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LEC 5 - LD - ARCH3131 - Landscape Design-How To Get Started

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13 views18 pages

LEC 5 - LD - ARCH3131 - Landscape Design-How To Get Started

Uploaded by

bitaniyamesfin7
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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INTRODUCTION TO LANDSCAPE DESIGN

LECTURE V

By: Helen Zeray (Msc.)

Nov 2022, Bahir


Dar

DISCLAIMER: THIS PRESENTATION IS PREPARED FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSE ONLY AND MAKES NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY AS TO THE ACCURACY AND COMPLETENESS OF THE CONTENT. ALL
COPYRIGHTED MATERIALS (INCLUDING THE DRAWINGS, SKETCHES, IMAGES, TEXTS AND OTHER CONTENTS) IN THIS PRESENTATION BELONG TO THE RESPECTIVE COPYRIGHT OWNERS, AND HAVE BEEN USED IN
THIS PRESENTATION FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSE ONLY.
Landscape Design: How to get
started
Landscape Design

• The art of developing property for its greatest use and


enjoyment
– Involves understanding the environment around the
structure and selecting plants that perform well in that
environment.
• Good design results in adding value to property and
enhancing quality of life.
• Good design requires careful thought about how plant
material and construction materials can be used
to develop long-range plan.
Landscape Value Determinants
• Aesthetic appeal
• Economic value
• Functional Value
• Environmental concerns
Aesthetics
• Does the design add
visual beauty to the
surroundings?
• Are undesirable
features downplayed
and desirable features
showcased?
• Does it appeal to all five
senses?
– Sight,
– Hearing,
– Touch,
– Taste, and
– Smell
Economic Value
• Property value can be increased 6 to 20 % with good landscaping
design.
• The function of landscaping is to enhance the structure, not
overpower it.
• Landscaping can
– Reduce energy costs by buffering seasonal temperatures.
– Reduce wind speed to make outdoor life more comfortable.
Functional Value
• Good design
increases the
total usage of
site: i.e.,
screens, shade,
open spaces,
decks, pools,
patios.
• Choice of plant
material can cut
down on
maintenance, such
as ground cover
on a steep slope
can help prevent
erosion from wind
or water.
Environmental Concerns

Landscaping can
• Reduce glare and
wind.
• Use water more
efficiently.
• Help clean the air
of dust and
pollutants.
• Provide wildlife
habitat.
Landscape Design Process
Step 1: Analyze the site and develop a base
plan:
– Determine what already exists on the site,
draw and dimension them on base plan.
– Check the area’s arbor laws.
– Developing a base plan:
• Locate property boundaries and existing structures.
• Note the North arrow.
• Locate position of existing utilities such as above
ground power, underground gas, water, and sewer
pipes.
• Indicate significant existing plants.
• Note specific use areas, such as play or delivery areas.
• Note environmental factors, such as sun path, wind
direction, soil characteristics, and topography.
• Locate views (good and bad) and determine if they
need to be screened or framed.
Landscaping Design Process Continued:

• Step 2: Determine landscape needs and


sketch out a plan to meet those needs.
• There are three major areas to consider:
1. Service
• Garbage collection
• Structure’s utilities
• A/C and heating
• Power drop
• Water hookup
2. Public
• Access to structure
• Parking
3. Private
• Entertainment
• Sports Area
Landscaping Design Process Continued:

• Step 2: Continued:
• Bubble diagrams are used to lay out
the general location and spatial
relationships of specific areas.
• Walkways should be wide enough for
two adults to walk comfortably side by
side; direct straight pathways are
generally preferred.
Landscaping Design Process Continued:

Step 3: Choose the plant and


construction materials that will be
used.
• Basic principles used to choose materials:

– 1. Unity- tying the landscape and structure


together:
• Gives a sense of visual flow.
• Achieved with use of different materials having the same
colors, forms, or textures.
– 2. Simplicity
• Employs a limited number of plant species
– 3. Variety
• Focuses attention on the desirable aspects of site and
structure
Landscaping Design Process Continued:

• Step 3 continued:
– 4. Balance
• Balances the visual appearance of
landscape
• Two types of balance
– Symmetric - mirror image, more formal, static
– Asymmetric - different on each side, creates more
movement, more dynamic

– 5. Sequence
• Directs the eye to the focal point
– Entrance, specimen plant

– 6. Proportion or scale
• Relates objects, plant and construction material to one
another
• Evokes emotion
Plant Materials
Large plant material humbles the observer while
small creates dominance or power.
Principles of Design
Plant material is the building block of landscape
design. The principles of design (form, texture, and
color) play a significant role in choosing plant
material
1. Form
• Plant’s outline or silhouette
2. Texture
• Visual appearance
3. Color
• For strongest effect, 80% to 90% should
be foliage not flowers
Plant Choice Factors
– Cold hardiness factors
– Light requirement
– Moisture content
– Soil drainage needs
– Soil pH requirement
– Pest susceptibility
– Rate of growth and mature size
http://www.usna.usda.gov/Hardzone/ushzmap.html
Landscaping Design Process
Continued:
Step 4:Create your design on paper.
Using standard symbols, depict the plant material: the
outside circles are drawn to the scale of the canopy.
Symbols and plant material are identified in a key on the
drawing.
Broadleaf Broadleaf
deciduous evergreen
tree or shrub tree or
shrub

Needle Shrubs in a
evergreen grouping

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