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Louie Gwapa

This document discusses cultural variation, relativism, and ethnocentrism. It begins by defining cultural variation as the rich diversity in social patterns between human groups around the world. It then explains cultural universals as traits common to all societies, such as family units. The document discusses how assessment of a culture depends on one's own cultural lens and perspectives, and advocates for cultural relativism in understanding different cultures based on their own standards rather than one's own. It outlines advantages of cultural relativism in promoting cooperation, respect, and preserving human cultures without judgement. The document concludes that culture is always evolving with new additions and changes occurring.

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Louie John Pagayon
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122 views22 pages

Louie Gwapa

This document discusses cultural variation, relativism, and ethnocentrism. It begins by defining cultural variation as the rich diversity in social patterns between human groups around the world. It then explains cultural universals as traits common to all societies, such as family units. The document discusses how assessment of a culture depends on one's own cultural lens and perspectives, and advocates for cultural relativism in understanding different cultures based on their own standards rather than one's own. It outlines advantages of cultural relativism in promoting cooperation, respect, and preserving human cultures without judgement. The document concludes that culture is always evolving with new additions and changes occurring.

Uploaded by

Louie John Pagayon
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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You are on page 1/ 22

UNDERSTANDING

CULTURE SOCIETY
AND POLITICS

Presented by: Louie John Pagayon


Objectives
define cultural variation, cultural relativism and
ethnocentrism; and

explain the importance of cultural relativism in


attaining cultural understanding.
Activity 1
Chef be Like!
You are a chef in the world food exhibit. The exhibit aims to
showcase how local cuisines have adapted the techniques of other
culinary traditions. As a delegate of the Philippine team, you will
select dishes that represents the fusion of our local delicacy, Which
among the following suggested cuisines you will select? After
selecting, discuss the influences of the cuisine to sets of judges
who will evaluate your presentation
Exotic foods

BALOT ADOBONG ABUOS LECHON BUWAYA PHYTHON ADOBO


(Ants Eggs) (Roasted Crocodile) (Adobong Sawa)
Cultural variation
Cultural Variation
Cultural Variation refers to the rich diversity in social patterns
that different human group exhibit around the world. Music,
dance, languages, cuisine, and art are different from one
culture to another.

The variation in human conditions promotes diversity in


cultural traditions What may be considered good practice in
one culture may be considered bad practice in one another.
Cultural Universals
Cultural Universal
Cultural Universals are patterns or traits that are globally
common to all societies,

One example of cultural universal is the family unit. Every


human group recognizes family as the building blocks of
the society that regulates sexual reproduction and care of
their children.

Another example of cultural universal is the language and


the concept of giving names to member of the family.
Variation between
Cultures
Variation between culture

1. Subculture is a culture that is shared with a distinctive pattern of mores.


folkways, and values which differ from a larger society. The group of society
who exhibit subculture have a specific and unique set of beliefs and values
that set them apart from the dominant culture.
Hanukah Cockfighting
is lesser Jewish festivallasting 8 days is a blood sport inwhich two roosters
from the 25 day of Kislev (in December) specifically bred for aggression are placed
and commemorating the rededication of beak to benk in a small ring and
the Temple in 165BC by the Maccabees encouraged to fight to the death.
after its desecration by the Syrians. It is
marked by the successive kindling of &
lights
Counter Culture

in a culture practice by groups whose values and


norms place it at odds with mainstream society or a
group that actively rejects the dominant cultural
values and norms.
Example:
Paramilitary is a semi-militarized force whose
organizational structure, tactics, trainings, and
functions are similar to professional military and
not included as a parts of formal armed forces like
NPA and ISIS groups.
Variation between culture

High Culture Popular Culture


is a culture practiced and is a culture practiced or
patronized by the upper patronized by the middle
classes of the society. and working classes of the
society.

Example Example
watching opera, classical Watching soap opera over the
music and live theater televisions, movies and rock
concerts
Many cultures around the world believe that their beliefs, practices are in fact superior to that of

others. This mentality sometime leads to discrimination and ostracism.

Ethnocentrism
Ethnocentrism is the regard that one's own culture and society is the
center of everything and seen as the most efficient and superior
among the cultures in the world.

Culture Shock
Culture Shock is the feeling of disoriented, uncertain, out of
place or even fearful when immersed in an unfamiliar culture.
Ethnocentrism
A person who exhibits ethnocentrism feels that his or her culture
is correct and appropriate as compared to other cultures thus an
ethnocentric attitude can be a problem in understanding each
other culture and foster tensions, misunderstanding and conflicts
between societies.Ethnocentrism can be so strong but when
confronted with all of the differences of a new culture, one may
experience culture shock.
Culture Shock
As people experience unanticipated differences from their own
culture, their excitement gives way to discomfort and doubts how
to behave appropriately in the new situation. However, while
people learn more about the culture, eventually they will recover
from culture shockCulture shocks may appear because people
aren't always expecting cultural differences. People evaluate the
particular culture based on their own culture which often gives
problems and bias due to his or her own perspective that his or
her culture is the efficient and appropriate for the environment.
Cultural Relativism
Cultural Relativism is the practice by assessing a culture by its own standards rather than viewing
it through the lens of one's own culture. It is the practice that one must understand in the context
of their locality. Practicing cultural realism requires an open mind and a willingness to consider,
and even adapt to new values and norms.

Using the lens of cultural relativism, members of the society can be more tolerant towards
different attitudes and practices of others' culture. It also promotes the idea that a society has to be
viewed from inside so that the inner aspects can be explained

Ferraro and Andretta as mentioned by Custodio advocate that cultural relativism is more culturally
relative approach in understanding human group. They said that one can build emotional resilience
by understanding one's culture by not necessarily mean to offend them but be guided by their own
cultural norms.
Advantages of Cultural
Relativism:

1. It promotes cooperation Embracing the differences of the different society


can create cooperation because it allows a stronger bond with one another
in the society.
2. Respect and Equality is encouraged. People from different culture with
different ideas that share their own perspectives and experiences in the
society can promote respect and equality
Advantages of Cultural
Relativism:

3. It preserves human cultures. Respect with the diverse set of traditions.


ideas and practices would help preserve the culture.

4. Cultural relativism creates a society without judgement. Worrying and


practicing your own culture prevent disagreement & judgement in the
society.
Understanding Culture Society and
politics
Culture is evolving. New things are added to material
cultures every day can cause cultural change.

Cultural Change is observed when new opens up new


ways of living and when new ideas enter a culture as a
result of globalization.
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING!
Don't hesitate to ask any questions!

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