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EE-260 Lecture 19

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13 views18 pages

EE-260 Lecture 19

Uploaded by

qasimbilal salar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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School of Electrical Engineering

and Computer Science


Department of Electrical
Engineering

EE-260 : Electrical Machines


Lecture#19
Text Book: Chapter 05 (Stephen J.
Chapman 4th Ed)

Instructor: Ms Neelma Naz


Class: BEE 14

1
Text Book:
Chapter 05
(Stephen J.
Chapman 4 Ed)
th

5.1 Synchronous Generator Construction Page 267

2
5.8: The Synchronous
Generator Operating
Alone
Synchronous Generator Operating Alone
• The behavior of the synchronous generator under load varies
greatly depending on the power factor of the load and on
whether the generator is operating alone or in parallel with
other synchronous generators.
• We will study the generator operating alone with simplified
phasor diagrams ignoring the effect of RA.
• The speed and the rotor flux of the generator is assumed to be
constant.

4
Synchronous Generator Operating Alone
• Understand the effect of load changes on a generator
operating alone.
• The speed of the generator ω is constant, and field current IF
is constant. Which means EA= kΦω will remain constant.
• Consider the three different types of loads connected, and
analyze the effect of changes in the loads.

5
The Effect of Load Changes
Lagging Load

If lagging loads(+Q or inductive loads) are added to a


generator, VΦ and the terminal voltage VT decreases
significantly.
6
The Effect of Load Changes

If unity power factor loads are


added to a generator, there is a
slight decrease in the VΦ and
the terminal voltage VT.

Unity Load

If leading load (-Q or


capacitive load) are
added to a generator,
VΦ and the terminal
voltage VT will rise

Leading Load
21
The Voltage Regulation

A convenient way to compare the voltage behavior of two


generators is by their voltage regulation.

Voltage Regulation Under Various Load


Conditions
Lagging PF Large +ve VR

Unity PF Small +ve VR


-ve VR
Leading PF

8
Maintaining Constant Terminal Voltage
• It is desirable to keep the voltage supplied to the load constant
even though the load varies.
• This can be accomplished by controlling the flux of the
machine.
• Suppose that a lagging load is added to a generator. Then the
terminal voltage will fall; to restore it to its previous level,
decrease the field resistance RF, which will increase the field
current IF. An increase in IF increases the flux, which in turn
increases EA. An increase in EA increases the terminal voltage.
• The process can be reversed to decrease the terminal voltage of
the generator.

9
I. Decreasing the field resistance in the generator increases
its field current.
2. An increase in the field current increases the flux in the
machine.
3. An increase in the flux increases the internal generated
voltage
E A K
4. An increase in EA, increases V and the terminal voltage
of the generator.
Generator Operation Analysis

Analyze the two cases through the phasor diagrams.

1. If the load changes and field is kept constant, what


happens to the terminal voltage, Example 5-3.

2. How must the generator field current be adjusted to


keep VT constant as the load changes, Example 5-2.

Home Work
17
18

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