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2 - Patient Counselling

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20 views27 pages

2 - Patient Counselling

ppt

Uploaded by

Neha Solanki
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Counselling Process

Objectives
• To understand the concepts of counseling
process.
• To learn the counseling skills and why it is
important.
• To learn the stages of counseling.
• To identify the possible barriers in counselling.
• To be able to use counseling techniques
Counselling

Stages of
counselling

Skills of
counselor

Barriers of
counselling
Definition
“Counselling is a structured conversation aimed at facilitating a client’s quality of life in the face of adversity”
Johnson (2000, p.3)
• Counselling can help client learn to make better decisions.
• It can help improve personal skills, develop greater confidence in the person’s academic or work performance,
define career directions and acquire a keener awareness and appreciation of the client’s needs and those of
other people.
• With counselling, clients can improve their communication with a special person, establish more meaningful
relationships.
• Counselling is an active process, both during sessions and outside of counselling, as the client implements new
skills and insights.
• Depending upon the intensity of concern(s), and level of involvement in making needed changes, clients are
generally able to resolve difficulties in four to eight counselling sessions.
• Counselors can help the clients only if they are willing to receive help,
attend scheduled sessions, and engage in new ways of thinking and
acting outside of the counseling setting.
THE AIMS OF COUNSELLING

The aims of Counselling should always be based on the needs of the client,
which are:

• to help the clients manage their problems more effectively and develop
unused or underused opportunities to cope more fully.

• to help and empower clients to become more effective self-helpers in the


future (Egan,1998).

Helping is about constructive change and making a substantive difference to the


life of the client.
Key skills of counsellor
Listening
Believing in client
Recognize your own limitations.
Patience
Non-judgemental
Stay focused
Knowledgeable.
• A 45-year-old lady attends the clinic regarding her symptoms of anxiety due
to difficulties in her relationship with her co-workers at a school. Her
examination is normal and the doctor has decided that there is no need for
any investigation

• Which one of the following approaches by a counselor would make


counseling for this patient more effective?

A. Empathy during consultation*


B. Giving instructions how to deal with others*

C. Humor (being funny) on directing questions*

D. Teaching her to stand up for her rights *


6 Micro skills of counsellor
1. Listen Actively

• Accept the clients as they are.


• Listen to what your client say and how they say it. Notice the
tone of the voice ,facial expression and gesture.
• Keep silent sometimes. Give your client to think ,ask question.
• Sit comfortably.
• Look directly into the client when they speak ,not on your
papers and windows.
• Ensure that you are continually involved in the conversation
by either “nodding head, saying then or oh”
• According to communication expert:-
10 % of our communication represented by words.
30 % are represented by sounds we make (by mimimum verbal)
60 % are represented by body language ( eg- eye contact ,
body posture etc.)
2. Questioning

• Ask the question to understand clearly the client problem or worries to


help the client go deeper into his/her own awareness or insight.
• Question- centered around the concerns of client and open
ended.
• At the time of asking question: Remember
Ask one question at a time.
Look at one person
Be brief and clear
Ask question that serve for purpose
Use question that enables clients to talk about their feelings and
behaviours.
Use question to explore and understand issues and not to collect juicy
material for gossip.

• Don’t ask
Irrevalent question.
Too many question at one time.
3.Using silence

• Give time to the client to think about what to say next.

• Provide space to experience feeling.

• Allows client to proceed at their own pace.

• Give the client freedom to choose whether or not to continue.


Non-verbal behavior
4. Non-verbal behavior
• It is not what you say but how you say is important.

• Majority –non verbal

• Person body language is not similar to what they are saying, it results in
verbal confusion/mis-interpretation.

• Effective counsellor-sensitive to nonverbal communication .

• Examples :-gestures, facial expression, posture, eye contact, tapping


fingers, change in voice pitch and fluency of voice.
5. Accurate Empathy
• Empathy means- recognition and understanding of clients thoughts
and emotions.
• It is characterized by ability to put oneself into another's shoes i.e
experience the view point of another within oneself.

6. Paraphrasing
• Counsellor repeat in his/her own words what client has said to show
understanding.
• Say in few words so that it can give summary of client’s word.
Four Stages of Counseling
Stage 4

Stage 3
Stage 2 Follow-up
Conduct as needed.
Stage 1 Prepare for the
the counseling.
Identify the counseling.
need for
counseling.
Stage 1: Identify the Need for Counseling.
• Required evaluation or command-directed counseling

• Counsel whenever focused, two-way communication aimed at the


subordinate’s development is needed
Stage 2: Prepare for the Counseling.

• Select a suitable place. • Organize information and draft a plan


• Schedule the time. of action.
• Notify the subordinate well • Plan the counseling strategy.
in advance. • Establish the right atmosphere.
• Outline the counseling session
components.
Directive, Nondirective, and Combined
Approaches
Counseling techniques that leaders may explore with nondirective
or combined approaches include:
• Suggesting alternatives
• Recommending
• Persuading
• Advising
Techniques to use during the directive approach include:
• Corrective training
• Commanding
Stage 3: Conduct the Counseling.

• Open the session.

• Discuss the issues.

• Develop a plan of action.

• Record and close the session.


Stage 4: Follow-up as Needed.
• Support subordinate in implementing the plan.
• Provide additional time, referrals, and other appropriate
resources if needed.
• Continue to teach, coach, and mentor.
• Modify the initial plan of action, if needed, to meet its
goals.
• Assess the plan of action.
Counselling and health education

Counselling Health education

1. Confidential Not confidential

2. One to one process or a small group. For a group of people

3. Focused, specific and goal directed Generalized

4. Facilitates change in attitude and Information is provided to increase


motivates behavior change the knowledge
5. Problem oriented Content oriented

6. Based on needs of client Based on public health needs.


Barriers to Counseling in Clinical Practice
•Personal Barriers
•Lack of training: undergraduate/postgraduate
•Undervaluing importance of communication
•Focus only on treating diseases
•Personal Limitations
•Organizational Barriers
•Lack of time
•Pressure of work
•Interruptions
Conclusion

Counselling is a process and not merely a technique through which clients are
helped to modify their behavior and cope with their status effectively.

Counselling is not
• Telling or directing
• Giving advice
• A casual concern
• A confession
• Praying
Roll play

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