Module 4

Lighting Applications

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Outline

Visual Performance
Visual Impact
Exterior Environment

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
 Visual Performance

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Visual Performance
Factors Affecting Visual Performance
Visual Tasks
Task Areas
Luminaire Selection
Luminaire Layout
Interior Applications
Office Spaces
Educational Facilities
Financial Facilities
Health Care Facilities
Libraries
Industrial Facilities

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Visual Tasks
Tasks should be ranked according to:
Level of importance
Frequency
Duration
Specific visual characteristics

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Visual Tasks
Factors to be considered in ranking
Speed and accuracy requirements
Difficulty of task details
Room surface and task background reflectances
Directionality of light sources
Work plane location and tilt

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Speed and Accuracy Requirements

Soccer : Tennis:
Slower Speed and Large Ball Higher Speed and Small Ball
Competition Level : 150 Lux Competition Level : 500 Lux

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Considerations in Visual
Performance
Room dimensions
Surface reflectances
Glare
Direct Glare
Veiling/Reflected Glare
Transient Adaptation
Uniformity

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Room Dimensions
Room size and shape affect the amount of light
that is reflected from surfaces and how light is
distributed in space
The smaller the room size, for a constant ceiling
height, the greater the loss of light by absorption

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Surface Reflectances
Affect both quantity of generated lumens
(reflection and absorption) and the amount of
glare that may result (luminance ratios)
Amount of light reflected from walls, ceiling and
floor depends on the reflecting properties,
texture of the surface, spectral power distribution
of the light sources, and the spectral
reflectances of room surfaces

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Surface Reflectances

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Surface Reflectances
Examples
Reflectance value of a peach matte finish wall
63% when illuminated by an incandescent source
58% when illuminated by a cool white fluorescent source
A specular white wall may reflect 90% in a given direction,
while a rough plaster finish may reflect only 30% in the
same direction
Two rough textured walls (1 painted black and 1 painted
white), illuminated with the same white fluorescent lamps
may reflect 10% and 90% respectively for the same
direction of view

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Surface Reflectances
Selecting surface reflectances that are the
same for all surfaces (walls, ceiling, and floor),
and reducing window luminance to match the
wall luminances, will “soften” the luminance
patterns of the surfaces reflected in the Visual
Display Terminal (VDT) screen, but may produce
a boring space

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Surface Reflectances
Veiling reflections are also less noticeable in
VDT screens with black characters on white
backgrounds than with white characters on black
backgrounds

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Glare
Visual discomfort (Discomfort Glare) and a loss
of visibility (Disability Glare) can result from
excessively bright sources of light and from
excessive luminance ratios within a space
The discomfort may cause the person to look
away, blink or close the eyes, with possible
changes in the adaptation state

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Glare
Discomfort glare produces discomfort (even
pain), it does not necessarily interfere with visual
performance or visibility
Disability glare affects a person’s visual
performance by decreasing the ability to see and
occurs when the luminance of an object (print)
and the luminance of the background (paper)
approach the same numerical value
(approaching zero contrast)

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Glare
Direct Glare from Luminaires

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Glare
Direct Glare – comes from the luminaires that
are in the “direct” field of view, or from
excessively bright sources of light (high
reflectance objects)
Veiling/Reflected Glare – veiling reflections
reduce task contrast and impair visual
performance

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Glare
Methods of minimizing the occurrence of
veiling reflections or reflected glare
Selecting a more diffuse lighting system
Relocating the source of light relative to the task
location (avoiding luminaires in the “offending zone”)
Moving the task relative to the source
Using a matte rather than a glossy finish visual task

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Glare
Veiling reflections or
reflected glare
Current innovations are
directed at developing
smaller, flatter, higher
resolution and lighter weight
display devices to avoid
problem of veiling reflections
such as liquid crystal display
(LCD) micro screens in the
workplace

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Uniformity
Uniform, diffuse illuminance may create a boring, non-
stimulating visual environment
To add interest, the use of spatial patterns of brightness,
color and/or sparkle may be considered thus creating
visual interest without causing visual discomfort for the
people within the space.
Additional variety to the luminance patterns may be
achieved by using lighting controls.

