Family centered care

unit (iii)

Prepared by:
Taimoor wazir Khan
Abdul Jabar Khan
Zia Ul Haq
Taimur Khan
Mussarat Nawaz
Uzair Khan
OBJECTIVES;
At the end of this lecture, the students will be able to:

• Discuss family and discuss its function

• Describe the types, structure /organization of a family

• Describe the different roles adopted by the family members

• Discuss the concept of boundaries, family power and decision making

• Identify stressor prevalent within and outside the family

• Explain how copying mechanism can help to maintained family functions

Conti….
• Differentiate between value and belief

• Identifying Pakistani values and belief

• Understand the importance of values and belief as a nurse

• Discuss the step of family centered nursing process

• Discuss the eight stages of family developmental life cycle

• Define the role/task of family members in each stage

• Discuss the role and function of nurse in a family centered care

Family:
Family;
Family is a group of two or more person related by birth, marriage or adoption

who reside in the same household – or a group who care and love for each other

• Family is a group of individual who provide support to each other

• A group of individual who lives together and cooperate as a unit • Edwards,

J. O. (2009).
Types and structure of family:
• Extended family
• Nuclear family
• Single parent
• Step
• Adopted
• Blended
Edwards, J. O. (2009).
Extended family:
Made up of nuclear or single parent family along with other relatives like
grandparents, aunts, uncle and cousins.
Advantages
• more to help with responsibilities
• More support
• More money
• Disadvantages
• Less room
• Less privacy
• Congested life
Nuclear family:

Married man and women and their children

Advantages:
• Two people sharing parenting responsibilities
• Financial responsibilities shared
• Disadvantage
• Only one parent home a large part of time
Single parent family:
Includes only one parent, father or mother who lives with the children.

Blended family:
A family in which both spouses have children from previous
relationship.

Step family:
Families that include children from a previous relationship

Adopted family:
In which one or more children are adapted
Functions of family:

• Social function
• Provide minimum basic facilities
• Reproduction of children
• Child care and guidance
• Socialization of members
Different roles of family member:
The structural organization of the family consist of following members

 Father

 Mother

 A child or children

Father:

The father of the family is breadwinner and his main responsibilities is to go

out to work, earning the money to feed, cloth and house the family

Mother:

Mother is the manager of the house and historically the person who stayed at
home to look after the children, until the reached school age.
Cont…
Girls:
Helps the mother in doing the household work
Boys:
The boys are usually assigned the heavy work in the house. This is the
traditional organization of a family, but there are many variants of this,
now that more women are going out to work, and men are staying at
home. In some families both parents work, and they employ people to
look after their children
Concept of family boundaries:
• Family boundaries define who's responsible for what, how
parents and children interact.
• The 3 types of boundaries that operate in family are as
follows:
• Clean boundaries In this type of boundaries parents
allowing their children to develop as appropriate for their
age .
• Rigid boundaries In this kind of boundaries there is a
little respect for individuality of the people in them.
• Diffuse boundaries In these kind of boundaries act like
their children's friends and children run the risk of
becoming too involved with their parents
Family power
• Power means ability to control.
• Control over resources for example money,
education, family needs etc.
• Family power structure plays a critical role in
family health functioning
• In most families parents control these resources.
Family decision
• Family members are brought together to make
decisions about how to care for their children
and develop a plan for service.
• Herbst categorised the FDM into four types.
• Wife dominant
• Husband dominant
• Autonomic
• Syncratic
Family stress
• Family stress is defined as disturbance in the
state of the family system.
• Real or imagined imbalance between the
demands of the family and family ability to meet
those demands.
• A stressor is a life event that happens in family.
• It can be either positive or negative and can
cause a change in the family coping pattern. •
CLEMSON. (2009).
Stresses outside family

