THE PHYSICAL SELF:

THE SELF AS Prepared by: Jomarie D.

IMPACTED BY THE Omana

BODY
SELF-UNDERSTANDING
It is the individual’s cognitive representation of
the self which consist of the substance and the
content of self-conception (Santrock, 2014).
The development of self-understanding in
adolescence can be described from simple to
perplex and involves a number of aspects of the
self
 the person’s understanding to self changes as
the person grows older
GROWING UP
GROWING UP
As children advance in age,
their interests change and with
these come changes in their
bodies or the physical selves.
Parents should respect their
teenagers privacy and allow
them enough space to grow.
Parents are always there ready
to listen and to provide support.
PHYSICAL SELF
Refers to the concrete dimensions
of the body
The tangible aspect of the person
which can be directly observed and
examined
Physical characteristics are the
defining traits or features of the
person’s body. The first thing a
person sees when he looks at
another could be their facial
features, hairstyle, clothes, or figure.
PHYSICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
Denifing traits or
features of the
person’s body
Physical looks
Facial features
Hairstyle
Clothes
Figure
ERIK ERIKSON
Believed in the
importance of the body
from early development
of physical and
intellectual skills
Basis to whether a
person has achieved a
sense of competence to
manage and face the
demand of life
complexities
WILLIAM
JAMES
Considered the
body as the initial
source of
sensation and
necessary for the
origin and
maintenance of
personality
PUBERTY

10-12 years of
age – beginning
of puberty
Transition
period in human
life span lasts
from 18 to 22
years of age
(Santrock, 2016)
PERIOD OF ADOLESCENCE
World Health Organization – 10 to 19 years
National Youth Commission – 15 to 30
years
Children.org – adolescence is divided into
three periods:
1. Early adolescence – 11 to 14 years old
2. Middle adolescence – 15 to 17 years old
3. Late adolescence – 18 to 21 years old
PUBERTY: A PERIOD
OF RAPID PHYSICAL
CHANGES
PUBERTY
Puberty is the process of physical changes by
which adolescents reach sexual maturity, i.e.
become capable of reproduction. Puberty refers to
the bodily changes, while adolescence is the period
of psychological and social transition between
childhood and adulthood.

Human development is a progressive process and

variations occur because of individual differences in
factors such as health, nurture and heredity
PUBERTY
Puberty is not the same as
adolescence because
puberty ends prior to the
end of the adolescent
period (Santrock, 2016)
Menarche – first
menstrual flow
Spermarche or
semenarche – first
ejaculation or nocturnal
emission (wet dreams)
PITUITARY GLAND
It is the master endocrine gland
that controls the growth and
regulates the functions of all
other endocrine glands
Sex Gonads Hormones

