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Mushroom Production 1

Mushroom cultivation involves growing mushrooms using organic waste materials. There are five main stages: 1) composting organic materials to prepare a growth medium, 2) adding mushroom spawn to start growth, 3) applying a thin casing soil layer, 4) allowing pins and mushrooms to form, and 5) harvesting mature mushrooms within 3 weeks. Mushroom cultivation is a sustainable way to produce food and income from agricultural and food waste.

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Shinni Jashvie Jalipa
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365 views9 pages

Mushroom Production 1

Mushroom cultivation involves growing mushrooms using organic waste materials. There are five main stages: 1) composting organic materials to prepare a growth medium, 2) adding mushroom spawn to start growth, 3) applying a thin casing soil layer, 4) allowing pins and mushrooms to form, and 5) harvesting mature mushrooms within 3 weeks. Mushroom cultivation is a sustainable way to produce food and income from agricultural and food waste.

Uploaded by

Shinni Jashvie Jalipa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MUSHROOM

PRODUCTION

BY:GROUP 4
MUSHROOM CULTIVATION

 Mushroom Cultivation
 Mushroom cultivation is a technology of growing
mushrooms using plant, animal and industrial waste. In
short it is wealth out of waste technology. This technology
has gained importance worldwide because of its dietary
fibres and proteins value. Mushroom is a fungi belonging to
basidiomycetes. It is rich in proteins, fibres, vitamins and
minerals. There are more than 3000 types of mushrooms.
e.g. Button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus), Oyster
mushroom (Pleurotus sps.), Paddy straw mushroom
(Volvariella volvacea). The cultivation takes one to three
months. Major stages of mushroom cultivation are
explained below.
MAJOR STAGES OF MUSHROOM CULTIVATION

 Composting
 Compost is prepared by mixing paddy straw with number of organic materials like cow
dung and inorganic fertilizers. It is kept at about 50oC for one week.
 Spawning
 Spawn is the mushroom seed. It is prepared by growing fungal mycelium in grains under
sterile conditions. Spawn is sown on compost.
 Casing
 Compost is covered with a thin layer of soil. It gives support to the growing mushroom,
provides humidity and helps regulate the temperature.
 Pinning
 Mycelium starts to form little bud, which will develop into mushroom. Those little white
buds are called pins.
 Harvesting
 Mushroom grow better in 15oC - 23oC. They grow 3 cm in a week which is the normal size
for harvesting. In the third week the first flush mushroom can be harvested.
Cultivation Procedure has five main steps

Mushroom Spawn
preparing of compost
Spawning of mulch
Casing
Cropping and harvest administration
MUSHROOM SPAWN

 
mushroom growing process start form Spawn preparation
Spawn is planting material for mushroom cultivation that is
it is a seed of mushroom. For the preparation of mushroom
spawn required greater technical skill & investment mostly
mushroom spawn produce large institute.
Good Qualities mushroom spawn has following qualities
The spawn  should Be rapidly growing in the compost
Provide early pruning following casing
 high yielding
 It must create the greater grade of mushroom
PREPARING OF COMPOST

Compost is an artificially prepared growth medium from


which mushroom can derive essential nutrients necessary
for growth.
There are two primary methods for compost preparation:
Longer Method
Short Method
Short Method takes less time to prepare compost than
longer method but requires more capital and resources. 
The compost made by the short method is suitable for
high yielding mushroom production.
SPAWNING

The seeds are a mix of the compost.  Before seeding,


wash the utensils used in seeding and seeding in 2%
formalin solution and wash the hands of the person
working in the seedling with soap so that any
infection can be avoided.
After this, add seed to 0.5 to 0.75 percent, that is,
100 kg G 500-750 grams of seeds are sufficient for
ready compost.
CASING OIL

The importance of casing soil would be to keep the moisture content and
exchange of pollutants inside the top layer of the compost which assists in the
correct development of the mycelium. The pH of this casing soil should be
7.5-7.8 and have to be free of any disease.
maintain temperature and humidity mushroom grow room.
The casing soil is stacked on the cemented ground and can be treated with 4%
formalin solution. Through rotation of the ground is completed and it’s
covered with polythene sheet for another 3-4 days. Pasteurization of shell soil
at 65° C for 6-8 hours is shown to be a lot more successful.
3-4cm thick coating of casing soil has been spread thickly on the compost
once the surface was coated with white mycelium of this fungus. Formalin
solution (0.5%) is subsequently being sprayed. Appropriate ventilation ought
to be organized together with water being sprayed a couple of times every day.
HARVESTING OF CROP

Mushroom Pinhead initiation starts after 10-12 days and


mushroom crop harvested in 50-60 days.
Harvest Mushrooms by light twisting without bothering
the casing soil and  When the harvesting is finished then
fill the gap on beds with fresh, sterilized casing material
and spray water.
The crop should be harvested before the gills available
because this might diminish its quality and market worth.

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