• Work stress
• Being unhappy in your job
• Pollution
• Fear of trauma
• War
• Unemployment
• Accident
• Poverty
Coping mechanism
• Developing skill to respond to crises occur over
time .How family accomplish this is called family
coping, its often the strength of family.
• Coping is what one does with resources both from
inside the family and through out the community.
• persistence and decision making skill. Because much
of nursing involve having a clear sense of direction.
• The ability to preserve and the ability to sound
decisions quickly and frequently. Effective nurses
must have a strong set of professional nursing values.
• Families use various coping mechanisms to
navigate challenging situations.
Some common ones include open……
• Communication.
• seeking emotional support from one another.
• Maintaining routines and structure.
• They practicing self-care.
• Seeking professional help when needed, and finding healthy
outlets for stress such as hobbies or exercise.
• Each family may have their own unique coping strategies
based on their values, beliefs, and resources available to them.
• It's important for families to explore and identify what works
best for them in order to maintain their well-being.
Pakistani family value and beliefs
Value:
• In Pakistani culture, family is highly valued and
holds a central place in people's lives. The concept
of "familism" is deeply ingrained, which
emphasizes the importance of strong family bonds,
mutual support, and collective decision-making.
• Respect for elders, maintaining close relationships
with extended family members, and fulfilling
familial responsibilities are significant values in
Pakistani families.
Beliefs of Pakistani family :
• There are various beliefs that shape family dynamics.
One common belief is the importance of maintaining
strong family ties and providing support to one another.
• Additionally, there is a belief in the responsibility of
parents to provide for and protect their children, and the
expectation that children will respect and care for their
parents as they age.
• Another belief is the idea of collective decision-making,
where major family decisions are often made through
consultation and consensus among family members.
Importance of knowing value and belief
as a nurse.
• Importance of knowing value and belief as a nurse. In
nursing it is important to know and understand one
belief because the practice of nursing frequently challenge
nurses belief.
• Every day nurse meet people whose belief are different
from or even diametrically opposed to their own .effective
nurses recognize the need to adopt nonjudgmental
attitude make every attitude toward patient belief. A
nurse with a nonjudgmental attitude make every effort to
convey neither approval nor disapproval of patients belief
and respect each person right to his/her belief.
Family centered care:
• An approach to the planning, delivery and
evaluation of health care
• that is governed by mutually beneficial
partnership between health care workers, patients
and families.”
• It is built on partnership between family and
health care worker
• It is continual pursuit of being responsive to
priorities and choices of
• families.
Core concept of family center care:

Respect and dignity:

Health care practitioner listen to and honor family perspective and
choices. Family values, belief and cultural background .
Information sharing:
Health care practitioner communicate and share complete information
with patient.
Participation:
Patient and family are encourage and support to participate in care and
decision making
Collaboration:
patient, family health care practitioners and health care leaders
collaborate in policy and program development implementation and
evaluation
Stages of family developmental life cycle
• Family life cycle stages is a theoretical
framework to describe the
formation,maintenance,change and dissolution
of marital and family relations.
• The family life cycle stages perspective is
probably the most famous part of family
developmental theory.
 satisfying
marriage
Adjusting to
pregnancy
Fitting into the
kin network

Stage2.Childbe Wife/mother Having and

aring Husband/father adjusting to an
infants infant
Establishing a
satisfying home
for parents and
infants

Stage3.Prescho Wife/mother Adjusting to the

ol aged Husband/father needs of
children Daughter/sister preschool
Son/brother children

Stage4.School Wife/mother Fitting into the

aged children Husband/father community
Daughter/sister Encouraging
Role of nurse in family centered care
• Counselor on sexual, marital and family planning
• • Parenting skills
• Child bearing family:
• • Prenatal , perinatal , postnatal care
• • Maternal and child nutrition
• • Immunization
• Family with preschool and school aged children:
• • Monitoring development
• • Referral
• • First aid
• • Immunization
• • Nutrition exercise and healthy habits
• Envirmental safety.
Role of nurse…..
• Family with adolescents
• Teaching health risk factors
• Health promotion activities
• Referral to mental health resources
• Prevention of STDs
• Family panning
Role of nurse….
Family with older adults
• Monitoring of exercise and nutrition
• Medication
• Safety measures
• Adjusting to health problems
Any questions ?
References;
Anderson, E. T., & Mcfarlane, J. (2011). Community as a partner theory and
practice in nursing (6th ed.). new york london: wolters kluwer,lippincott
williams and wilkins health
• Basavanthappa, B. T. (2008). communnity health nursing (2nd ed.). india
newdehli: jaypee brothers medical publisher (p) Ltd.
• CLEMSON. (2009). From Family Stress to Family Strengths. Retrieved from
https://www.clemson.edu/fyd/Assets/Adobe_Acrobat_files/
tcct_from_family_stres
s_to_family_strengths.pdf
• Edwards, J. O. (2009). The Many Kinds of Family Structures in Our
Communities.
Retrieved from https://www.scoe.org/files/ccpc-family-structures.pdf
• Family relation ship. (n.d.).
• Turner, M. M. (2011). Values and beliefs. Retrieved from
http://www.mentoringforchange.co.uk/pdf/CtC%20-%20Values.pdf