NSTP 1

NATIONAL
SERVICE
Target Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the lesson, students are expected to :

Understand the National Service Training Program

(NSTP)
 Trace the Evolution of NSTP Program
How does NSTP defined?
Section 3 (a) of RA 9163 has defined “NATIONAL
SERVISE TRAINING PROGRAM (NSTP)” as a program
aimed at enhancing civic consciousness and defense
preparedness in the youth by developing the ethics
of service and patriotism while undergoing training in
any of its three (3) program components. Its various
components are specially designed to enhance the
youth’s active contribution to the general welfare.
 The Signing of NSTP Act of 2001 into
LAW
The National Service Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001
otherwise known as RA 9163 was signed into law by Gloria
Macapagal Arroyo on January 23, 2002. This act which was
established for Tertiary Education and for other purposes has
amended the Republic Act 7077 and PD 1706. ("Citizen Armed
Forces of the Philippines Reservist Act.")
 Bases under the
Constitution
This law was enacted pursuant to the principle of the State
under the 1987 Constitution to serve and protect the
people which can be realized through a compulsory
personal, miltary or civil service.
COMPONENTS OF NSTP

As per Sec.4 of RA 9163, the NSTP which is a

mandatory requirement of all the
baccalaureate degree courses and of at least
two (2)- year technical-vocational courses,
has the following service components:
1.Reserved Officers’ Training Program
Corps (ROTC)
• which upon the effectivity of the law is made
voluntary and optional;
• is a program institutionalized under sections 38
and 39 of Republic Act No. 7077 designed to
provide military training to tertiary level students
in order to motivate, train, organize and mobilize
them for national defense preparedness.
2. Literacy Training Service.
• this program designed to train students to
become teachers of literacy and numeracy
skills to school children, out of school youth,
and other segments of society in need of their
service.
3. Civic Welfare Training Service.
• refers to programs or activities contributory to the
general welfare and betterment of life for the
members of the community of the enhancement of
its facilities, especially those devoted to improving
health, education, environment, entrepreneurship,
saftety, recreation and morals of the citizenry (Sec 3
d)
What May be Taught?
1.Patriotism
2.Moral Values
3.Respect of Rights of
Civilians
4. Adherence to constitution
Government Agencies that may Design and
Implement Program Components in Relation to the
Provisions of RA 9163.
1.Commission on Higher Education (CHED)
2.Technical Education and Skills Development Authority
(TESDA), in consultation with the Department of National
Defense (DND)
3.Philippine Association of State Universities and Colleges
(PASUC)
4. Coordinating Council of Private
Education and Associations of the
Philippines (COCOPEA)
5. Other Concerned government agencies.
Covered Personality
• Students, male, and female, of any
baccalaurette degree course of at least two (2)-
year technical-vocational courses in public and
private educational institutions shall be
required to complete one (1) of the NSTP
components are requisite for graduation (Sec.5)
NSTP Requirements in the Higher Education and
Technical-Vocational Educational Institutions.

It is enshrined under Sec. 7 of the NSTP Law of

2001 that the higher education and technical-
vocational institutions are obliged to offer at least
one of the program components subject to the
following conditions:
1.Mandatory ROTC component and at least one
other component for state colleges and
universities.
2.Option to offer ROTC for private higher and
technical-vocational education institutions if they
have at least three hundred and fifty (350) cadet
students.
Evolution of NSTP Program

It has been said that a similar training course to the ROTC had
existed during the Spanish Regime at the oldest university in
the Philippines, the University of Sto. Tomas (UST).
In 1912- the actual ROTC was introduced in the country when
the military instructions was conducted in the UP.
The National University became the first private college in the
Philippines to have an ROTC unit in 1921. The Ateneo de
Manila University, Liceo de Manila, and Colegio de San Juan
de Letran followed.
The National Defense Act of 1935 was passed by the Philippine
National Assembly on December 31,1935 during the incumbency of
President Manuel Luis Molina Quezon.

1939- President Quezon has issued the Executive Order No. 207 to
implement the National Defense Act of 1935, otherwise known as
Commonwealth Act No.1, which is the incarnation of the National
defense plan articulated by General Douglas McArthur for the
Philippine Commonwealth.
As a result, the ROTC became obligatory in all
colleges and universities with a population of at
least 100 students. Under this law, all male citizens
ages 18-30 are obliged to undergo military service.
The purpose of the said act was to create an
independent Philippine Army. It was however
interrupted by the World War II.
During the World War II, the product of the ROTC was called to the
colors and during the occupation, they proved their worth on the
battlefield. There were thirty-three (33) Colleges and Universities in
the Philippines who organized ROTC units to participate in the Battle
of Bataan. Forty-five percent (45%) of the strength of 75th Infantry
Regiment of United States Army Forces in the Far East (USAFE) came
from the participation of the ROTC cadets of Siliman University in
Visayas. During the Japanes occupation, other ROTC units and
Philippine Military Academy have organized the Hunters guerilla
group in order to show their resistance on the Japanese invasion.
Post-War Training.

