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Functions in Mathematics

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Pratik Sharma
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42 views13 pages

Functions in Mathematics

Uploaded by

Pratik Sharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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BRAINWARE UNIVERSITY

PRESENTATION TOPIC: MATHEMATICAL FUNCTIONS


Understanding Functions using Sets
SET
A set is a collection of well defined objects or elements. Example:
a collection of all real numbers, a collection of all integers less
than 50, forms a set.

FUNCTIONS
A function can be defined by assigning to each element of a set, a
particular element of another set(which maybe the same as the
first).

First Set Second Set


Understanding Functions using Sets
For example:
In a class there are 5 students numbered from 1-5 and they attain grades A-F in an examination.
Student 1 attains grade B, 2 attains A, 3 attains C, 4 attains D, 5 attains F. Then this scenario would
be represented like this:
1 A
2 B
3 C
4 D
5 F
Definition of a function
Let X and Y be nonempty sets. A function f from X to Y is an Range
assignment of exactly one element of Y to each element of X.
We write f (x) = y if y is the unique element of B assigned by
the function f to the element x of X. If f is a function from X to
Y, we write:
f : X → Y.
Domain of a function:
If f is a function from set A to set B, we say that the set A is
the domain of the function f.
Codomain of a function:
If f is a function from set A to set B, we say that the set B is
the codomain of the function f. Domain Codomain
Range of a function
The range of a function refers to the set of all possible output values it can
produce for a given input.
In Mathematical terms, if f : A  B is a function where A is the domain (set of
input values) and B is the codomain (set of possible output values), then range
Rf is the set of all actual output values produced by the function.
Range of a function
Example: Let us consider the square function given by f : Z  Z, f(x) = 2x , x  Z.
Here the domain and codomain of the function is the set Z of integers.
The range(actual output values) of function is the set consisting of even integers.
Functions vs Relations
All functions are relations, but not
all relations are functions.
The difference between a relation
and a function is that a relation can
have many outputs for a single
input, but a function has a single
output for a single input. This is the
basic factor to differentiate between
relation and function.

More then one output for a single input


Some common functions in Mathematics

1. Linear function: f(x) = mx + b

2. Square function: f(x) = mx + b


Some common functions in Mathematics
3. Cube Function: f(x) = x3

4. Reciprocal Function: f(x) = 1/x


Some common functions in Mathematics
3. Logarithmic Function: f(x) = ln x

5. Exponential Function: f(x) = ex


Some common functions in Mathematics
3. Sine Function f(x) = sin x 5. Cosine Function: f(x) = cos x

5. Tangent Function: f(x) = tan x


Conclusion
• A function is a relation in which each element of the domain is paired with
exactly one element of the range.
• There are several types of functions in Mathematics which find an extensive
application in the field of Engineering, Physics, Economics, Finance, Computer
Science and Information Technology.
THE END

THANK YOU !

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