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1.3 Physical Design of IoT

1.3 Physical Design of IoT

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1K views19 pages

1.3 Physical Design of IoT

1.3 Physical Design of IoT

Uploaded by

lakshmi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SNS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

Coimbatore-35
An Autonomous Institution

Accredited by NBA – AICTE and Accredited by NAAC – UGC with ‘A+’ Grade
Approved by AICTE, New Delhi & Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING


19ECT213- IoT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

II B.E. ECE /1 IV SEMESTER

UNIT 1 – BASICS OF IoT


TOPIC 3 –PHYSICAL DESIGN OF IoT
IoT

BASICS TO IoT /19ECT213- IoT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE/LAKSHMI.S.V/ECE/SNSCT 2/19


INTERNET OF THINKS

• Basically Things refers to IoT Devices which have unique identities


and can perform remote sensing, actuating and monitoring
capabilities. 

• Things are is main part of IoT Application. IoT Devices can be


various type, Sensing Devices, Smart Watches, Smart Electronics
appliances, Wearable Sensors, Automobiles, and industrial machines.

• These devices generate data in some forms or the other which when
processed by data analytics systems leads to useful information to
guide further actions locally or remotely.

BASICS TO IoT /19ECT213- IoT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE/LAKSHMI.S.V/ECE/SNSCT 3/19


GENERIC BLOCK DIAGRAM OF IOT

BASICS TO IoT /19ECT213- IoT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE/LAKSHMI.S.V/ECE/SNSCT 4/19


INTERNET OF THINKS

• For example, Temperature data generated by a Temperature Sensor in


Home or other place, when processed can help in determining
temperature and take action according to users.

• The generic block diagram of IoT device. It may consist of several


interfaces for connections to other devices. IoT Device has I/O interface
for Sensors, Similarly for Internet connectivity, Storage and Audio/Video.

• IoT Device collect data from on-board or attached Sensors and Sensed
data communicated either to other device or Cloud based sever.

BASICS TO IoT /19ECT213- IoT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE/LAKSHMI.S.V/ECE/SNSCT 5/19


IOT CLOUD PLATFORMS

Today many cloud servers available for especially IoT System. These
Platfrom  known as IoT Platform. Actually these cloud especially
design for IoT purpose. So here we can analysis and processed data
easily.

BASICS TO IoT /19ECT213- IoT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE/LAKSHMI.S.V/ECE/SNSCT 6/19


IoT PROTOCOLS

BASICS TO IoT /19ECT213- IoT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE/LAKSHMI.S.V/ECE/SNSCT 7/19


IoT PROTOCOLS

IoT protcols help to establish Communication between IoT Device (Node


Device) and Cloud based Server over the Internet. It help to sent commands to
IoT Device and received data from an IoT device over the Internet.

BASICS TO IoT /19ECT213- IoT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE/LAKSHMI.S.V/ECE/SNSCT 8/19


LINK LAYER

•Link layer protocols determine how data is physically sent over the
network’s physical layer or medium (Coxial calbe or other or radio wave).
This Layer determines how the packets are coded and signaled by the
hardware device over the medium to which the host is attached (eg. coxial
cable).

•802.3 – Ethernet : Ethernet is a set of technologies and protocols that are


used primarily in LANs. It was first standardized in 1980s by IEEE 802.3
standard.

•802.11 – WiFi : IEEE 802.11 is part of the IEEE 802 set of LAN
protocols, and specifies the set of media access control (MAC) and
physical layer (PHY) protocols for implementing wireless local area
network (WLAN) Wi-Fi
BASICS TO IoT /19ECT213- IoT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE/LAKSHMI.S.V/ECE/SNSCT 9/19
LINK LAYER

• 802.16 – Wi-Max : The standard for WiMAX technology is a standard for


Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks (WMANs) that has been developed by
working group number 16 of IEEE 802, specializing in point-to-multipoint
broadband wireless access.

• 802.15.4 -LR-WPAN : A collection of standards for Low-rate wireless


personal area network. The IEEE’s 802.15.4 standard defines the MAC and
PHY layer used by, but not limited to, networking specifications such as
Zigbee®, 6LoWPAN, Thread, WiSUN and MiWi™ protocols.

BASICS TO IoT /19ECT213- IoT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE/LAKSHMI.S.V/ECE/SNSCT 10/19


NETWORK LAYER

Responsible for sending of IP datagrams from the source network to the


destination network. Network layer performs the host addressing and packet
routing. We used IPv4 and IPv6 for Host identification. IPv4 and IPv6 are
hierarchical IP addrssing schemes.

BASICS TO IoT /19ECT213- IoT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE/LAKSHMI.S.V/ECE/SNSCT 11/19


TRANSPORT LAYER

•This layer provides functions such as error control, segmentation, flow


control and congestion control. So this layer protocols provide end-to-
end message transfer capability independent of the underlying network.

BASICS TO IoT /19ECT213- IoT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE/LAKSHMI.S.V/ECE/SNSCT 12/19


APPLICATION LAYER

• Application layer protocols define how the applications interface with the
lower layer protocols to send over the network.

BASICS TO IoT /19ECT213- IoT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE/LAKSHMI.S.V/ECE/SNSCT 13/19


ACTIVITY TIME!

BASICS TO IoT /19ECT213- IoT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE/LAKSHMI.S.V/ECE/SNSCT 14/19


HISTORY OF IOT

•1970- The actual idea of connected devices was proposed


•1990- John Romkey created a toaster which could be turned on/off over the Internet
•1995- Siemens introduced the first cellular module built for M2M
•1999- The term "Internet of Things" was used by Kevin Ashton during his work at
P&G which became widely accepted
•2004 - The term was mentioned in famous publications like the Guardian, Boston
Globe, and Scientific American
•2005-UN's International Telecommunications Union (ITU) published its first report
on this topic.
•2008- The Internet of Things was born
•2011- Gartner, the market research company, include "The Internet of Things"
technology in their research

BASICS TO IoT /19ECT213- IoT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE/LAKSHMI.S.V/ECE/SNSCT 15/19


CHALLENGES OF IOT

At present IoT is faced with many challenges, such as:

•Insufficient testing and updating


•Concern regarding data security and privacy
•Software complexity
•Data volumes and interpretation
•Integration with AI and automation
•Devices require a constant power supply which is difficult
•Interaction and short-range communication

BASICS TO IoT /19ECT213- IoT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE/LAKSHMI.S.V/ECE/SNSCT 16/19


MODERN APPLICATIONS
1. Smart Grids
2. Smart cities
3. Smart homes
4. Healthcare
5. Earthquake detection
6. Radiation detection/hazardous gas detection
7. Smartphone detection
8. Water flow monitoring

BASICS TO IoT /19ECT213- IoT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE/LAKSHMI.S.V/ECE/SNSCT 17/19


ADVANTAGES

BASICS TO IoT /19ECT213- IoT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE/LAKSHMI.S.V/ECE/SNSCT 18/19


THANK YOU

BASICS TO IoT /19ECT213- IoT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE/LAKSHMI.S.V/ECE/SNSCT 19/19

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