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Luminaire Selection
Light source Maintenance
Desired light distribution characteristics
pattern Efficiency
Illuminance level Product reliability and
Control availability
Desired level of Safety
directional control (control Life cycle cost
media) Compliance with lighting
Aesthetics power allowance (energy
Mechanical construction code) criteria
Thermal and acoustical
characteristics

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Luminaire Selection
Considerations:
Light Distribution
Illuminance Level Control
Directional Control
Appearance
Mechanical Construction

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Light Distribution
Luminaires must distribute their luminous intensity total
downward (direct), both up and down, and totally upward
(indirect)
Luminous intensity distributions can be symmetrical or
nonsymmetrical
Luminaires must produce the desired distribution pattern
to satisfy task requirements and visual comfort needs
Luminaires are normally selected for their performance
in delivering flux to horizontal surfaces
Luminaire’s photometric data will tell about its ability to
provide vertical illuminance
Mounting luminaires closer together than the maximum
often improves light distribution on vertical surfaces

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Light Distribution
Different Light Distributions

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Illuminance Level Control
There may be several types of tasks within a
given area, each requiring different illuminance
levels (i.e. work, leisure, cleaning, and security)
Fluorescent, incandescent and high intensity
discharge (HID) lamps can be controlled by
dimming or by other control devices, such as
multi-level switching

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Illuminance Level Control
DALI BASIC light control system
L 58W

pushbutton FQ 39W
DALI-BASIC-control unit DALI-ECG 1x39W
FQ 54W

FC 40W
DALI-ECG 1x54W
FC 55W

DULUX L 40W
DULUX L 55W
combined light/
presence detector 1...10 V-DIMM-ECG DULUX T/E
DALI 1...10 V-converter

DALI 1...10 V-converter

1..10 V trailing edge phase- Halogen
dimmer HTM 70/230-240 50 W

The diagram above illustrates how various light sources can be linked to the DALI
system. With the addition of signal converters, dimmable 1-10V analogue electronic
control gears (ECGs) or transformers can then be operated via DALI

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Directional Control
Indirect Lighting
Luminaires direct light up to the ceiling where it is
reflected down to the visual task; ceiling is thus the
primary source of light
Direct Lighting
Distributes light directly to the walls and the work surfaces
Luminance control of the direct (downward) component of
light is a function of the control media (lenses, baffles, and
louvers)

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Directional Control

Direct and Indirect Lighting Directional Control

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Appearance
Color rendition of objects in a room will depend
on the spectral distribution characteristics of the
light sources
Typically, the lighting system should play a
subordinate role; it may attract attention to itself
rather than to its task
There are luminaires which can be decorative or
unobtrusive, as well as functional

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Appearance
Different Color Renditions
Appearance under incandescent lamp with yellow filter
(left) and under low pressure sodium vapor lamp (right)

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Appearance
Six basic types of mountings for interior
luminaires for decorative or unobtrusive as
well as functional purposes:
Recessed
Pendant or suspended
Ceiling/surface mounted
Track mounted
Wall mounted
Floor mounted

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Appearance
Recessed

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Appearance
Pendant or suspended

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Appearance
Ceiling/surface mounted

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Appearance
Track mounted

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Appearance
Wall mounted

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Appearance
Floor mounted

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Luminaire Layout
Four (4) Options
Single level system that meets the most critical, most
commonly occurring visual tasks
Multilevel lighting system
System that groups together with those visual tasks
requiring the same illuminance level
Completely nonuniform lighting system

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Luminaire Layout
Requirements for a good luminaire layout
Meets quantity and quality requirements for the tasks
Provides visual comfort
Complies with cost and power budget limits
Aesthetically pleasing

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Luminaire Layout
Three (3) lighting classification systems
General (non-task lighting)
Localized-General (task-ambient and supplementary)
Local (task only)

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Luminaire Layout
General Lighting
Provides uniform illuminance on the work surfaces
throughout an entire area
Used where specific task locations are unknown or the
entire area is considered a continuous visual task area
Symmetrical layout based on the given dimensions of the
room
Main advantage: complete flexibility regarding the
arrangement of furniture and equipment (work stations)
Illuminance will be lower in corners and along the walls

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Luminaire Layout

General lighting in a
production area for
ceiling height not less
than 6 meters and not
more than 12 meters

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Luminaire Layout
Luminaire spacing
Luminaires should not be spaced so far apart or from
walls as to result in unsatisfactory uniformity in
general lighting conditions
Rule of thumb – Spacing from the wall to the center of
the first luminaire should not exceed half of the
spacing between luminaires
Luminous intensity distribution is considered in
determining the maximum luminaire spacing to
achieve acceptably uniform illuminance in an empty
room (no furniture or partitions)

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Luminaire Layout

Plan of Room Showing Luminaire Layout (in meters)

