Scribd
Upload
19 views9 pages

Lecture 7

this is good

Uploaded by

230237
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
19 views9 pages

Lecture 7

this is good

Uploaded by

230237
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

Numerical Methods for

Engineers
0714 02 CSE 2103

Fixed Point Iteration


Fixed Point Method
2

We will now look at the algorithm for the


fixed point method in approximating a root of
a function.
Obtain a function f in the appropriate form
(f(x)=0⇔x=g(x)) and assume that a root α
exists. Obtain an initial approximation x0, a
maximum number of iterations, and an error
tolerance ϵ.
For i=1,2,... up to the maximum number of
iterations prescribed.
Fixed Point Method Algorithm
3

Step 1: Obtain the successive


approximations by the fixed point method
with the following formula:
xn+1 =g(xn)
Step 2: Check the error tolerance:
∣xn −xn-1∣<ϵ
Example
4

Problem : Locate root of the equation x2 + x – 2 = 0


using the fixed point method.
Solution : The given equation can be expressed
as x=2-x2 .
Let us start with an initial value of x0 = 0.
x1 = 2 – 0 = 2
x2 = 2 – 4 = -2
x3 = 2 – (-2)2 = -2
Since x3 – x2 = 0,
-2 is one of the roots of the equation.
Example
5

Let us assume that x0 = -1. Then


x1 = 2 – 1 = 1
x2 = 2 – 1 = 1
Another root is 1.
Example
6

Problem : Evaluate the square root of 5 using


the equation x2 – 5 = 0 by applying the fixed
point iteration algorithm.
 Solution: Let us reorganize the function as follow:
x = 5/x
Let us start with an initial value of x0 = 1.
x1 = 5
x2 = 1
x3 = 5
x4 = 1
The process does not converge to the solution. This type of
divergence is known as oscillatory divergence.
Example
7

Let us reorganize the function as follow:


x = x2 + x – 5
Let us start with an initial value of x0 = 0.
x1 = -5
x2 = 15
x3 = 235
x4 = 55455
Again it does not converge. Rather it diverges
rapidly. This type of divergence is known as
monotone divergence.
Example
8

Let us reorganize the function as follow:


x = 5/x
or, 2x = 5/x + x
or, x = (x+5/x)/2
Let us start with an initial value of x0 = 1.
x1 = 3
x2 = 2.3333
x3 = 2.2381
x4 = 2.2361
x5 = 2.2361
Since x5– x4 = 0,
2.2361 is one of the roots of the equation.
9

THANK YOU

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy