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Layer 2 Switching

Switching Switch to router to computer, tv,

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Joshua Gabunada Ando
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9 views8 pages

Layer 2 Switching

Switching Switch to router to computer, tv,

Uploaded by

Joshua Gabunada Ando
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GROUP 11

GENSCH, ROBERT WALTER


GOMIA, CL AUDETTE
BARCENAS, DANE BRIAN
MARINGURAN, NIC BRYLE
LAYER 2
SWITCHING
Mac Learning
process by which a network switch learns the MAC
addresses of devices on the network and associates
them with the appropriate port. When a switch receives a
data frame, it checks the source MAC address and the port
it came from, storing this information in its MAC address
table (also called the forwarding table).

Process of MAC Learning:

MAC LEARNING AND AGING 1. A device sends a data frame with a source MAC
address.

2. The switch examines the source MAC address and


records the MAC address along with the port it was
received on.

3. The switch then uses this table to forward frames to


the appropriate port for known destinations.
MAC AGING
process by which the switch removes outdated or
unused entries from its MAC address table over
time. If a MAC address has not been seen for a
certain period, it is considered "aged out" and
removed from the table.
Why MAC Aging is Important:
MAC LEARNING AND AGING
1. Efficiency: Prevents the table from growing too large,
which could impact the performance of the switch.

2. Adaptability: If devices move between ports or


disconnect, the MAC table will be updated accordingly,
so the switch adapts to network changes.

3. Prevention of Stale Data: Removes entries that are


no longer needed, ensuring that the switch operates
based on current network conditions.
FRAME SWITCHING
Types of Frame Switching
1. 1. Store-and-Forward:

2. The switch receives the entire frame, checks it for


Frame Switching refers to errors (using methods like CRC checks), and then
forwards it if it’s valid. If the frame has an error, it is
the process by which a discarded.
network switch receives,
2. Cut-Through:
processes, and forwards
data frames between The switch begins forwarding the frame as soon as it
reads the destination MAC address, without waiting for
devices on a network. the entire frame to arrive.

3. Fragment-Free:
A hybrid approach that waits for the first 64 bytes of the
frame before forwarding it. This helps avoid forwarding
fragments that may be too small to be useful and often
contain errors.
FRAME FLOODING
Why does Frame flooding happen?

1.Unknown Destination MAC Address:

1. When a switch receives a frame and does not have an


Frame flooding refers to the
entry for the destination.
process where a network
switch sends a data frame to all 2. 2. Initial Learning Phase:
its ports (except the one it was
received on) when it does not 3. When a switch is first powered on or after a reset, its
MAC address table is empty.
know the destination MAC
address of the frame. 4. 3. Broadcast Traffic:

5. designed to be sent to all devices in the network.

6. 4. Multicast Traffic:

7. cause flooding to all ports.


MAC ADDRESSES
TABLE
ADDRESS TABLE (ALSO KNOWN AS
A FORWARDING TABLE OR
CONTENT ADDRESSABLE MEMORY Why the MAC Address Table Is Important?
(CAM) TABLE) IS A DATA STRUCTURE 1. Efficiency:
USED BY NETWORK SWITCHES TO Allows the switch to forward frames only to the specific port where
STORE THE MAC (MEDIA ACCESS device is located, minimizes unnecessary traffic and improves
CONTROL) ADDRESSES OF DEVICES network efficiency.
CONNECTED TO THE SWITCH, ALONG 2. Reduced Broadcast Traffic:
WITH THE PORT THROUGH WHICH learning the locations of devices connected to each port.switch
THOSE DEVICES ARE REACHABLE. reduces the need for broadcasting wasteful and can increase
network congestion.
3. Scalability:
The MAC address table enables switches to handle large networks
with many devices. As the network grows, the switch dynamically
learns and updates the MAC addresses for efficient communication.
5 DIFFERENT TYPES OF STATIC
1. Static IP Address

STATIC
assigned to a device and remains fixed over time.

2. Static Routing
type of routing in which the routing table is manually configured
by the network administrator.
refers to something 3. Static MAC Address Table

that is fixed, used in situations where certain devices are always connected
to the same port
unchanging, or 4. Static Configuration vs Dynamic Configuration

manually configured. settings that are manually set and do not change automatically.

5. Static vs Dynamic in Other Contexts

• Static can also refer to things that remain constant or


unchanging.

• Dynamic refers to things that change or are capable of


change.

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