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Research Design

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38 views15 pages

Research Design

Uploaded by

seerat zahra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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RESEARCH DESIGN

By Mam Bushra
WHAT IS RESEARCH
DESIGN ?
Task of defining the research problem is the
preparation of the research project, popularly known
as the “research design".
Decisions regarding what, where, when, how
much, by what means concerning an
inquiry or a research study constitute a
research design.
Meaning of research design
 A research design is the arrangement of
conditions for collection and analysis of data
in a manner that aims to combine relevance
to the research purpose with economy in
procedure.
Research design have
following parts
 Sampling design
 Observational design
 Statistical design
 Operational design
Sampling designs
 Which deals with the methods of
selecting items to be observed for the
study.
Observational design
 Which relates to the condition under
which the observation are to be create.
Statistical design
 Which concern the question of the of
How the information and data
gathered are to be analyzed ?
Operational design
 Which deals with techniques by which
the procedures satisfied in sampling .
Features of a good
research design
A research design appropriate for a particular
research problem, usually involves the
following
features.
• The mean of obtaining information.
• The availability and skills of the researcher and
his staff, if any.
• The objective of the problem to be studied. The
nature of the problem to be studied .
• The availability of time and money for the
research work.
Important concepts
relating to research
design
Dependent and independent
variables:
a concept which can take on
different quantitative values is called a
variable.
A phenomena which can take on
different qualitatively values even in
decimal value are called continues.
Extraneous variables
 That are not related to the purpose of
the study but may effect on the
dependent variables are termed as the
extraneous variables
For e.g.:-
Example of this
Suppose a researcher want to test the
hypothesis that there is a relationship between
children gains in social studies
achievement and their self concept.
In this case self-concept =independent variable
Social studies achievement =dependent variable
Intelligence may as well affect on the social achievement.
But it is not related to the study undertaken by the researcher
so it is a Extraneous variable
Control
 One important characteristic of a good
research is to minimize the influence or
effect. The terminal term used when we
design the study minimizing the the
effect of extraneous independent variable
Confound relationship
 When the dependent variable is
not free from the influence of
extraneous variable .the relationship
between the depended and independent
v variable is said to be confused by an
extraneous variable
Experimental and
control groups
 When a group is exposed to usual
conditions, it is termed as a
control group.
 But when the group is exposed to
be some special condition, it is
termed as Experimental group
Treatments
 The different conditions under
which Experiment and control
groups are put up usually referred
to as treatment.
Experiment
 The process of examining the truth of a
statistical hypothesis, relating to some
research problem, is known as an Experiment.
E.g.:-
we can conduct an Experiment to examine
the usefulness of a certain newly developed drug.

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