By virtue of the Executive Order No.9, the ROTC beacame a

mandatory course in the respective curricula of different
college. The Philippine Army Headquarters resuscitated the
pre-war ROTC units on September 13, 1946. The Philippine
Army became the Armed Forces of the Philippines on
December 23, 1950. The Executive Order No 207 was
promulgated by President Ferdinand E. Marcos in 1939,
mandating ROTC to all colleges and universities with more
than 250 enrollees.
Post-War Training.

The Presidential Decree No 1706 otherwise known as

the National Service Law was also promulgated by
President Marcos in 1980 making the national service
on obligation for all citizens of the Philippines and
specified three categories of national service: civic
welfare srvice, law enforcement services, and military
service.
Post-Marcos Era (1980)
During the regime of Presidant Ferdinand E.
Marcos, the ROTC was replaced by the
Citizen Military Training (CMT)
Corazon C. Aquino’s Regime.
The ROTC was backed by the provisions of RA 7707 or
the Citizens Armed Forces of the Philippines Reservist
Act on June 27, 1991.
RA 7707 has provided for organization, training ad
utilization of reservists stated in the Act as the “Citizen
Soldiers”. The Graduates of ROTC in both basic and
advance courses were treated as the primary pool of
manpower for the reservist organization.
ROTC Crisis in 2001.

Different student protests have

laid to rest rest ROTC. The ROTC
was no longer a mandatory
requirement in College.
The ROTC program is not a perfect
program as it is often plagued by
different controversies causing students
to post their grievances and giving the
lawmakers the idea to push for its
abolition.
The case of Mark Welson Chua, a student of the University
of Sto. Tomas has put the ROTC in a bad light. Chua is a
member of UST ROTC unit when his body was found floating
in the Pasig River on March 18, 2001. Before his death, he
and another student made allegations of corruption in the
UST ROTC unit using the schools studnet publication as their
Channel. Findings of the Ntaional Bureau of Investigation
had linked the UST ROTC unit as the one behin the death of
Chua. Three years later, one of the suspects was sentenced
into death.
The case of Chua had caused outburst
to many student association, school
administrators and other cause-oriented
groups leading protests and
parliamentary approaches to the matter.
The Congress of the Philippines
responded to the clamor againts the
ROTC with the death of Chua being
pointed as the catalyst for reform.
The NSTP Act or RA 9163 was enacted into law on
January 23, 2002. The NSTP act is a civic education and
instituted by the Government of the Philippines.
College students (male or female) of any baccalaureate
degree course or technical vocational course in Higher
Education Institutions (HEI’s) are mandated to undergo
one of the three program components of the NSTP, one
of which is ROTC, for an academic period of two
semesters. The ROTC, however, is no longer a pre-
requisite for graduation.
Post-2001 issues involving ROTC.
ROTC is currently an optional program component of the
NSTP accepting both male and female cadets. This led to
the significant drop of cadets taking ROTC from more than
800,000 in school year 1999-2000 to only 150, 000 as of
2011. In this regard, there were proposals to revive the
mandatory ROTC for college students.
It was, however, immediately castigated by
different protests from progressive youth group of
Anakbayan. On the contrary, there were maritime
schools that want ROTC as a mandatory
requirement for college education on the notion
that maritime companies prefer marniers with
training in ROTC
Senator Alfredo Lim has sponsored Senate Bill
2224 in 2006 while Representative Eduardo
Gullas has sponsored House BIll 5460, pursuing
ROTC as a Mandatory requirement. In the, 2013,
Defense Secretary Voltaire Gazmin expressed hid
desire to make ROTC a mandatory requirement
again for the College Students.
During the 16th Congress of the Philippines, six
House Bills (BH) relevent to ROTC was filed by six
members of the House of Refresentatives. The
proposal to reinstate the mandatory nature of
ROTC training was made by Congressmen Francis
Abaya, Rodolfo Biazon, Erico Aumentado, Sherwin
Gatchalian, and Manny Pacquaio while the same
was opposed by Kabataan Party-list representative.
President Rodrigo Duterte has ruled in favor
of the proposal for the revival of the
mandatory nature of ROTC training for the
Senior High School students in both private
and public schools. The said proposal was
certified as urgent and forwarded it to the
both House (Upper and Lower).
THANK YOU!
QUIZ TIME