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Luminaire Layout
Luminaire spacing
Factors contributing to the uniformity of illuminance in
a room
Luminaire efficiency
Number and placement of luminaires
Room shape
Configuration of furniture and partitions
Room surface reflectances
In general, uniformity decreases as spacing increases

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Luminaire Layout
Localized-General Lighting
Provides higher illuminance on the visual
task, with a lower level of general
illuminance throughout the remaining area
Minimize shadows; direct glare, and veiling
reflections through careful placement

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Luminaire Layout

Localized-General
lighting for
semiconductors
assembly

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Luminaire Layout
Localized-General Lighting
Task-Ambient Lighting
Used in office and some industrial lighting
Task lighting portion of this system is mounted
directly to the furniture
Ambient lighting portion may be free standing,
furniture mounted, or ceiling mounted
Primary advantage is that reconfiguration of the
workstations is relatively easy because the task
lighting moves with the furniture

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Luminaire Layout
Local Lighting
Provides illuminance over a much smaller area – just
the task (task only lighting) and its immediate
surroundings
This requires provision of sufficient spill light into
adjacent areas to prevent excessive luminance ratios
and transient adaptation problems

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Luminaire Layout

Local lighting for

electronic parts testing

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Interior Applications
Interior spaces considered
Offices
Educational facilities
Financial facilities
Health care facilities
Libraries
Industrial facilities
Topics to be discussed per interior space
Visual tasks
Quality of lighting
Lighting requirements

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Interior Applications
Luminance Ratios
Between task and:
Adjacent surround 1 to 1/3
Remote darker surfaces 1 to 5
Remote lighter surfaces 1 to 1/5

To approach these ratios the following reflectances are recommended

Ceiling 80 – 90%
Walls 40 – 60%
Work surfaces and equipment 25 – 45%
Floors 20 – 40%

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Interior Applications
Luminance Ratios
Example:
When reading an 80% reflective page, the area
immediately surrounding the page should be at least
27% reflectance (80 x 1/3), and no area within direct
view should be less than 16% (80 x 1/5)

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Office Spaces
Visual tasks include
reading important documents, handwriting and print outs
searching for and reading data on computer screens
Visibility of the task is often poor and is
affected by factors such as contrast, size,
task luminance, and the time for viewing

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Office Spaces
Visual Tasks
VDT Work Stations
The Visual Display Terminal (VDT) is a major element in
today’s office and presents unique problems, not only
in the lighting design, but in work station configuration,
ergonomic requirements, and HVAC design
In most offices, some time will be spent viewing the VDT
and some time spent on paper tasks or looking at
customers while other applications used the screen
constantly

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Office Spaces
Visual Tasks
Visual Display Terminal (VDT) Work Stations
Examples: customer service operations or reservation
offices
May result in luminance ratios between tasks which
exceed recommendations
Other office spaces
Conference rooms
– Range from casual to difficult viewing
– More than one lighting and control systems should
be considered especially if visual aids will be used,
so that notes can be taken without interfering with
the projection screen

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Office Spaces
Quality of Lighting
Troffers generate adequate ambient light levels in the circulation
areas while ceiling recessed wallwashers with semi-specular
assymetrical reflectors spread light evenly on the core walls

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Office Spaces
Quality of Lighting
Numerous type of
luminaires can be used in
conference rooms such
as T-8 or T-5 lamp
systems as well as high
efficiency downlights with
CFLs

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Office Spaces
Quality of Lighting
Drafting/reproduction rooms
Discrimination of fine detail is frequently required for
long periods of time and seeing tasks may be on
surfaces other than horizontal
Reception areas
Lighting should make a statement, and yet be restful and
sufficient for casual reading
File areas
Lighting should be directed into the opened files with
minimal shadows on the file contents

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Office Spaces
Quality of Lighting
Drafting/reproduction
rooms
Specific illuminance
level for tasks that
needs exacting work
to avoid harsh
shadows and improve
specular sensitivity

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Office Spaces
Quality of Lighting
File areas
Good visibility for
easy files or
document
retrievals

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Office Spaces
Quality of Lighting
Reception areas
Pleasant and
“relax” lighting
effect to project a
feeling of a
welcome
atmosphere is the
main feature of
reception areas

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Office Spaces
Lighting Requirements
Quality factors
Luminance
Contrast
Quantity

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Office Spaces
Lighting Requirements
Quality factors
Review the IESNA Lighting Design Guide for the factors
that are identified as Very Important and Important.
These must be addressed; then review the list of other
design issues, which may be applicable to the particular
space being designed

