HISTORY OF HUMAN

SETTLEMENT
AND PLANNING THEORIES

ASSIGNMENT 1

PATTERNS OF
SETTLEMENT IN

SUBMITTED BY- SUBMITTED TO-

HARSH AGARWAL AR SHALINI DIWAKER

Jaipur, the capital city of Rajasthan, India, has a unique and
evolving settlement pattern that reflects both its historical origins
and modern growth dynamics. Below are the key patterns of
settlement observed in Jaipur:
Planned City (Walled City - Pink City)Historical Planning:
Jaipur, founded in 1727 by Maharaja Jai Singh II, is one of India’s
first planned cities. The city was designed using a grid pattern, with
the central area known as the Pink City (or Old City). The plan
incorporated traditional Hindu principles of urban design and vastu
shastra (science of architecture).
Concentric Circles: The settlement pattern within the walled city is
marked by a radial design emanating from the central area. Roads
are wide, and buildings follow uniform architectural styles,
primarily featuring ornate gates and distinct pink-colored facades.
Key Features: The Old City features residential buildings, narrow
lanes, temples, markets, and landmarks like the City Palace, Hawa
Mahal, and Jantar Mantar. The old city is divided into several
blocks (or mohallas) with distinct functions such as commercial,
residential, and recreational.
Radial Expansion Outward Growth:

After the formation of the Old City, Jaipur gradually expanded

outward in a concentric manner. New settlements began forming in
the areas surrounding the walled city, creating distinct
neighborhoods and zones.
Primary Growth Zones: Areas such as C-Scheme, Bapu Nagar, and
M.I. Road emerged as prominent centers for commercial,
administrative, and residential development.

Road and Street Patterns: Major roads like M.I. Road, Tonk Road,
and Sardar Patel Marg serve as central arteries connecting the old
city to the newer parts. These roads are aligned with the expanding
settlement pattern.
SUBURBAN SPRAWL

Post-Independence Growth: After India's independence, Jaipur

experienced rapid suburbanization due to increased population,
migration, and industrialization. This sprawl has continued through
the 20th and 21st centuries, with new residential colonies and
neighborhoods spreading outward from the original city.
Development of Suburbs: Areas like Mansarovar, Vaishali Nagar,
Jagatpura, and Malviya Nagar have witnessed rapid residential
growth. These suburbs typically feature low-density residential
layouts with independent houses, apartment complexes, and local
markets.
Accessibility via Roads: The expansion is facilitated by improved
infrastructure, including highways and roads such as Ajmer Road,
Agra Road, and Sikar Road.

MIXED-USE AND COMMERCIAL ZONES

Commercial Hubs: The central areas of Jaipur, especially around

M.I. Road, C-Scheme, and Tonk Road, have developed as
commercial hubs. These areas feature a mix of retail spaces, offices,
hotels, and cultural institutions.
Markets: Traditional markets like Johari Bazaar and Bapu Bazaar
have maintained their commercial character, serving as focal points
for both residents and tourists
Mixed Land Use: The older parts of the city, especially the walled
city, have a mixed-use zoning pattern where commercial activities
often blend with residential spaces. For instance, shops and
businesses operate in the same buildings as residences, a pattern less
common in newer suburban areas.
PUBLIC PLACES

BAZAAR
INDUSTRIAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ZONES

Industrial Development: Over the years, Jaipur has developed

specific industrial zones, such as Sitapura, Mansarovar, and Bagru.
These areas primarily focus on industries such as textiles,
handicrafts, and manufacturing.

Institutional Areas: The development of educational institutions,

medical centers, and government buildings has led to the emergence
of institutional zones. The University Road area, home to
institutions like the University of Rajasthan and Jawahar Lal Nehru
Marg, has developed as an institutional hub.
VERTICAL EXPANSION

Vertical Growth in Central Areas: With increasing demand for

space in central areas, vertical development is becoming more
common, particularly in commercial and mixed-use zones. High-
rise buildings and apartment complexes are emerging in areas like
C-Scheme, M.I. Road, and Tonk Road.

New Urban Centers: To accommodate the growing population and

modern infrastructure, high-rise buildings are being constructed,
especially in areas like Vaishali Nagar and Malviya Nagar, which
are experiencing the transformation from low-rise to high-rise
developments.
INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS AND SLUMS RURAL

Urban Migration: Jaipur, like many other growing cities, faces

migration from rural areas. Migrants often settle on the city’s
periphery, in informal settlements or slums. These areas tend to lack
proper infrastructure, sanitation, and water supply but grow rapidly
due to migration for job opportunities.
Examples: Areas like Jhotwara, Shastri Nagar, and Sanjay Colony
have informal settlements where people live in temporary or semi-
permanent structures.
CULTURAL AND HERITAGE INFLUENCES

Cultural Centers and Heritage Sites: Jaipur's settlement pattern is

strongly influenced by its cultural and historical legacy. The Amer
Fort, Jaigarh Fort, and Nahargarh Fort are examples of areas where
settlements were historically built around forts and palaces. . These
areas still retain cultural significance and attract tourism
Religious and Pilgrimage Sites: Areas near significant religious or
pilgrimage sites, like Galta Ji Temple and Birla Mandir, have
settlements that cater to religious tourism and local devotees.

ENVIRONMENTAL AND TOPOGRAPHICAL

CONSTRAINTS
Aravalli Hills: The geographical location of Jaipur, surrounded by
the Aravalli Hills, restricts the city’s expansion in certain directions.
Most of the settlement has occurred in the plains, and urban
development has been constrained by the hills on three sides. As a
result, Jaipur’s growth has been focused primarily in the southern,
eastern, and western directions, while the north and northeast are
less developed due to hilly terrain.
Water Supply and Green Spaces: The availability of water and
open land has also influenced where settlements have been
established. Areas with better access to water sources, such as near
lakes and reservoirs, have seen more development.
MODERN DEVELOPMENT AND "EDGE CITIES“

Emerging Suburban Hubs: As Jaipur continues to grow, areas on

the outskirts like Sitapura, Jagatpura, Mansarovar, and Sanganer are
emerging as new hubs for residential, commercial, and industrial
development. These “edge cities” or new urban zones are becoming
increasingly important as the city expands.

Smart City Initiatives: Jaipur has been included in the Smart

Cities Mission by the Indian government, which is focusing on
improving infrastructure, mobility, and technology integration to
manage urbanization in the future.