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Chap 1 Apt (The Scope of Physics)

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41 views23 pages

Chap 1 Apt (The Scope of Physics)

Physics Presentation

Uploaded by

sqamar68
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)

Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)


Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)
Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)
Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)
Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)
Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)
Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)
Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)
Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)
Prefixes For Power To Ten:
Prefix Symbol Factor Prefix Symbol Factor
Deca D 101 Deci d 10-1
Hecto H 102 Centi c 10-2
Kilo K 103 Milli m 10-3
Mega M 106 Micro 10-6
Giga G 109 Nano n 10-9
Tera T 1012 Pico P 10-12

Peta P 1015 Femto f 10-15


Exa E 1018 atto a 10-18
Zecta Z 1021 Zepto z 10-21
Yatta Y 1024 Yocto y 10-24
Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)
Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)
ADVANCE UNITS CONVERSION:
1. Convert 10 -5 m = ___? ___ cm
Solution:
= 10 -3 x 10 -2 m
= 10 -3 cm
2. Convert 10 -11 m = __? ____ nm
Solution:
= 10 -2 x 10 -9 m
= 10 -2 n m
3. Convert 500  g = _ ? ___Kg.
Solution: = 500 g.
= 500 x 10-6g
= 500 x 10-6 x 10-3 x 10 3g
= 500 x 10-9 Kg
= 5.00 x 10-9 x 102
= 5.00 x 10-7 Kg

Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)


4. Convert 2 dm into __ ? ___ Tm
Solution:
= 2 dm
= 2 x 10-1m
= 2 x 10-1 x 10-12 x 10 12 m
= 2 x 10-13 Tm
5. Convert 3 dm3 into __ ? ___ m3
Solution: = 3 dm3
= 3 x dm x dm x dm
= 3 x 10-1 m x 10-1 m x 10-1 m
= 3 x 10-3 m3
6. Convert 100 cm3 into __ ? ___ m3
Solution: = 100 cm3
= 100 x cm x cm x cm
= 100 x 10-2 m x 10-2 m x 10-2m
= 100 x 10-6 m3.

Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)


Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)
SIGNIFICANT FIGURES:
Those valuable digits in a number which are known with certainity are called
significant figures. OR Reliable digits in a number.
RULE:
•Non zero digits are significant.
EXAMPLE:
143 → 3 S.F , 82 → 2 S.F
•Zero between non zero digits are significant..
EXAMPLE:
101 → 3 S.F , 2001→ 4 S.F
• Zero before decimal points are not significant.
EXAMPLE:
2010 → 3 S.F , 4000 → 1 S.F , 420 → 2 S.F
•Zero after decimal point are not significant.when whole value less than one.
EXAMPLE:
0.0001 → 1 S.F , 0.0028 → 2 S.F , 0.05 → 1 S.F , 0.00529 → 3 S.F

Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)


•Zero after decimal point are significant when whole value greater than one or
equal to one.
EXAMPLE:
1.00 → 3 S.F 4.00 → 3 S.F 52.00 → 4 S.F

Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)


ROUNDING OFF DATA:
Reducing of number of significant figures to desired no of significant.
RULE:
•If the digit is to dropped is greater than “5” than add one to the last digit.
EXAMPLE:
(1) 7. 28 → 7.3 (2) 7. 239 → 7.24
3. S.F 2.S.F 4. S.F 3. S.F
• If the digit is to dropped is less than “5” simply drop it.
EXAMPLE:
(1) 7. 24 → 7.2
3. S.F 2.S.f
•If the digit is to dropped is exactly “5” than two possible situation arises.
Due to even no = No Addition , Due to odd no= Addition
EXAMPLE:
(1) 7. 25 → 7.2 (2) 7.275 → 7.28
3. S.F 2.S.F 4. S.F 3.S.F

Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)


MEASURING DEVICES
VERNIER CALLIPER:
Vernier Callipers this instrument was invented by a French scientist “Pierre
Vernier” used in laboratories for measuring the thickness, diameter, depth of
the objects.
MICROMETER:
Micrometer Screw Gauge is used to measure the diameter & thickness of small
objects.
STOPWATCH
It is used to measure a definite interval time in laboratories.
PHYSICAL BALANCE
It is used to measure the mass of an object.
MEASURING CYLIDERS
It is used to measure the volume of the liquid.

Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)


ERRORS
DEFINITION
An error is defined as the difference between the measured and actual value.
FORMULA

Percentage Error = Actual.Value  Observed.Value x 100


Actual.Value
CLASSIFICATION OF ERRORS
Errors can be classified into three types
PERSONAL ERROR
Error, which arises due to making an error in reading a scale, is called personal
error.
SYSTEMATIC ERROR
Error, which arises due to fault in the measuring instruments, called systematic
error.
RANDOM ERROR
Error, which arises due to experimental conditions, called random error.

Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)


Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)
Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)
Excellence Coaching Network (Mentoring is Better than Teaching)

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