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Office Spaces
Lighting Requirements
Luminance
Office interiors should be finished in light colors and
illuminated to provide enough luminance or color
variations giving a stimulating, attractive work
environment

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Office Spaces
Lighting Requirements
Luminance
Uniform illuminance is desired in areas like offices

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Office Spaces
Lighting Requirements
Contrast
The degree of contrast between the details of the visual
task and the task background affects visibility and
depends in part upon the specularity of the task
When viewing a visual task, an image of a luminaire or
bright ceiling is reflected in the task and the details will
assume some of the brightness which will lead to
reduction in contrast and visibility impairment

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Office Spaces
Lighting Requirements
Contrast
Low contrasts result in flat visual scene

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Office Spaces
Lighting Requirements
Contrast
High contrasts result in adaptation problem for eye when
changing from one visual target to another

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Office Spaces
Lighting Requirements
Contrast
Well balanced contrasts
result in visual comfort
and satisfaction

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Office Spaces
Lighting Requirements

For typical office tasks,

not involving extended
use of VDTs, a
minimum VCP (Visual
Comfort Probability) of
70 is recommended
while for extended use
of VDTs, the minimum
VCP should be 80

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Office Spaces
Lighting Requirements
Quantity
Designers should select an overall value from the
Design Guide and allow for installation of supplementary
lighting since visual tasks and occupants are unknown
during the design stage
Given a large space with general lighting system, the
design should allow for different illuminance levels to
suit different visual tasks
When localized task lighting should be used, the
ambient illuminance can often be reduced

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Office Spaces
Lighting Requirements
Quantity
Lighting for visual tasks can be provided solely by
general lighting or by task plus general lighting
Occupancy sensors should be installed to reduce
energy consumption when the space is unoccupied

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Office Spaces
Lighting Requirements
Quantity
In an open office plan design containing VDTs, general lighting should
be at relatively low levels, with supplemental task lighting applied
where required for paper tasks. In the design below, suspended linear
indirect “uplighting” was supplemented by an under counter task light
equipped with user control or occupancy sensors

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Educational Facilities
Types of Spaces:
Classrooms/Lecture rooms
Shops
Art rooms
Gymnasium
Lighting Requirements:
Quality factors
Luminance
Illuminance

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Educational Facilities
Classrooms/Lecture rooms
“Donut” layout

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Educational Facilities
Classrooms/Lecture Rooms
The “donut” is a long preferred layout design by many
school architects and engineers, that employs ceiling
mounted or lay-in grid recessed, low cost troffers with
acrylic prismatic lenses and high reflectance (0.92%)
white paint reflectors to achieve good vertical surface
illumination on all walls

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
 Educational Facilities
Classrooms/Lecture rooms
Designers can add a
chalkboard/whiteboar
d light to the design to
increase the lighting
power

Pendant-mounted
luminaires are highly
recommended for
classrooms because
they provide uniform
glare-free illumination

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Educational Facilities
Shops
Follow the best industrial lighting practices especially
where moving machinery is used

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Educational Facilities
Art Rooms
Lighting should be versatile, capable of creating
highlight and shadow for modeling and providing good
color rendering
The direction of light creates the modeling effect and
reveals the 3 dimensional form and texture
The greater the angle of incidence(light from above),
the more dramatic is the effect obtained
The smaller the angle of incidence ( light from the
front), the greater is the chance for reflected glare

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Educational Facilities
Art rooms

Key Light : Creates accent by virtue of high brightness and

deep shadows
Fill Light : Supplementary illumination to soften shadows
and establish contrast at desired levels

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Educational Facilities
Art rooms

Back Light : Lighting from behind and above. Used to

separate the object from its background by accentuating
contours;reveals transparent elements

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Educational Facilities
Art rooms

Up Light : Accentuates elements close to the floor. Can also

be used for dramatic effects

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Educational Facilities
Art rooms

Diffuse Light : Creates soft shadows and least modeling

effect

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Educational Facilities
Gymnasium
These spaces are often used not only for sports but
also for graduations, assemblies, dances, concerts
and community meetings
Lighting levels should be equipped with flexible
circuiting/controls and sources
Many sports, such as basketball and volleyball require
vertical illumination up to 30 feet

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Educational Facilities
Gymnasium
Multipurpose area requiring a wide range of
luminaires

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Educational Facilities
Lighting Requirements
Quality Factors
Visual environment supportive of the learning process
must also be visually comfortable and satisfy the
psychological and emotional needs of learners
Appropriate lighting can enhance pleasant and attractive
surroundings, providing a feeling of spaciousness
Lighting can attract and hold attention, stimulate
learning, and influence behavior in a positive way.

