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Uniform and Non Uniform Motion

The maximum height it could be thrown from is 78.4 m.

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ちゃんミカ
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340 views31 pages

Uniform and Non Uniform Motion

The maximum height it could be thrown from is 78.4 m.

Uploaded by

ちゃんミカ
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Uniform

and

Non-Uniform
Motion
Basic equations to derive formulae used in
Uniformly Accelerated Motion(UAM).
where:
v = velocity
vf = final velocity
vi = initial velocity
Vave = average
velocity
d = displacement
t = time
a = acceleration
SAMPLE PROBLEM 1:

A car travels 1000m west and does it


in 80s. What is the cars velocity?

Ans: v = 12.5 m/s west


SAMPLE PROBLEM 2:

You drive in a straight line at 10m/s for 1.0 hour,


and then you drive in a straight line at 20m/s for
1.0 hour south. What is your average velocity?

Ans: Vave= 15 m/s south


SAMPLE PROBLEM:

Julio starts sliding with a velocity of 8m/s


south. After 4 seconds, his velocity is 24m/s
south. What is Julio’s acceleration?

Ans: a = 4m/s south 2


Derivation:
To find out how displacement changes
with time when an object is uniformly
accelerated, rearrange equation A to
arrive at d = vt.
d = vt
Since the velocity of the object changes
Equation D
when it is uniformly accelerating, we

d =( )t
use the average velocity to determine
displacement, so substituting v by vave in
equation B, you will get:
Derivation:
Rearrange equation C
to arrive at vf = vi +at
and substituting the vf in
equation D, you will get:

Vf = Vi + at
Derivation: Simplifying further will provide
you:
Combining vi, you will
arrive at:

Distributing t will give you


Derivation:
This shows that the displacement
of the body is directly proportional d = vt t = vf - vi
to the square of time. This a
confirms that for equal interval of
time, displacemment increases d = (vf + vi)(vf - vi)
quadratically.
2 a
To find out how final velocity
depends on the displacement, Recall from your algebra
substitute v and t from equatios B class that
and C to d=vt and you will find that: (a+b) (a-b) = a2 - b2
Derivation:
d = (vf + vi)(vf - vi) Equation F
2 a
vf = vi + 2ad
2 2

d = (vf - vi )
2 2
Rearranging you will get:
2a
Simplifying, you will get:
What are the six
derived equations?
derived equations:
Equation D d= t
Sample problem 1:
To apply the derive equations, study the following problems.

An airplane from rest


accelerates on a runway Given:
at 5.50 m/s for 20.25 s
2 a = 5.50 m/s2
t = 20.25 s
until it finally takes off
vi = 0 m/s
the ground. What is the
distance covered before Find: d = ?
takeoff?
Sample problem 1:
To apply the derive equations, study the following problems.
An airplane from rest accelerates on a runway at 5.50 m/s2 for
20.25 s until it finally takes off the ground. What is the distance
covered before takeoff?

d = vit + ½ at 2

d = (0 m/s)(20.25 s)+ ½ (5.50 m/s )(20.25 s) 2 2

d = 1128 m
Sample problem 2:
A jeepney from rest accelerates uniformly over a
time of 3.25 seconds and covers a distance of 15 m .
Determine the acceleration of the jeepney?
Given: d = vit + ½ at2

vi = 0 m/s 15 m = (0 m/s)(3.25 s)+ ½ a (3.25 s) 2


d = 15 m
t = 3.25 s
15 m = (5.28s2) a
a = (15 m) / (5.28 s2)
Find: a= ?
a = 2.8 m/s 2
Sample problem 3:
To apply the derive equations, study the following problems.
You are driving to go to supermarket. While at rest you place your
foot on the gas and applied an acceleration of 2.5 m/s 2 . What will
be your velocity after 10 s? how far did you travel?

