Oral Communication

in Context

Nature and Elements of

Communication
Directions: Using a separate sheet of paper, write the letter of the
correct answer for each item. Label your paper as Pretest- Module 1 in
Oral Com.
1. It is a process of sharing and conveying messages or information from
one person to another within and across channels, contexts, media, and
cultures. a. communication b. speech delivery c. function d. information

2. Which of the following serves as the source of information in the

communication process? a. receiver b. message c. channel d. speaker

3. What do you call the process of converting the message into words,
actions, or other forms that the speaker understands? a. encoding b.
decoding c. context d. feedback
4. It is the process of interpreting the encoded message of the speaker by
the receiver. a. encoding b. decoding c. channel d. receiver

5. These are the reactions, responses, or information provided by the

receiver. a. barriers b. noises c. messages d. feedbacks

6. Which of these is the greatest hurdle to communication? a. barrier b.

feedback c. sender d. message

7. What do you call the environment where communication takes place?

a. message b. channel c. context d. decoding
8. The factor that affects the flow of communication is _ _. a. barrier b.
speaker c. message d. feedback

9. The following are nonverbal communications, EXCEPT: a. body

language c. whispering the message
b. facial expression d. sign language

10. What is the correct process of communication? Arrange the given

steps below.
A. The receiver gets the message.
B. The speaker encodes an idea or converts the idea into words or actions
C. The receiver sends or provides feedback.
D. The speaker generates an idea.
E. The receiver decodes or interprets the message based on the context.
F. The speaker transmits or sends out a message.
a. F-A-C-E-B-D b. D-B-F-A-E-C c. B-A-F-C-D-E d. D-B-C-E-A
Nature and Elements of
Communication
 Directions: Think of five words that you can associate with communication. Write them
down inside the box. Afterwards, in one sentence define communication from those
answers. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. Avoid answering in the module.

Definition:
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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Communication: Definition
and Nature
Communication comes from the Latin language,
communis and communicare. Communis is a noun which
means common while communicare is a verb which means to
make something common.

Communication is a broad topic. Cheney (2011) defined

communication as a process of encoding and transmitting
messages using different symbols from one sender to a
receiver. It is a process of sharing and conveying information
from one person to another within and across channels,
contexts, media, and culture to achieve the desired goal.
There is aural and oral communication. Aural refers to the ear
or hearing while oral refers to the mouth or speaking.
There are four main types of communication we use daily: verbal, nonverbal, written, and visual.
These types of communication take place in various situations. Verbal communication involves
the use of words or speech or auditory language to express emotions, thoughts, or exchange of
information while nonverbal communication involves the use of visual or nonverbal cues such as
facial expressions, eye or body movements, gestures, and many more without speaking. Below
are examples of the various methods we send and receive messages and information.
We already have learned the definition of
communication. Now, let us explore its nature.
Communication is one of the basic activities of
man. It is something that we cannot live without.
Moreover, it is important to be able to share our
thoughts, feelings likewise hear the opinions and
ideas of the people around for us to maintain a
harmonious relationship. Thus, we can avoid
misunderstandings.
Nature of Communication
1. Communication is a process.
2. Communication occurs between two or
more people (the speaker and the receiver).
3. Communication can be expressed through
words (verbal), actions (nonverbal), or both
at the same time.
Elements of Communication
1. Speaker The source of information or message
2. Message the information, ideas, or thoughts conveyed
by the speaker in words or in actions
3. Encoding the process of converting the message into
actions or other forms that the speaker understands
4. Channel the medium or the means such as personal
or non-personal, verbal, or nonverbal through which the encoded
message is conveyed
5. Decoding the process of interpreting the encoded
message of the speaker by the receiver
6. Receiver the recipient of the message or someone
who decodes the message
7. Feedback the reactions, responses, or information
provided by the receiver
8. Context the environment where communication takes
place
9. Barrier the factor that affects the flow of
communication.
The communication process refers to the
transmission or passage of information or
message from the sender through selected
channel to the receiver overcoming the barriers
that effect its pace.

The process of communication is a cyclic one as

it begins with the center and ends with the sender
in the form of feedback.
 Here is a sample process of communication.

Process of Communication Examples

The speaker generates an idea. Pia feels guilty after she accidentally broke her
brother’s favorite guitar.

The speaker encodes an idea or converts She thinks of how to tell him about the incident
the idea into words or actions. using their mother tongue.

