Web of Things and Cloud of Things

1 Jaydeep Patil- AISSMS IOIT Pune

 Web of Things versus Internet of Things: What is the
difference?
Internet: Interconnected networks
They are interconnected via IP(Internet Protocol)
There are IP addresses in the internet, no domain names such as
Wikipedia.org
Started around 1950 in a effort to make two computers talk to each other.
Web: Linked documents and resources
Uses HTTP
The web needs the Internet Underneath to function
Started around 1980 in an effort to help people share data over the Internet.

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 Two Pillars of the Web

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 Two pillars of Web
First pillar consists :
1. Hyper Text Markup Language(HTML)
2. Hyper Text Transfer Protocol(HTTP)
3. Uniform Resource Locator(URL)
First pillar technique provides a way to describe a resource or service , how to locate
it and how to distribute it over the Web.
Second pillar consists:
4. Web Browser
5. Multi – Tiered Software Architectures
6. Application Servers
Second pillar techniques provide a way to access the resource or service via URLs,
how to design the web Application and how to run and maintain the web application.

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 Architecture Standardization for WoT
Platform Middleware for WoT :
Middleware of WoT application and IoT focuses upon communication
interface and application’s business logic in depth.
WoT tries to connect everyday objects like domestic appliances,
sensors, actuators and some other embedded system and provide a
unified application.
To realize this Application sense of IoT , WoT uses object Oriented
approach to view everything as object.
Many techniques like Object Oriented Design, JavaScript Object
Notation(JSON),Document Object Model(DOM) etc are famous in
WoT.

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 M2M Middleware Standards
The key elements of M2M standardization are as follows:
1. M2M Device
2. M2M Area Network
3. M2M Gateway
4. M2M Communication Network
5. M2M Application Server

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 WSN Middleware Standards

Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) Standardization approach is

done by Ubiquitous Sensor Network(USN) Standardization
which includes following components :
1. USN Application Platform
2. USN Middleware
3. Network Infrastructures
4. USN Gateways
5. Sensor Networks

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 SCADA Middleware Standards

SCADA Standardization provides a framework for framework for

information exchange model, device interfaces, services, protocols and
software object modeling.
SCADA middleware platform focuses on following points in industry
automation:
1. Interaction
2. Communication Mechanisms
3. Context
4. Secure Distributed Storage
5. Additional Tools

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 RFID Middleware Standards

RFID middleware specifies the business logic that is used to filter the
data and extract the useful information from the huge data.
RFID is the most complete and standardized approach in all of the four
pillars of IoT.
1. Manage Device
2. Collect and Integrate Data
3. Structure and Filter Data
4. Tag ID Association
RFID tag information is recorded by mobile terminals with RFID
readers and it also stores the location based data.

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 Unified Multitier WoT Architecture

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 Multitier IoT Middleware adds the IoT based connectivity and service
oriented layer in the existing three tiered architecture.
The basic Unified Multitier
three tiered WoT Architecture
architecture consists of the data layer, logic layer,
and presentation layer.
Data Layer:
1. The data tier handles all the data generation and storage in WoT.
2. This layer handles data gathered from numerous distributed sensors and
provides a mechanism to store it.
Logic Layer:
1. Logic layer defines middleware and the application logic of the whole IoT
and WoT system.
2. The basic middleware techniques like application server utility using
IIS,.NET framework is also implemented in logic layer.

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 Unified Multitier WoT Architecture
Presentation Layer:
1. Presentation layer defines the User Interface of the WoT to the
outside world.
2. This layer provides a mechanism to access the information and
services provided by the bottom two layers.
3. IoT based system and WoT has IoT based graphical representation
that provide s functionalities like report generation, data mining,
HMI tools in SCADA, DSS, etc.