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Educational Facilities
Lighting Requirements
Luminance
The distribution, size, and range of brightness within an
environment affect eye comfort, adaptation, and contrast
rendition
As the eye shifts from one luminance (the page of a
book), to another luminance (a chalkboard), it must
readapt to the new luminance level. If the difference is
too great, the reaction will be visual discomfort

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Educational Facilities
Lighting Requirements
Illuminance
Visual tasks differ in size, viewing direction, distance
and contrast
Major critical tasks include reading and writing, often
requiring prolonged and close attention

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Industrial Facilities
Industry has a wide range of visual tasks,
operating conditions and economic
considerations

Visual tasks involve:

Extremely small or very large
Dark or light
Opaque, transparent or translucent on specular or
diffuse surfaces
Flat or contoured shapes

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Industrial Facilities
Visual Tasks

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Industrial Facilities
Tasks are often on tilted or vertical planes and
the lighting design should provide the
appropriate vertical illuminance
Physical hazards exist in manufacturing
processes and lighting plays an important role in
helping to prevent accidents
Lighting must be designed to contribute to speed
of vision and to the overall environmental
conditions of the workplace

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Industrial Facilities
Speed and Environmental Conditions of the Workplace

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Industrial Facilities
Design of a lighting system and selection of
equipment maybe influenced by many economic
and energy related factors
Economic decisions should be based not only
on initial and operating costs of the lighting
system, but also on the relationship of the cost
of lighting to other production costs

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Industrial Facilities
Economic and Energy Related Factors

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Industrial Facilities
Lighting Requirements
Quality Factors
Quality in Manufacturing
Luminance
Illuminance
Luminaires

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Industrial Facilities
Lighting Requirements
Quality Factors
One of the important factors is the distribution of
luminances in the visual environment
Industrial installations of poor quality are easily
recognized as uncomfortable and are possibly
hazardous
Cumulative effect of even slightly glaring conditions can
result in a loss of seeing efficiency and undue fatigue

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Industrial Facilities
Lighting Requirements
Quality in Manufacturing
Light is often used to aid a manufacturing process or
identify manufacturing defects

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Industrial Facilities
Lighting Requirements
Quality Factors
Color as a part of the seeing task can be very
effectively used to improve contrast either by
intensifying or subduing certain colors inherent in the
task
Directional light maybe useful in emphasizing texture
and defects on uneven surfaces
Fluorescence under UV radiation is often used to
create contrast while surface flaws in metal, nonporous
plastic and ceramic parts can be detected by the use of
fluorescent materials

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Industrial Facilities
Lighting Requirements
Quality Factors
Detection of internal strains in glass and transparent
plastics maybe facilitated by transmitted polarized light
Stroboscopic illumination can be used to “slow down” or
“stop” the motion of constant speed rotating or
reciprocating machinery to inspect/study moving parts
while they are operating

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Industrial Facilities
Lighting Requirements
Luminance
Reflectances of room surface finishes and equipment
should be as high as possible to achieve the best
possible luminance relationships
Painting stationary and moving parts of machines with
contrasting ANSI safety colors helps to reduce accident
hazards by aiding identification

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Industrial Facilities
Lighting Requirements
Illuminance
Desired illuminance depends primarily on the seeing
task, the worker and the importance of speed and
accuracy in performing the task
Illuminance recommendations for industrial tasks and
areas are given in the Lighting Design Guide in the
IESNA Lighting Handbook and in latest version of
ANSI/IESNA RP-7
Several industries have also developed industry-
specific recommendations

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Industrial Facilities
Lighting Requirements
Illuminance
In locations where dirt will collect rapidly on luminaire
surfaces, and where adequate maintenance is not
provided, the initial values should be higher than for
spaces which are cleaner or where there is a planned
maintenance program
Illuminance must be increased where workers wear
eye-protective devices with occupationally-required
tinted lenses that reduce the light reaching the retina of
the eye

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Industrial Facilities
Lighting Requirements
Illuminance
In cases where specific amount or quality of lighting
cannot be obtained by general lighting, supplementary
luminaires are often used to provide high illuminances
for small restricted areas and to furnish a certain
luminance or color or to permit special aiming or
positioning of light sources to produce or avoid
highlights or shadows to best portray the details of the
task
Supplementary equipment must be well shielded to
prevent glare for the user and others working in
adjacent areas

