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Lecture 11

This document provides an overview of power system stability. It discusses different types of stability including rotor angle stability, small signal stability, transient stability, and voltage stability. It explains that power system stability is the ability to maintain equilibrium during normal operation and after disturbances. The swing equation, which describes the relative motion of the rotor in terms of load angle, is also presented. Key factors that determine stability like initial conditions, network topology, and fault severity are outlined.

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Asikur Hasan Saumik
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45 views19 pages

Lecture 11

This document provides an overview of power system stability. It discusses different types of stability including rotor angle stability, small signal stability, transient stability, and voltage stability. It explains that power system stability is the ability to maintain equilibrium during normal operation and after disturbances. The swing equation, which describes the relative motion of the rotor in terms of load angle, is also presented. Key factors that determine stability like initial conditions, network topology, and fault severity are outlined.

Uploaded by

Asikur Hasan Saumik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Power Systems Analysis

LECTURE 11
POWER SYSTEM
STABILITY
Prepared By
Kazi Firoz Ahmed​
Sr. Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE​
American International University-Bangladesh (AIUB)
Email: k.firoz@aiub.edu​
POWER SYSTEM
STABILITY
Power system stability may be broadly defined as that property that
enables it to remain in state of operating equilibrium (a state in
which opposing forces or influences are balanced) under normal
operating conditions and to regain an acceptable state of
equilibrium after being subjected to a disturbance.
Power system Stability studies which evaluate the impact of
disturbances on the electromechanical dynamic behavior of the
power system.
Traditionally, Stability problem has been one of maintaining the
synchronous operation
FACTORS DECIDING POWER SYSTEM
ABILITY PHENOMENON
Power system stability recognized as an
important study to maintain system security
for secured system operation. The factors are
• Initial operating conditions
• Network topology
• Nature of disturbances such as type of fault,
location of the fault, severity of the
disturbance.
FUNDAMENTAL ASSUMPTION IN
STABILITY STUDIES
• Only synchronous frequency currents and
voltages are considered in the stator windings
and the power system. Consequently, dc offset
current and harmonic components are
neglected.
• Symmetrical components are used in the
representation of unbalanced faults.
• Generated voltage is considered unaffected by
machine speed variation.
ROTOR ANGLE
STABILITY
Rotor angle stability is the ability of
interconnected synchronous machines of a
power system to remain in synchronism.
A fundamental factor in this problem is that
manner in which the power outputs of
synchronous machines vary as their rotors
oscillate.
Basic Concept of “Synchronous machine”.
Contd(…)
 In general, the term "field windings" applies to
the windings that produces the main magnetic
field in a machine, and the term "armature
windings" applies to the windings where the
main voltage is induced.
 Synchronous generators are by definition
synchronous, meaning that the
frequency produced electrical
synchronized with is
mechanical
locked rate
in or of
the
rotation of the generator.
Contd(…)
CONTD(…)
(a) SMALL SIGNAL STABILITY
It is the ability of the power system to maintain
synchronism under small disturbances.
 Local Modes
 Interarea modes
 Control modes
 Torsional Modes
(b) Transient Stability
It is the ability of the power system to maintain
synchronism when subjected to a severe
transient disturbances.
VOLTAGE
STABILITY
 Voltage stability is the ability of a power system to
maintain steady acceptable voltages at all buses in the
system under normal operating conditions and after
being subjected to a disturbance.
 The main factor causing instability is the inability of the
power system to meet the demand for reactive power.
 The heart of the problem is usually the voltage drop
that occurs when active power and reactive power flow
through inductive reactances associated with the
transmission network.
SWING
 EQUATION
The equation describing the relative motion of the rotor in
terms of load angle (δ) with respect to the stator field as a
function of time is known as swing equation.
 It is second order non linear differential equation.

 Swing equation governing rotor motion of a synchronous


machine is based on the elementary principle in dynamics
which states the accelerating torque is the product of the
moment of inertia of the rotor times its angular
acceleration.
The differential equation governing the rotor dynamics can be written as,
Now

Hence,

With M is defined, we can write

This equation is known as Swing Equation and it describes the rotor dynamics.
It is a second order differential equation.
EXERCISE FROM SWING
EQUATION

Solution:
References:
1. Modern Power System Analysis by DP Kothari and IJ Nagrath
Chapter 12
2. Power System Analysis by Hadi Saadat
Chapter 11

END

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