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Antiderivatives

The document discusses antiderivatives and integration. It provides: 1) The definition of an antiderivative as the function whose derivative is the original function. 2) Examples of using power rules to find antiderivatives based on the derivative. 3) General rules and formulas for integration, including that antiderivatives differ by a constant.

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Alberca Arve jade
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206 views21 pages

Antiderivatives

The document discusses antiderivatives and integration. It provides: 1) The definition of an antiderivative as the function whose derivative is the original function. 2) Examples of using power rules to find antiderivatives based on the derivative. 3) General rules and formulas for integration, including that antiderivatives differ by a constant.

Uploaded by

Alberca Arve jade
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Antiderivatives

Discovery of Power Rule for


Antiderivatives
If f ‘ (x) = 4 x3  9 x 2  2 x  3
Then f(x) = x 4  3x 3  x 2  3x

If f ‘ (x) =
Then f(x) =

If f ‘ (x) =  4 x 2  3x  5
Then f(x) = 4 3 3 2
x  x  5x
3 2
n 1
n x
Antiderivative of x 
n 1
Differentiation
Integration

The process of finding


a derivative The process of finding
the antiderivative
Tells us the
variable of
Integral integration
Symbols:
Symbols:
dy
dx
, y' , f ' ( x)  f ( x)dx

Integrand
 f ( x)dx is the indefinite integral of f(x) with respect to x.

Each function has more than one antiderivative (actually infinitely many)

Derivative of: x 3  3x 2
x 3  6  3x 2
x 3  4  3x 2
x 3  58  3 x 2
The
antiderivatives
vary by a
constant!
General Solution for an Indefinite
Integral

 f ( x)dx  F ( x)  C
You will lose points if Where c is a constant
you forget dx or + C!!!
Basic Integration Formulas
n 1
x  cot ax
 dx  n  1  C
n
x
 csc (ax)dx  a  C
2

 kdx  kx  C sec ax
 cos ax
 (sec ax tan ax)dx  a  C
 sin(ax)dx  a  C
 csc ax
sin ax
 cos(ax)dx  a  C  (csc ax cot ax)dx  a  C
tan ax
 sec (ax)dx  a  C
2
Find:  cos 2 x
 sin 2 xdx  2  C
x6
 dx  C
5
x
6

You can always check


your answer by x
sin
differentiating! x 2 x
 cos 2 dx  1  C  2 sin 2  C
2
1 1 1

 x
dx  x 2 dx  2 x 2  C  2 x  C

Basic Integration Rules

 kf ( x ) dx  k  f ( x ) dx

  f ( x )  g ( x ) dx   f ( x ) dx   g ( x ) dx
Evaluate:
 5 x 
3
 x 2  6 x  4 dx

  5 x 3 dx   x 2 dx   6 xdx   4dx

 5 x 3 dx   x 2 dx  6 xdx   4dx

 x4   x3   x2 
 5  C     C   6  C   4 x  C
 4   3   2 
5x 4 x3 2
   3x  4 x  C C represents
4 3 any constant
Evaluate:

 x 3 dx
5

8
3
x 5 8
5 5
x 5
 C  x C
8 8
5
Evaluate:
 4 sin x  3 cos x dx
 4 sin xdx  3 cos xdx

 4 cos x  C  3 sin x  C

 4 cos x  3 sin x  C
Evaluate:

 3  x  dx
2 2

  9  6 x 2  x 4 dx
5
x
 9 x  2 x3   C
5
x5
  2 x3  9 x  C
5
Evaluate:
sin x
 cos 2 x dx
1 sin x
  dx
cos x cos x

  sec x  tan xdx

 sec x  C
Particular Solutions
1
f ' ( x)  2 and F(1) = 0
x
1 1
F ( x)   2 dx F (1)    C  0
x 1
F ( x)   x 2 dx C 1
x 1
F ( x)  C 1
1 F ( x)    1
x
1
F ( x)    C
x

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