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Industrial Facilities
Lighting Requirements
Luminaires
Wide selection of luminaires including fluorescent,
metal halide and high pressure sodium
Maybe open or enclosed, with light control elements of
metal, plastic or glass
Mounting maybe “low-bay” (up to 5.5 m), “medium-bay”
(5.5 –7 m) or “high-bay” (>7.5 m)

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Industrial Facilities
Lighting Requirements
Luminaires
Fluorescent sources should always be considered in
areas with ceiling heights of approximately 10-12 ft, or
where high CRI or instant starting is required
Luminaires should be selected which provide well-
shielded illumination distributed over all of the work
planes with aesthetics in mind

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Industrial Facilities
Lighting Requirements
Luminaires
Luminaires should be chosen with regard to:
– Their ease of maintenance
– Durability
– Efficiency
Lighting designer should consult with local code
authorities before specifying equipment especially in
areas where hazardous materials may be present as to
what special equipment maybe required

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Light Source Criteria
Considerations
Color
Intensity
Distribution
Potential to dim the sources

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Light Source Criteria
Color
Color rendering
Daylighting
Warm color temperature e.g. incandescent
Color-enhanced discharge sources i.e. metal halide or
high pressure sodium

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Light Source Criteria
Intensity
The designer should take into account the visual
tasks to be performed and the factors of size, contrast
and time
The designer should select appropriate illuminance
for the design (maintained over time)
IESNA Lighting Design Guide (Chapter 10 IESNA
Lighting Handbook 9th Ed)

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Light Source Criteria
Economics
The designer must weigh the aesthetic goals of the
lighting design against the financial considerations of
both initial cost and the life-cycle costs of
maintenance and energy use
The designer may need to make strategic use of
incandescent sources for accent lighting while using
sources with higher efficacy (fluorescent (HID) for
general illumination

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Luminaire Selection
Considerations:
Quality of light
Task considerations and Illuminance Criteria
Distribution of light
Luminaire Glare and Visual Comfort

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Luminaire Selection
Quality of Light
More than one type of luminaire is used in most
applications to provide for both soft ambient light and
harder accent light
Soft light minimizes shadows but when used alone can
create an almost shadowless atmosphere lacking visual
interest
Hard light is useful for accents but if used alone can
create an environment where contrast ratios are too high
for visual comfort
Daylight exhibit soft and hard characteristics if used
indirect or direct respectively

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Luminaire Selection
Task Considerations and Illuminance Criteria
Task considerations should also be taken into
account, even in applications where the visual impact
of a space is the most important design criterion
Tasks include:
– Reading in the seating area of house of worship
– Completion of sale in a merchandising application
– Computer use in a home study
Luminaires should be selected to provide the
appropriate amount of incident light for the task,
keeping in mind that the occupants will be seeing
reflected or transmitted light

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Luminaire Selection
Distribution of light
Shape and distribution of light must be considered
Examples:
– Luminaire with a narrow distribution of light is quite
useful for controlled accent lighting on a single
painting, or where it is desirable to see the edge of
the lighted area against a darker background in an
intimate restaurant
– Luminaires with a wider distribution that provide
even illumination on the vertical surface for a wall
washing application are more appropriate
– For uniform illumination, the manufacturer’s spacing
criterion (SC) should be consulted to assure
adequate coverage for a given ceiling height

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Luminaire Selection
Luminaire Glare and Visual Comfort
Glare from the luminaire itself should be considered
especially if the direct source glare is within the visual
field making the overall view and aesthetic
appreciation of the scene maybe obscured

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Performance
Parking Lots
The use of different photometric distributions may help,
but care should be taken to control glare
Conflict areas in parking lots are vehicle intersections
and pedestrian crosswalks and should be illuminated to
meet the combined requirements of each pathway
For crosswalks, this would mean that the average
illuminance is equal to the sum of the values for the
roadway and the walkway

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Performance
Parking Lots

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Performance
Parking Lots
An evaluation of the design is made through the point
by point calculations of direct illuminance from all the
luminaires to each point, as discussed in Lighting
Calculations
The selection of grid points is important
To properly model the lighting system performance, the
grid must include all of a parking lot and not additional
areas

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Performance
Parking Lots
The spacing of the grid should be sufficiently small, to
ensure the calculations will provide accurate average,
maximum and minimum values
The use of templates, showing the coverage by one
luminaire or by a set of luminaires on one pole, with a
specific lamp lumen value and mounting height, can be
very helpful in designing the pattern
Light loss factors should be included when developing
templates