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 WoT Portals and Business Intelligence

The web portal provides a point of access to the WWW using

URLs and addresses.
Web portals have portlets , an application in web portals which
receives request and return appropriate information.
Some WoT portals are:
1. Pachub
2. Microsoft Hohm/Google Power Meter
3. Sun SPOT(Small Program Object Technology)
4. Sensor Map Microsoft

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 WoT Portals and Business Intelligence

The huge data collected by large number of sensors, is available in raw format.
To make sense of this data the WoT middleware defines a business logic which
converts this data into meaningful information . Such logic is also known as
Business Intelligence (BI)of the WoT.
Data mining and Decision Support System are well known mechanisms to
implement BI.
Common uses of BI:
1. Data report generation
2. Data analysis
3. Data mining
4. Benchmarking

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 Cloud of Things –Grid/SOA and Cloud Computing
Cloud Computing is derived from grid computing , where both technologies tries
to use computing resources from multiple locations.
Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM),Message Passing Interface(MPI),play important
role in building the middleware for grid computing and cloud computing.
Cloud Computing also supports virtualization creates virtual versions of the
resources like servers, storage , OS, etc.
Virtualization is done into types , Single System Virtualization (SSV) and Multi
System Virtualization(MSV).
SSV technique provides one to many virtualization. MSV provides many to one
virtualization.
SSV can be used with lower level nodes of MSV but is not compulsory.
Service Oriented Architecture(SOA)provides a software design that helps
communicate between application components.

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 Cloud Middleware

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 Cloud Middleware
Cloud provides its services in three categories IaaS, PaaS and SaaS.
SaaS utilizes the functionalities of IaaS Middleware and PaaS Middleware to
provide Software as a service .
IaaS middleware include components like network management, system
management , configuration of system , etc.
PaaS middleware handles identity and access management of computing
devices , data management which include managing metadata and categorizing
structured and unstructured data on the cloud.
PaaS includes all business level solution and services that are required for SaaS.
SaaS use IaaS and PaaS middleware functionalities to provide its services and
doesn’t have SaaS middleware separately.

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 Cloud Standards
Cloud standards work on these features and create a standard way to
provide above services.
Following list describes some of cloud standardization organizations :
1. National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST)
2. Distributed Management Task Force(DMTF)
3. European Telecommunications Standards Institute
4. Cloud Management Working Group(CMWG)
5. Standards Acceleration to Jumpstart Adoption of Cloud
Computing(SAJACC)
6. Open Cloud Consortium

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 Cloud Providers and Systems
Many cloud service providers are available and many of them are working
for cloud development providing Open Source application support.
Some of the service providers are listed below.
Open Source IaaS and PaaS projects :
1. OpenStack
2. OpenNebula
3. RedHat Cloud
4. Other products are
Open Source SaaS Projects:
1. Zoho
2. Pentaho
3. SourceTap
4. Amazon Web Services
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 Mobile Cloud Computing
 Mobile Cloud Computing(MCC) provides the functionality of a standard cloud in
the small handheld devices like smartphones.
Machine to Machine communication model and sensor capabilities are two main
characteristics of mobile cloud computing.
Mobile cloud collects data in the surrounding and location based data and uses the
cloud services for storage , processing and display.
Mobile Computing , cloud computing and IoT are all part of a big picture providing
IoT support to the user’s smartphone via cloud services.
Apple’s iCloud services allows user to store data like images , music files , documents
etc . on a remote server which can be downloaded by same user’s device running Mac
or Window based OS.
Window Live Mesh allows files and folders synchronization on two machines running
Windows and Mac OS computers.

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 The Cloud of Things Architecture

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 The Cloud of Things Architecture
Cloud of Things refers to providing IoT based services over the cloud with the help
of IaaS , PaaS , SaaS.
The base layer defines the DNA of IoT which forms the foundation of Cloud of
Things.
1. Device: Devices are smart things like WSN sensors , SCADA Actuators , etc.
2. Connect: Connect phase provide communication mechanisms for cloud of things.
3. Manage: Manages the application middleware and cloud computing that forms the
backend of the Cloud of Thing.
4. M2M: M2M is the area of interest for telecom companies.
5. RFID: RFID gives dumb things identity in IoT based system making them
traceable.
6. WSN:WSN provide the much needed network for sensors and actuators deployed in
IoT system.

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 The Cloud of Things Architecture

7. SCADA : SCADA provides IT controlled smart systems for industrial

automation , smart grid , building , etc.
8.Data Mining : All the data gathered need to be refined into useful
information which is done using data mining.
9.Private IoT : It is managed by the organization .
10.Public IoT : Public IoT service provider sells these services for a some cost.
11.Community IoT : Community IoT is an integrated system shared by multiple
organizations supporting common community concerns.
12.Hybrid IoT : This IoT system is integration of two or more of IoT system.
All these applications and services are powered by the web technologies and
cloud technologies that gives the sense of Cloud of Things of IoT.

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 Thank You.....

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