The speaker transmits or sends out a She tells her brother, “Kuya Lorenze nabuak ko
baya ang imong paboritong guitara pero
message. aksidente ra jud wala tuyoa. Pasayloa ko.”

The receiver gets the message. Kuya Lorenze hears what Pia has said.

The receiver decodes or interprets the

message based on the context.
The receiver decodes or interprets the message based on He tries to analyze what she means, and he
the context. was a bit sad.

The receiver sends or prohibits feedback. Kuya Lorenze frowns but forgives his sister
because it was an accident. It was not
intentionally done.
Functions of Communication
Communication is categorized as a human skill. Its function
refers to how we use the language for different purposes
and contexts using various media. Communication is a way
a person conveys information to someone else. When we
say information, it can be facts, ideas, concepts, opinions,
attitudes, and emotions. Communication is very important
because it is the only way we can work together
harmoniously. There are five functions of communication
namely control, social interaction, motivation, emotional
expression, information dissemination.
 We should be careful
with the choice of
words we say. Say the
right ones at the proper
time, place, and
person. The “right”
words can mean the
difference between
being misunderstood
and being clear in your
communication.
FUNCTIONS OF
COMMUNICATION
 FUNCTIONS OF COMMUNICATION

• Social • Motivation • Emotional

• Control Expression
• Information
Interaction

Functions Allows Motivates or Facilitates Functions to

individuals encourages people’s convey
to control expression of
to interact to live better information
behavior their feelings
with others and emotions
 FUNCTIONS OF COMMUNICATION
• Control
• Social Interaction
• Motivation
• Emotional Expression
• Information Dissemination

Functions to control behavior

Allows individuals to interact with others
Motivates or encourages to live better
Facilitates people’s expression of their
feelings and emotions
Functions to convey information
 Remember, words can be so harsh. It can
make or break a person; therefore, think first
before you speak. Make sure you have uttered
the right words. Sometimes, it does not matter
what you say, but how you say it. Be sensitive
and considerate.
 Directions: Determine the function of communication that must be employed in each
scenario below. Afterwards, write an utterance that best fits in each function. Write your
answer on a separate sheet.

Scenario 1. A foreigner has visited your place and he is so eager to know more about
the people and the community. He is asking what activities he can do while he is on
vacation.
Function of Communication
_______________________________________________ What will you say?
___________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

Scenario 2. In one of the tests, you notice your best friend cheating.

Function of Communication
_______________________________________________ What will you say?
___________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Scenario 3. You notice that your classmate has incurred a lot of
absences.
Obviously, she is depressed because she broke up with her boyfriend.

Function of Communication
_______________________________________________ What will you say?
___________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

Scenario 4. You heard negative rumors about you. You know in

yourself that those were not true. What is the ideal thing to do? Will
you just be quiet and keep it to yourself or you confront the person
who started it?

Function of Communication
_______________________________________________ What will you say?
___________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
 Scenario 5. A transferee in your class has been so
silent for a week because he is being left out by the
group as he is new in school. What must you do?

Function of Communication
_______________________________________________ What will you say?
___________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Directions. Read the questions below and explain what
they mean. Write you answer on a separate sheet.
1. Explain the nature and the process of communication.

Scenario 5. A transferee in your class has been so silent

for a week because he is being left out by the group as he
is new in school. What must you do? Function of
Communication
_ What will you say?
 I. Directions: Determine the function of communication in
each situation. Write your answer on a separate sheet.

I understand your situation,

Teacher, I am so worried
but it is not yet the end of the
. of my grades. I failed in world. Talk to your subject
most of my subjects. It teachers. Work hard and study
is because of my your lessons so you will pass
absences. I am afraid I the test and be promoted.
may not be able to cope Always have focus.
 Tomorrow, Teacher Sam will
Next time if you have conduct a remedial class at
problem, do not react to 3:00 in the afternoon.
it negatively. Bravely Proceed to Room 235 of the
face it and find Science building. Please
solutions. come on time.
Hi John, where have I am good. Thank
you been? How are you! I went to see
Teacher Liz, my
you? adviser. I need to go.
Nice meeting you.
Have a good day.
II. Directions: Compare and contrast verbal and
nonverbal communications using a Venn diagram. Write
your answer on a separate sheet.

Verbal Communication VS Nonverbal Communication

II. Directions: Based on the picture, provide a two-
sentence utterance in each function of communication
below. Write your answer on a separate sheet.
1. Control
__________________________________________
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2. Social Interaction
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3. Motivation
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4. Emotional Expression
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5. Information Dissemination
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