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Prime Movers

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78 views43 pages

Prime Movers

Uploaded by

aneir0356
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AND BIO-

PRODUCTION
SYSTEM
PRIME MOVERS IN
THE AGRICULTURAL
AND BIO-
PRODUCTION
SYSTEM
Learning Outcomes:

1. To understand the definition of Prime Movers and


Agricultural and Bio-Production Systems.

2. To recognize and differentiate the different sources of


power in the farm.
Agricultural and Bio-Production
System
Agricultural systems encompass a wide range of interconnected components.
These systems involve the production of livestock and crops—including
food, feed, fiber, and energy—while also considering the social, political,
and economic aspects.
Prime Movers
A fundamental component in various systems, including
those used on farms. It is a device that converts the available
natural source of energy into mechanical energy of motion to
drive the other machine.
Types of Prime Movers

Mechanical
 Combustion
Engines
 Diesel Engine
 Gasoline Engine
Types of Prime Movers

Mechanical Electrical

 Combustion  Electric Motors


Engines  Electromagnetic
 Diesel Engine engines

 Gasoline Engine
Types of Prime Movers

Mechanical Electrical Renewable


 Combustion
 Steam Turbine
Engines
 Electric Motors
 Wind and Water
 Diesel Engine
 Battery – Powered Turbine
 Gasoline Engine Electric Motors  Solar Cells
4 5
2 3
1
SOURCES OF POWER
4 5
2 3
1

IN THE FARM
Electrical Power
Renewable Energy

4 5
Animal Power
2 3
1 Mechanical Power

Human Power

Farm power is an essential input in agriculture for timely field operations for
increasing the production and productivity of the land.
HUMAN POWER
HUMAN POWER
The main source for operating small implements and tools at
the farm. Stationary work like chaff cutting, lifting, threshing,
winnowing, etc is also done by manual labor.
The oldest source of power on the
farm but considered a poor source
since an average man can only
develop a maximum power of
about 0.1 Hp for doing farm work
under favorable conditions.
Advantages: Easily available and
used for all types of work such as:
 plowing
 soil leveling
 constructing bunds
 drains
 crop harvesting and transporting
 grain processing and pests control,
etc.
Disadvantages:
 Costliest power compared to all other
forms of power
 very low efficiency
 requires full maintenance when not in
use
 affected by weather conditions and
seasons
Today, human power is still
considered a major source of
power on the farm because of:
 Size of farm
 Topography
 Crops grown
 High cost of equipment
 High cost and non-availability of fuel.
 Availability of low-cost labor
ANIMAL
POWER
Animals are still widely used as
a major power source in many
countries. Land preparation,
weed management, crop
threshing, and transport are
executed using animal power.
Power developed by an
average pair of bullocks
about 1 hp for usual farm
work. The average force a
drain animal can exert is
nearly one-tenth of its body
weight.
Advantages:
 Easily available
 Used for all types of work
 Low initial investment
 Supplies manure to the field
and fuels to farmers
 Multipurpose use for meat and
milk
 Cheap to maintain
Disadvantages:
 Not very efficient
 Cannot work at stretch
 Require full maintenance when
there is no farm work
 Creates an unhealthy and dirt
atmosphere near the residence
 Very slow in doing work
 Animals need feeding and
protection against pests and
disease
MECHANICAL
POWER
Mechanical power includes
stationary oil engines, tractors,
power tillers, and self-propelled
combines.
The internal combustion engine is
a good device for converting
liquid fuel into useful work
(mechanical work).
 Spark ignition engines (Petrol
or Kerosene engine)
 Compression ignition engines
(Diesel engines)
DIESEL GASOLINE
ENGINE ENGINE

A diesel engine is preferred for A petrol engine is suitable


heavy-duty vehicles, such as for lightweight, high-speed
trucks and buses, because of its vehicles, such as cars and
better fuel economy and bikes. Unlike diesel engine,
durability. It uses the high petrol engine relies on an
temperature of compressed air to electric spark to initiate
ignite the fuel. combustion.
The thermal efficiency of
the diesel engine varies
from 32 to 38 percent
whereas that of the petrol
engine varies from 25 to
32 percent.
Advantages:
 Efficiency is high
 Not affected by weather
 Can run at a stretch
 Requires less space and
cheaper form of power
 Operate in harder conditions
than animals or humans
 Operate in both wet and dry
conditions
Disadvantages:
 Initial capital
investment is high
 Fuel is costly and
repairs and maintenance
need technical
knowledge.
ELECTRICAL
POWER
Electrical power is used mostly in the form of electrical motors on the
farms. Motors are usually clean, quest and smooth running. Its
maintenance and operation need less attention and care. The operating cost
remains almost constant throughout Its life.
Electric motors can be
used for various farm
machines, such as
tractors, irrigation
pumps, and crop
processing machines.
Advantages:
 Very cheap form of
power
 High efficiency
 Can work at a stretc
 Maintenance and
operating cost is very
low and not affected by
weather conditions
Disadvantages:
 Initial capital investment is
high
 Requires a good amount of
technical knowledge and
causes great danger if
handled without care.
RENEWABLE
ENERGY
It is the energy mainly obtained
from renewable sources of energy
like sun, wind, biomass, etc. This
type of energy is inexhaustible in
nature. Usage of renewable energy
sources.
Wind Energy
 Energy derived from
harnessing the wind flow
and converting it into
electricity. Wind turbines
are the devices that
capture the wind energy
and turn a generator.
Wind Energy
 Energy derived from
harnessing the wind flow
and converting it into
electricity. Wind turbines
are the devices that
capture the wind energy
and turn a generator.
Solar Energy
 Energy derived from
capturing sunlight and
converting it into heat,
electricity, or hot water.
Solar panels are the most
common way to generate
solar power.
Biomass Energy
 This is the energy derived
from burning organic
matter, such as plants,
wood, or waste. Bioenergy
can produce heat,
electricity, or biofuels,
which are liquid fuels
made from biomass.
 .
Hydroelectric Energy
 Energy derived from using
the movement of water,
such as rivers, waterfalls,
or ocean waves.
Hydroelectric power
plants use dams or
turbines to generate
electricity from water.
Geothermal Energy
 Geothermal power plants
use wells or pipes to access
the hot water or steam from
underground and use it to
generate electricity or heat
buildings.

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