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Performance
Walkways and Bikeways
Walkways and bikeways can be either a part of or
separate from roadways
When they are part of the roadway, they should be
included in the design for that roadway
In either case, the intent is to provide lighting for both
navigating the path and seeing the other people on the
path

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Performance
Walkways and Bikeways

Photometric Distribution

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Performance
Walkways and Bikeways
The criteria for walkway and bikeway lighting include
average illuminance at grade for typical applications and
minimum vertical illuminance at 1.5m above grade for
areas with special security considerations which also
include a uniformity criterion for both
It is important to visit the site for walkway and bikeway
projects, to evaluate the surroundings and their lighting
level as well as the pathways themselves
Safety and security are important in walkways and
bikeways, and the additional issues about surroundings,
trees, maintenance and vandalism also apply

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Performance
Sports Facilities
Sporting events are increasingly played and watched at
night, outdoors as well as indoors
Illumination requirements are increasing, and with this
comes the associated problems of glare the need to
limit light trespass and color rendering for better visual
performance
Sportslighting cannot be accomplished by the methods
of approximation, but rather requires calculations using
sophisticated computer programs

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Performance
Sports Facilities
Sports Luminaire

Photometric Distribution

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Performance
Sports Facilities
Rather than dividing competition level into simply
amateur and professional, a “class of play” approach is
necessary
Classes are based on the skill level of play, as well as
the associated number of spectators i.e. the number of
spectators is generally proportional to the skill level of
the players
Sports can be divided into two groups:
– Aerial sports
– Ground-level sports

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Performance
Sports Facilities
These groups can be subdivided into uni-directional and
multi-directional sports
Typical aerial sports would be golf (uni-directional) and
basketball (multi-directional) or football (multi-
directional)
Typical ground-level sports would be bowling (uni-
directional) and hockey (multi-directional)

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Performance
Sports Facilities

Night Golf

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Performance
Sports Facilities
The goal of lighting for sports is to provide an
appropriate luminous environment by controlling the
luminance of the playing target (e.g., ball) and its
background so the target will appear clear and sharp to
the players, spectators, and television viewers
To achieve this objective, both qualitative and
quantitative factors of illumination must be considered
Speed of sport, purpose of play, level of skill, capacity of
spectators, and requirements of broadcasting determine
illuminance criteria
Generally, when the visual target must be observed at
high speeds and at close rage between players, higher
illuminance is needed

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Performance
Sports Facilities
Higher levels of competition require higher levels of
illuminance, as does the resulting requirement of
increased speed and accuracy
As spectator capacity increases, the average observer is
usually farther away from the visual target, so higher
illuminance is again needed
In the largest of venues, events are often televised,
requiring illuminance 1.5 to 2 times higher than that
sufficient for play only

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Performance
Sports Facilities
Along with determining quantity, it is necessary to
associate the proper quality of illuminance
Quality metrics include: uniformity, glare, contrast,
modeling, and flicker
The metrics most commonly used as design criteria
describe uniformity: maximum-to-minimum (Max/Min)
ratio for illuminance values, coefficient of variation
(C.V.), and uniformity gradient

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Performance
Sports Facilities
Coefficient of variation is the ratio of the standard
deviation of the illuminances to the mean of the
illuminances
Uniformity gradient is a measure of the rate of change of
illuminance expressed as a ratio between adjacent
values on a uniform grid

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Performance
Sports Facilities
The most common outdoor installations are baseball
(softball), football, soccer and tennis facilities
Football fields commonly use four poles ranging in
height from 15 to 35m
Baseball fields often use shorter poles (due to shorter
setback distances and grater quantity of poles) ranging
from 12 to 25m

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Performance
Sports Facilities
These poles may have steps attached to them, with a
platform structure at the top commonly called a “cage”,
to facilitate maintenance
A “crossarm” system might also been employed, which
consists of support arms attached directly to see the
pole at varying mounting heights
The required minimum mounting height of luminaires is
dictated by a formula using setback distance and field
width (see discussion in Floodlighting Basics)

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Performance
Sports Facilities
Pole height is often limited to a height that allows
service equipment (bucket trucks) to provide access to
the luminaires
A sportslighting project should be field verified and
evaluated for light trespass limitations more than any
other type of lighting installations
RP-6 contains information on this topic, and the
definitive source for field verification techniques in
IESNA LM-5, which explains the methods involved

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Performance
Sports Facilities

Visual comfort for crowds

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Impact
Landscape
Building Facades
Monuments
Signage
Retail and Commercial