Girls ovary Estrogen

Boys testes Androgen,

testosterone
SEXUAL
CHANGES
Primary Sexual
Changes
Changes in the
reproductive organs
that prepare both boys
and girls for recreation
Secondary Sexual
Changes
These are physical
changes that
distinguish boys from
girls
BODY IMAGE
Psychological aspect of physical change in puberty
Refers to the way one sees himself/herself or the
way he/she imagines how he/she looks
How they see themselves can either be positive or
negative
BODY IMAGE
Research reveals that, adolescents with the most
positive body image are engage in health enhancing
behavior such as eating a balanced diet and exercising
regularly
Adolescents with poor body image may have
negative thoughts and feelings about their appearance
which can either be true or not
Healthy body image is made up of positive thoughts,
feelings and acceptance of one’s body and overall
physical appearance
BODY IMAGE
Imaginary audience
Young adolescence experience this as an egocentric
state where the individual imagines and believe that
many people are actively listening or watching
him/her.
In social psychology, it is called spotlight effect
which refers to the belief that others are paying
attention to the person’s appearance and behavior
than they really are
 FACTORS THAT
AFFECT PERCEPTION
OF THE PHYSICAL
SELF
PERSONAL FACTORS
Introspection and Self-reflection
Looking inward is one of the simplest way to
achieve self-knowledge
Introspection is the process by which one
observes and examines one’s internal state
(mental and emotional) after behaving in a
certain way (Hewstone, 2015)
PERSONAL FACTORS
Self-perception Theory
This theory explains that since one’s internal
state is difficult to interpret, people can infer
their inner states by observing their own
behavior as if they are an outside observer
Physical perception includes all aspects of a
person’s perception of his physical self
PERSONAL FACTORS
Self-concept
It is a cognitive representation of self-knowledge which
includes the sum total of all beliefs that people have
about themselves
It is a collection of all individual experiences involving
one’s characteristics, social roles, values, goals and
fears
Physical self-concept is the individual’s perception or
description of his physical self including his physical
appearance
PERSONAL FACTORS
Personal Identity
This is the concept a person has about
himself that develops over the years
This includes aspects of his life that he was
born into like family, nationality, gender,
physical traits, choices he makes, what he
does for a living, friends, belief
SOCIAL FACTORS
Attachment Process and Social Appraisal
People learn about their value and lovability when
they experience how their mothers or caregivers care
for them and respond to their needs
Positive self-concept – caregiver appropriately
responds to the infant’s needs
Negative self-concept – caregiving that is
neglectful and unresponsive
This is developed prior to achieving self-awareness
SOCIAL FACTORS
Maintaining, Regulating and Expanding
the Self in Interpersonal Relationships
The sense of self is continuously shaped
through ongoing interaction with others or
with significant relationship partners
They act as “private audiences” with whom
people carry an internal dialogue
SOCIAL FACTORS
The Looking-glass Self Theory
Charles Horton Cooley stated that a person’s
self grows out of society’s interpersonal
interactions and the perception of others
The self-image is shaped and reflected from
the social world
Reflected appraisals
SOCIAL FACTORS
Social Comparison
It is a process of comparing oneself
with others in order to evaluate one’s
own abilities and opinions
Upward social comparison
Downward social comparison
SOCIAL FACTORS
Social Identity Theory (Collective
Identity Theory)
People achieve understanding about
themselves by being a member of their
group
Social groups include gender, ethnicity,
religion, profession, political membership,
and business organizations
SOCIAL FACTORS
Social Identity Theory (Collective Identity
Theory)
SELF IDENTITY
The person that someone truly It is who a person believes he
is or the entire person of the or she is, representing a
individual synthesis and integration of
self-understanding
The total characteristics of a The traits and characteristics,
person both known and social relations, roles and
unknown to others but known social group memberships that
to oneself define who one is
A way of making sense of
 THE IMPACT OF CULTURE ON
BODY IMAGE AND SELF-ESTEEM:
THE IMPORTANCE OF BEAUTY
CULTURE
It is defined as a social
system that is
characterized by the shared
meanings that are
attributed to people and
events by its members
This is another factor that
strongly impact a person’s
view of his physical self
BEAUTY
The quality of being
physically attractive or
the qualities in a person
or a thing that give
pleasure to the senses or
the mind.
“beauty is in the eye of
the beholder”
 THE FILIPINO
CONCEPT OF BEAUTY
THE FILIPINO CONCEPT OF
BEAUTY
Eurocentrism – defined as “a tendency to interpret
the world in terms of European or Anglo-American
values and experiences”
Colorism – it is defined as “the prejudicial or
preferential treatment of same-race people based
solely on the color of their skin”
These two have significant effects on the body
image and identities of the common Filipino
SELF-ESTEEM AND
THE IDEAL BODY
IMAGE
SELF-ESTEEM
The overall evaluation that a person has of
himself which can be positive or negative,
high or low
It is a measure of the person’s self-worth
based on some personal or social standard
People with positive or high self-esteem are
happier, have a sense of accomplishment and
purpose and relate well with others
SELF-ESTEEM
There are several factors that may affect a person’s self-
esteem and physical appearance is one of them
Adolescent’s body image includes the following:
1. Perception of their physical self when they look in the
mirror
2. Feelings of like or dislike about the physical self that
they see
3. Their thoughts and how they relate to their physical
self
4. Perception of how other people view them physically
SELF-ESTEEM
The following are some aspects in culture that
may have led to misconceptions:
1. Society’s ideals of the perfect physical form
2. Images of perfection adolescents see in all
types of media
3. Since a standard has been set by society and
reinforced by media, any characteristic that
does not conform to the standard is labelled
as ugly.
SELF-ESTEEM
Adolescence is the period where self-
identity is formed, it is important for
adults in the environment to listen and
provide proper guidance and support
Being beautiful still depends on how a
person defines beauty and the standards
he sets to meet this definition
THANK YOU!
ACTIVITY NO.6: THE
PHYSICAL SELF
1. Choose five physical characteristics of
yourself that you consider beautiful. Took a
picture of it and paste it in a word document
and explain why do you consider it as your
best asset.
2. Choose another five photo of a person that
you consider beautiful and describe what for
you is beautiful about each one of them and
why.