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Module 5

The document discusses the definitions and components of electrical service entrance and grounding systems. It defines service entrance as the portion of supply conductors extending from the street to the building supply. Service entrance can be either overhead, using a service drop from a utility pole to the building, or underground, using a raceway from the property line. The document also discusses feeders, mains, single and three phase systems, voltage differences, and the reasons for grounding electrical circuits.

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aguilar.anthony05122021
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64 views18 pages

Module 5

The document discusses the definitions and components of electrical service entrance and grounding systems. It defines service entrance as the portion of supply conductors extending from the street to the building supply. Service entrance can be either overhead, using a service drop from a utility pole to the building, or underground, using a raceway from the property line. The document also discusses feeders, mains, single and three phase systems, voltage differences, and the reasons for grounding electrical circuits.

Uploaded by

aguilar.anthony05122021
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SERVICE ENTRANCE

Service Entrance is defined as that portion of the


supply conductors which extends from the street main
duct or transformer to the service or switchboard of
the building supply. The National Electrical Code (NEC)
defined service entrance as “ the conductor and
equipment for delivering energy from the electricity
supply system to the wiring system of the premises
served.”
SERVICE ENTRANCE IS EITHER”
1. Overhead service
2. Underground service
Overhead Service Entrance is the common type of
service wire installed by electric power supply companies
for industrial, commercial and residential houses. A
service drop, is connected from the nearest utility pole
to the building service entrance point and enter the
building through the weather head, down to the electric
power meter.
Underground Service Entrance, consists of a raceway
(conduit) extending from the building to the property
line where it is tapped to the main. A low voltage cable is
not advisable for installation in a concrete enveloped
raceway, except when the service equipment is not at
the point at which the underground run meets the
building.
OVERHEAD SERVICE ENTRANCDE
UNDERGROUND
SERVICE ENTRANCE
ELECTRIC SERVICE METERING
Electric Meter is generally installed outside the building
at the property line wall, or electric post for ready access
to the meter reader, making it more difficult to tamper
or to install jumpers.

FEEDER
The National Electrical Code define Feeder as “ All circuit
conductors between the service equipment or the
generator switchboard of an isolated plant, and the final
branch circuit over current device.”
FEEDER IS INSTALLED UNDER THE FOLLOWING
CONSIDERATIONS:
1. On large installation, each floor is provided with
one feeder.
2. In small installation, 1 or 2 feeder is satisfactory.
3. Feeder for electrical motor shall be
independent and totally separated from the light
circuits.
4. Feeders requiring more than 50mm (2”)
diameter conduit pipe should not be used.
5.Feeders shall be sub-divided if there are several
bends or offsets on the line. A 50mm conduit pipe is the
largest diameter that could be economically used.
6. Feeder radiating from the distribution panel,
shall be provided each with a property rated switch
and circuit breaker.
7. Good practice dictates that, feeders and main
shall be installed inside a conduit pipe as it carries high
voltage that requires special protection.
THE MAIN
The main is a feeder interior wiring extending from the
service switch, generator bus, or converter bus, to the
main distribution center or electric service equipment.
LOCATION OF SERVICE EQUIPMENT
1. The service equipment should be centrally
located to shorten all home runs. Branch circuit run in
excess of 30 meters will have an excessive voltage drop.
2. Accessible and convenient to approach
In residential houses, it is located near the heaviest load
center such as the kitchen and the laundry area.
SINGLE AND THREE PHASE ELECTRICITY
The Three Phase AC electricity, is a Triple Circuit.
The lighting and outlet loads are connected between any
phase leg and neutral line. Machineries and other bigger
loads are connected to the phase leg only. The three
phase system, is used in building where the loads exceed
50 Kva, or where it is required for bigger load such as
motors and machineries.
A Single Phase alternating current (AC) can either
be 2 or 3 wires. However, a 3 phase AC has 3 or 4 wires
consisting of 3 hot legs designated as A, B and C plus
neutral wire designated with letter N. The common
electrical circuit serving residential building is two wires
receptacle circuit that feeds the ceiling and wall plug.
ADVANTAGES OF THE THREE PHASE SYSTEM
1. The 120 volt is for lighting and receptacles outlet
only.
2. The 240 volt is for bigger loads.
3. Voltage drop is lower
4. Smaller wire is used
SYSTEM AND UTILIZATION VOLTAGE
The System Voltage is the power supplied by
company like Meralco and Electric Cooperative or what
the transformer produces. Utilization Voltage on the
other hand, is the current being utilized after some
normal voltage drop.
REASONS FOR GROUNDING THE CIRCUIT SYSTEM
1. To prevent sustained contact between the low
voltage secondary line and the high voltage primary line
in case of insulation fire.
2. To prevent single grounds from being unnoticed
or detected until a second ground occurs which could
totally disable the secondary line.
3. To facilitate in locating the ground faults.
4. To protect against a short sudden rush of
electric current in the circuit.
5. To establish a neutral at zero potential not to be
interrupted by switches or other devices.
6. To connect the service entrance to ground only
at one point and to use colored wires for easy
identification.
SERVICE GROUNDING

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