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Family of Circles II

The document discusses different types of circles that are defined by their tangency or passing through certain points. It defines point circles that touch a fixed point on a line, and provides an example of finding the equation of such a circle. It also discusses understanding point circles and provides more examples of finding equations of circles tangent to other curves or passing through given points.

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APS Apoorv prakash singh
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59 views12 pages

Family of Circles II

The document discusses different types of circles that are defined by their tangency or passing through certain points. It defines point circles that touch a fixed point on a line, and provides an example of finding the equation of such a circle. It also discusses understanding point circles and provides more examples of finding equations of circles tangent to other curves or passing through given points.

Uploaded by

APS Apoorv prakash singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Family of Circles

Type 4 – Point Circle


 It is the equation of a family of circles which touch a line
at a fixed point (x1,y1)

We are given two things:

i. Point of Tangency (x1,y1)

ii. Tangent line L = 0

We need to find the family of such circles


Type 4 – Point Circle
 The family of such circles is: (x–x1)2 + (y–y1)2 + λL = 0

We can consider P as a point circle ‘S’

Point circle ‘S’ has diametric ends (x1,y1)

 S: (x–x1)(x–x1) + (y–y1)(y–y1) = 0

 S: (x–x1)2 + (y–y1)2 = 0

Family of such circles is: S +λL = 0


Understanding Point Circle
 Let there be a circle ‘S’ with diameter AB initially

S: (x–x1)(x–x2)+(y–y1)(y–y2) = 0

Now, reduce diameter to AC:

SAC: (x–x1)(x–x3)+(y–y1)(y–y3) = 0

If we reduce it further to make it point circle at A

SA: (x–x1)(x–x1) + (y–y1)(y–y1) = 0


Example
 Find the equation of a circle passing through (–1,0) and touching the
Y-axis at (0,2)

The point of tangency is (0,2) and tangent line is x = 0

 Family of circles: (x–0)2 + (y–2)2 + λ(x–0) = 0

It passes through (–1,0)

 (–1–0)2 + (0-2)2 + λ(–1) = 0

 λ=5

 2 2
Example
 Find the equation of the circle which passes through the
point (–1,2) and touches the circle x2+y2–8x+6y = 0 at origin

We can find equation: L = 0

xx1+yy1–4(x+x1)+3(y+y1) = 0

 –4x+3y = 0

We have a family of circles with line


–4x+3y = 0 tangent at (0,0)
Example contd.
 We have a family of circles with line –4x+3y = 0 tangent at (0,0)

S: (x–0)2 + (y–0)2 +λ(–4x+3y) = 0

S passes through (–1,2)

 (–1)2 + (2)2 +λ(4+6) = 0

 λ= –1/2

Required Circle is: x2 + y2 –1/2(–4x+3y) = 0


Example
 Two circles each having radius 5units, touch each other
at (1,2). If the equation of their common tangent is 4x+3y
= 10, find the equations of the circles

It is given that both circles have tangent 4x+3y = 10

Also, they touch each other at (1,2)

Since, (1,2) lies on line 4x+3y = 10, the point of tangency to


this line is (1,2) for both the circles
Example contd.
 Radius of both circles is 5

Family of circles:

(x–1)2+(y–2)2+λ(4x+3y–10) = 0

 x2+2x(–1+2λ)+y2+2y(–2+3/2λ)+(5–10λ) = 0

 25 = g2+f2–c (Solve for λ using this)

Circles are finally: (x–5)2+(y–5)2 = 25 and (x+3)2+(y+1)2 = 25


Type 5 – Circumcircle
 Equation of a circumcircle of a triangle, where the
equations of lines are l1 = 0, l2 = 0, l3 = 0 is given by:

l1l2 + λl2l3 + µl3l1 = 0


Type 6 – Circumcircle of
Quadrilateral
 Equation of a circumcircle of a quadrilateral, where the
equations of lines are l1 = 0, l2 = 0, l3 = 0, l4 = 0 is given by:

l1l3 + λl2l4 = 0

To find λ put:

i. coeffcient of xy = 0

ii. Coefficient of x2 = y2
4x+3y = 10 l1 = 0
l2 = 0

(1,2) A
(x1,y1)
l4 = 0 l3 = 0

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