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Kidney Stone Detection From CT Scans

Kidney stone detection from CT scans

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JAISRIHARI G
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95 views11 pages

Kidney Stone Detection From CT Scans

Kidney stone detection from CT scans

Uploaded by

JAISRIHARI G
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Kidney stone detection

from CT-scan images

Group no:21
Jaisrihari G-CB.EN.U4ELC22015
Santhosh S-CB.EN.U4ELC22052
Sreenidhi A-CB.EN.U4ELC22053
Introduction
Kidney stones are a common and painful condition affecting millions of
people worldwide. Early detection and accurate diagnosis are crucial for
effective treatment and management. One of the most reliable methods
for detecting kidney stones is through Computed Tomography (CT) scans,
which provide detailed images of the urinary tract.

In the realm of Digital Image Processing, CT scan images play a vital role
in the automated detection and analysis of kidney stones. By utilizing
advanced algorithms and techniques, it is possible to enhance, segment,
and classify these images, leading to more accurate and efficient
detection of stones. This process involves the application of various
image processing methods such as filtering, edge detection,
morphological operations, and machine learning algorithms.

The integration of Digital Image Processing in kidney stone detection not


only improves the accuracy of diagnosis but also reduces the time and
cost associated with traditional methods. This makes it a valuable tool in
the medical field, particularly in the early diagnosis and treatment
Need/Motivation for the topic:
1. Precise Detection and Detailed
Imaging
2. Evaluation of surrounding tissues
and detecting associated condition
3. Rapid diagnosis
4. Reduced Radiation Exposure with
Newer Techniques(low-dose CT
scans)
5. Wide Availability
Problem
Statement
The problem focuses on the accurate detection and classification of kidney stones
using CT (Computed Tomography) scans. Kidney stones manifest in CT images with
varying sizes, shapes, and densities, and their detection can be challenging due to
overlapping features with surrounding tissues. Effective preprocessing techniques
are required to enhance image clarity, eliminate noise, and highlight kidney stones,
ensuring more accurate diagnostic decisions in detecting their presence and
location.
Methodology

Project Overview: The project involved several key steps to improve kidney stone detection using CT scan images.

Image Acquisition:

● Load a CT scan image of the kidney for analysis.


● Display the original image to establish a visual reference.

Image Processing:

● Grayscale Conversion: Convert the color image to grayscale, simplifying the data by reducing it to intensity values only.
● Noise Reduction: Use a median filter to remove noise while preserving edge details, which is crucial for identifying the
stone boundaries.
● Image Enhancement:
○ Apply local power law (gamma) transformation to enhance contrast specifically in the regions where stones may be
located.
○ Adjust gamma values iteratively to improve visibility of stones.
Image Segmentation:
● Thresholding: Segment the image by defining a threshold, creating a binary image that differentiates potential
stone regions from the background.
● Morphological Processing: Use morphological opening to clean up noise and enhance the structure of
detected regions.
Region Detection:
● Connected Component Analysis: Detect the largest region (kidney area) and create bounding boxes around
potential stone locations.
● Local Analysis:
○ Define left and right kidney areas around the largest detected region.
○ Scale the bounding boxes to cover the kidney area adequately, identifying regions with high-intensity
variations that may indicate stones.
Stone Detection and Annotation:
● Detect candidate stone regions in each kidney by examining connected regions within the segmented areas.
● Display the CT image with annotations to highlight potential stone locations, using red and blue rectangles for left
and right kidney regions, respectively.
Result Interpretation:
● If stones are detected, display a message suggesting further medical evaluation.
● If no stones are found, recommend continued health monitoring.
Dataset Overview
Source: The dataset is available on Kaggle and has been utilized in the project "Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for Kidney
Stone Detection."

Categories:

Category 1: Healthy Kidneys - CT-scan images that do not show any signs of kidney stones.

Category 2: Kidneys with Stones - CT-scan images that show the presence of kidney stones.

Data Format:

Images are provided in [insert image format, e.g., JPEG, PNG] format.
Refered to the
The dataset may include metadata such as image dimensions, patient information (if anonymized),
Kaggle
and labels indicating the presence or absence of kidney stones. notebook:
Data Preprocessing: Convolutional Neural Netwo
rk (CNN) for Kidney Stone
Resizing: Images may need to be resized to a uniform dimension for model input. Detection
Normalization: Standardizing the pixel intensity values for consistency across the dataset.
.Kaggle notebook:
Convolutional Neural
Key Considerations: Network (CNN) for
Kidney Stone
Balance: Ensuring that there is a balanced number of images in each category to avoid model bias.
Detection.
Quality: Verifying the quality of images to ensure accurate detection by the model.
Sample Images from Data Set

Kidney Stone detected Normal


Output

Kidney stones detected! You should consult a


doctor for further evaluation.
Challenges
:
1. Noise and Artifacts in Images

2. Low Contrast Between Stones and


Surrounding Tissues

3. Presence of Overlapping Structures

4. Complexity of 3D Imaging

5. Limited Annotated Data for Training


References
Kaggle Dataset and Notebook:

● Title: "Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for Kidney Stone Detection"


● URL: https://www.kaggle.com/code/japeralrashid/convolutional-neural-network-cnn-for-kiden

Research Articles:

● Title: "Image Filtering in Python and OpenCV"


● URL: http://imgsimon.blogspot.com/2016/05/python-image-filtering-in-python-and.html
● Title: "Enhancement of Ultrasound Images Using RADWT"
● URL: https://www.ijser.org/researchpaper/Enhancement-of-Ultrasound-Images-Using-RADWT.pdf
● Title: "Deep Learning with Limited Data: Data Augmentation"
● URL:
https://medium.com/nanonets/how-to-use-deep-learning-when-you-have-limited-data-part-2-data-augmentation-c26971dc8ced
● Title: "Segmentation Techniques for Medical Image Analysis"
● URL: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/cmmm/2014/758439/

Additional Resources:

● Title: "Python Implementation of Weiner Filter"


● URL: https://github.com/tvganesh/weiner
● Title: "A Study on Level Set Method"
● URL: https://wiseodd.github.io/techblog/2016/11/05/levelset-method/

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