Ex. Find (v + w)(v – 2w) if


and vw = -1.
Angles between vectors

Example.
Orthogonality
 Two vectors v and w are said to be orthogonal if

vw=0
u u–v 1. v  d
Projection  v d 2. u – v  d
Planes
The Cross Product
Properties of cross product
4.3 More on Cross Product
Linear Operators on R 3

 Reflections and Projections


 Rotations
 Translations
Reflections and Projections
Rotations
4.5 An application in Computer
Graphics

Data matrix D
How to change image?

C
D

C
Computer graphics
 Image  matrix D
 Matrices of transformations A1, A2, ..., An

 Compute An...A3A2A1D

3rd transformation 1st transformation Data matrix

nth transformation 2nd transformation


Matrices of Translations
 Need a clever way to give these matrices (Read yourself in the text
book)
Homogeneous coordinate

homogeneous coordinate of v
Summary
 4.1. Vectors and Lines
 4.2. Projections and Planes
 4.3. More on the Cross Product
 4.4. Linear Operations on 3
 4.5. An application to Computer Graphics

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