Scribd
Upload
24 views12 pages

Z-Distribution-9

Uploaded by

Oduntan Daniel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
24 views12 pages

Z-Distribution-9

Uploaded by

Oduntan Daniel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

The Z-distribution

Dr Ogum
outline
• Definition
• Properties
• Finding Z-score
• Importance of Z-score
• How to use a z-table.
Definition
• The z-distribution is also called the standard normal distribution.
• It is a special normal distribution where the mean is 0 and the
Standard deviation is 1.
• Any normal distribution can be standardized by converting its values
into z-scores.
Standard normal distribution curve
Properties of the Normal distribution curve
• It is bell shaped
• The curve is symmetrical. Half of the data will fall to the left of
the mean; half will fall to the right.
• The mean, mode and median are all equal.
• The total area under the curve is 1.
• 68% of the data falls within one standard deviation of the mean
• 95% of the data falls within two standard deviations of the
mean.
• 99.7% of the data falls within three standard deviations of the
mean.
Finding z-score
• The formula for calculating a z-score is is z = (x-μ)/σ,
where x is the raw score, μ is the population mean, and
σ is the population standard deviation.
• The value of the z-score tells you how many standard
deviations you are away from the mean. If a z-score is
equal to 0, it is on the mean.
• A negative z-score reveals the raw score is below the
mean average. For example, if a z-score is equal to -2,
it is 2 standard deviations below the mean.
• A positive z-score indicates the raw score is higher
than the mean average. For example, if a z-score is
equal to +1, it is 1 standard deviation above the mean.
Why are z-scores important?
• (a) it allows researchers to calculate the probability of
a score occurring within a standard normal
distribution;
• (b) and enables us to compare two scores that are from
different samples (which may have different means and
standard deviations)
Z-Table
Exercise
• Use the following information to answer the next two
exercises: The patient recovery time from a particular
surgical procedure is normally distributed with a mean
of 5.3 days and a standard deviation of 2.1 days.
• 1. What is the median recovery time?
• 2. What is the z-score for a patient who takes ten days
to recover?
Exercise
• X is a normally normally distributed variable with mean μ = 30
and standard deviation σ = 4. Find
a) P(x < 40)
b) P(x > 21)
c) P(30 < x < 35)
Answer
• a) For x = 40, the z-value z = (40 - 30) / 4 = 2.5
Hence P(x < 40) = P(z < 2.5) = [area to the left of 2.5] = 0.9938
• b) For x = 21, z = (21 - 30) / 4 = -2.25
Hence P(x > 21) = P(z > -2.25) = [total area] - [area to the left of
-2.25]= 1 - 0.0122 = 0.9878
• c) For x = 30 , z = (30 - 30) / 4 = 0 and for x = 35, z = (35 - 30) /
4 = 1.25
Hence P(30 < x < 35) = P(0 < z < 1.25) = [area to the left of z =
1.25] - [area to the left of 0]
= 0.8944 - 0.5 = 0.3944

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy