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Aiet 383 Plcs 03

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17 views9 pages

Aiet 383 Plcs 03

Uploaded by

talha 8byt Talha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AUTOMATION & ROBOTICS

AUTOMATION
Table Of Contents
1. What is a PLC?
2. PLC Basics
3. How Does a PLC work?
4. Physical Structure of PLC
 PLC stands for “Programmable Logic Controller”. A PLC is a
computer specially designed to operate reliably under harsh
industrial environments – such as extreme temperatures, wet,
dry, and/or dusty conditions.
 PLCs are used to automate industrial processes such as a
manufacturing plant’s assembly line, an ore processing plant, or
a wastewater treatment plant.
 PLCs share many features of the personal computer you have at
home. They both have a power supply, a CPU (Central
Processing Unit), inputs and outputs (I/O), memory, and
operating software (although it’s a different operating
software).
 The biggest differences are that a PLC can perform discrete and
continuous functions that a PC cannot do, and a PLC is much
better suited to rough industrial environments. A PLC can be
thought of as a ‘ruggedized’ digital computer that manages the
electromechanical processes of an industrial environment.
 PLCs play a crucial role in the field of automation, using
forming part of a larger SCADA system. A PLC can be
programmed according to the operational requirement of the
process.
 In the manufacturing industry, there will be a need for
reprogramming due to the change in the nature of production.
To overcome this difficulty, PLC-based control systems were
introduced. We’ll first discuss PLC basics before looking at
various applications of PLCs
PLC Basics
PLCs were invented by Dick Morley in 1964. Since then PLC
has revolutionized the industrial and manufacturing sectors.
There is a wide range of PLC functions like timing,
counting, calculating, comparing, and processing various analog
Signals
The main advantage of PLC over a “hard-wired” control system is
that you can go back and change a PLC after you’ve programmed
it, at little cost (just the cost of the programmer’s time). In a hard-
wired control system, you’re essentially having to rip out wires and
start from scratch (which is more expensive and takes longer).
Let’s look at an example to better understand this advantage.
 How Does a PLC work?
The working of a programmable logic controller can be
easily understood as a cyclic scanning method known as
the scan cycle.
Organizational Block

Start Cycle Time


Monitoring
Read Data from Input
Module
User Program
Working
Write Data into output
Module
Other Tasks
A PLC Scan Process includes the following steps
 The operating system starts cycling and monitoring of

time.
 The CPU starts reading the data from the input module and

checks the status of all the inputs.


 The CPU starts executing the user or application program

written in relay-ladder logic or any other PLC-


programming language.
 Next, the CPU performs all the internal diagnosis and

communication tasks.
 According to the program results, it writes the data into the

output module so that all outputs are updated.


 This process continues as long as the PLC is in run mode.

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