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Impact
Landscape
Landscape lighting includes ‘softscape” (e.g. greenery
and plantings) and “hardscape” (e.g., paths, walls,
gazebos, and fountains)
One of the most common objectives in lighting is display
– showing off the softscape and hardscape as desired
Visual choreography may be the most important aspect
of the project: leading people along paths, enticing them
to explore, and highlighting focal points

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Impact
Landscape

Fountain

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Impact
Landscape
Landscape lighting should always include provisions for
safety and security and glare should be avoided
Pathways should be visible and any changes in level or
direction made evident but just lighting pathway may
not be sufficient
The surroundings should appropriately illuminated to
create a visibility zone around individuals to produce a
sense of security

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Impact
Building Facades
Façade lighting creates the nighttime image of a
building, while disappearing during the daytime
The lighting can reinforce the architectural pattern that
is visible in the daytime, or produce a dramatic contrast
The first issue in façade lighting is identifying what
should be lighted – and by corollary what should not be
lighted

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Impact

Building Facades

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Impact
Building Facades
Direction and source color can dramatically alter the
effect of the lighting, and the brightness of illuminated
areas should be appropriate for the surroundings
Glare at building entries and exits and along pathways
must be controlled
Façade lighting should not detract from the basic safety
and security provided by the facility’s lighting, with
consideration for the potential glare inside the building

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Impact
Building Facades

To create ambiance

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Impact
Building Facades
Maintenance deserves particular attention, since the
building’s appearance may be especially sensitive to
performance or maintenance
A well maintained wall wash lighting produces a very
different image from one with burned out lamps
Access and scheduling should be reviewed-servicing
fountain lights is much easier when the fountain is
drained, and hard to reach floodlights should be group
relamped before burnouts degrade the appearance

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Impact
Monuments
Lighting monuments can be considered similar to
floodlighting or façade lighting, but typically on a
smaller scale (although not always, as in the case of the
Statue of Liberty), same issues apply but some
particular concerns should be addressed
Source color may be very important in rendering
monuments
The material and finish of the monument should be
considered, and producing a mock-up may be helpful

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Impact
Monuments
Monuments are often accessible by pedestrians, and the
selection and location of equipment should anticipate
this
Equipment that would be suitable for other locations
may not be suitable where pedestrians walk and snow is
cleared
The same uplight that boldly highlights the monument
when seen from a distance may produce excessive glare
when someone tries to read an inscription on the
monument

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Impact
Monuments

Emphasize the character

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Impact
Monuments
Multiple luminaires should be used where vandalism is
a concern
This reduces the effect of burnouts and makes the
entire location more visible and less susceptible to
vandalism

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Impact
Signage
Signage is a very common exterior lighting project, from
roadway information to commercial signage, with both
external and internal lighting are used for signs
The most important issue is the relative luminance of
the sign in comparison to its surroundings
Source color may be important, to render the sign and
to improve its visibility

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Impact
Signage

Photometric Distribution

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Impact
Signage
Spill light, glare and maintenance are again concerns,
for either internally or externally lighted signs
Lighting that spotlights one side of a sign may also
produce excessive glare when viewed from another
direction

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Impact
Retail and Commercial
Many businesses have exterior lighting as part of a
commercial or retail facility
These can range from car dealerships to drive-up stores
to miniature golf courses
With this wide range of applications, the specific issues
for each business are beyond this module

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Impact

Retail and Commercial

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Impact
Retail and Commercial
Typically, each project can be sub-divided into pieces
that are recognizable lighting tasks, such as display
lighting, roadway lighting, or sports lighting
General issues discussed in this module still apply, in
particular spill light, ordinances and standards may be
relevant
Every facility is likely to have pathways, entrances and
signage

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Impact
Retail and Commercial
While security is important issue for businesses,
business owners should be encouraged to turn off
lighting after hours, leaving on only what is necessary
for security
This concept is sometimes difficult to implement, if the
same lighting system is used for highlighting and
providing security for the merchandise
Energy management programs and, in some
jurisdictions, lighting ordinances and standards, may
require that the light levels be reduced during certain
period of the night

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
Exterior Environments
Lighting Applications for Visual Impact
Retail and Commercial
Control strategies play an important role in the
performance of security systems- simply switching off
every other luminaire can create shadows and dark
spots, while also complicating any maintenance
scheduling

Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market

Transformation Project (PELMATP)
 THANK YOU
and
Good Day
Module 4 – Lighting Applications Philippine Efficient Lighting Market
Transformation Project (PELMATP)