Given: Vf = Vi + at
a = 2.5 m/s2
t = 10s vf = (0 m/s) + (2.5 m/s2)(10s)
vi = 0 m/s
vf = (2.5 m/s2)(10s)
Find: Vf = ? vf = 25 m/s
Sample problem 3:
To apply the derive equations, study the following problems.
You are driving to go to supermarket. While at rest you place your
foot on the gas and applied an acceleration of 2.5 m/s 2 . What will
be your velocity after 10 s? How far did you travel?

Given:
a = 2.5 m/s2
t = 10s d = (0 m/s)(10s) + 0.5 (2.5 m/s2)(10s)2
vi = 0 m/s d = 0.5 (2.5 m/s2)(100s2)
d = 0.5 (250 m)
Find: d = ?
d = 125 m
Uniformly Accelerated
motion (uam):

vertical
DIMENSION
vertical Motion
When examining strictly vertical
motion, the acceleration will be
the ACCELERATION DUE TO
EARTH's GRAVITY which is
CONSTANT.
a = - 9.8 m/s 2
vertical Motion

what is gravity?
It is a natural force that causes
things to fall towards the Earth.
On Earth, it gives weight to a
physical object.
vertical Motion
The comparison of formulae
between horizontal and
vertical formulae in: h= d= vit + ½ agt 2

Vertical Dimension Sample Equations w/ ag:


The corresponding
displacement (d) and vi = vf + agt
acceleration (a) for vertical
dimension is height (h) and vf = vi + agt
acceleration due to gravity
(ag) respectively. vf = vi + 2agh
2 2
Practice 1:
Zed is playing with a ball on top of a building
but the ball fell and hits the ground after 2.6
seconds. What is the final velocity of the ball
just before it hits the ground and how high is
the building?
Given:
ag = -9.8 m/s2
assume vi = 0 m/s Find: vf = ? h= ?
t = 2.6 s
solution:
What is the final velocity of the
ball just before it hits the ground?
vf = vi (0) + agt
vf = (-9.8 m/s )(2.6 s)
2

vf = -26 m/s
solution:
How high is the building?
d = vi (0) t + ½ agt
2

h = - [0.5 (-9.8 m/s )(2.6 s) ]


2 2

h = - [0.5 (-9.8 m/s2)(6.76s2)]


h = - [0.5 (- 66.25 m)]
h = 33 m
Practice 2:
The Philippine tarsier is capable of jumping to
a height of 1.5 m in hunting for food.
Determine the takeoff speed of the tarsier.
At the highest point, velocity of the tarsier is zero.
Given:
vf2 = vi2 + 2ah
a = -9.8 m/s2 (0 m/s)2 = vi 2 + 2(-9.8m/s2)(1.5m)
h = 1.5 m
0 m2/s2 = vi 2 – 29.4 m2/s2
Find: vi = ? 29.4 m2/s2 = vi 2
problem 1:
John throws the ball straight upward
and after 1 second it reaches its
maximum height then it does free fall
motion which takes 2 seconds.
Calculate the maximum height of the
ball thrown until it reaches the
ground, and final velocity of the ball
before it crashes the ground.
Solution 1:
what is the maximum height of the ball
thrown until it reaches the ground?
d = vi (0) t + ½ agt
2

d = - [0.5 (- 9.8 m/s2) (2 s)2]


d = - [0.5 (- 9.8 m/s ) (4 s )]
2 2

d = - [0.5 (- 39.2 m)]


d = 19.6 m
Solution 1:
what is the final velocity of the ball
before it crashes the ground?
vf = vi (0) + agt
vf = (-9.8 m/s )(2 s)
2

vf = - 19.6 m/s
problem 2:
An object does free fall
motion. It hits the
ground after 4 seconds.
Calculate the velocity of
the object after 4 seconds.
What can be the height it is
thrown?
Solution 2:

d = ½ agt2
vf = vi (0) + agt d = - [0.5 (- 9.8 m/s2) (4 s)2 ]
vf = (-9.8 m/s )(4 s)
2 d = - [0.5 (- 9.8 m/s2) (16 s2)]
d = - [0.5 (- 156.8 m)]
vf = - 39.2 m/s d = 78.4 m

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