SCIENTIA (BIASA)

OBJECTIVES:
1. Describe the historical background and cultural VIRTUS (MAGANACA)
background of Latin and Popular music
1. Manifest awareness of Afro- Latin
2. Evaluate music and music performances using
American culture
knowledge of musical elements and style
2. Deepen understanding about the
3. Distinguish the different classifications of African
Afro-Latin Popular music by
musical instruments
listening to their songs and
through research

COMMUNITAS (MAYAP)
1. Sing selections of Afro-Latin and Popular music in appropriate pitch,
rhythm, style and expression
2. Listen perceptively to Afro-Latin and Popular music
3. Improvise simple vocal/instrumental accomplishments to selected
songs
4. Choreograph a chosen dance music
 African music is a
tradition mainly played
at gatherings at
special occasions. It
consists of complex
rhythmic patterns, often
involving one rhythm
played against another
to create a polyrhythm
Traditional Music of Africa- plays an They use music in their;
important role in their life, from birth Work, religious ceremonies, rituals, festivities
until death and mode of conversation

African music is usually passed on orally

from generation to generation and is not
written.
 STYLES OF AFRICAN MUSIC

Combines West African styles such as Yoruba music, jazz, highlife,

Afrobeat funk rhythms and fused with African percussion

A musical style developed in the late 1930 from Nigerian people of

Apala (Akpala) Yoruba. This style was used during the Islamic holy month of
Ramadan

Influenced by Cuban music

Instruments they used are rattle, thumb piano, bell and talking drums
 Is a popular style of music fused with Afro-Carribean styles of
marcha , reggae and calypso
Originated in Brazil
Axe
Axe came from Yoruba religious greetings which means soul,
light, or good vibration

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T1pSSeU-EMI

It is a popular style of Zimbabwean that features quick and fast

rhythm played on a drums accompanied by guitar
Jit
 A lively and uninhibited variation of the Jitterbug (form of swing)
Jive originated in the US in early 1930s from African-American

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=73KjGH7jcMI

A popular style of music from Nigeria that derives from Yoruba

percussion

Juju
It is characterized by the African talking drums, agogo, sekere omelet
along with western instruments such as guitars, bass, keyboards and
drums

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HJFu-9Ri2OI
 A dance style which begun in Zaire developed in 1980 to early 90s.
Kwassa Dancers move their hands in a motion that corresponds to the
Kwassa movement of their hips

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F1s8PVxm1y4

A name given to a keyboard style similar to American ragtime and

blues with roots of African tradition originated in 1920s.
Marabi
Characterized by repeated harmonic patterns and few simple chords

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9EkZAEKbvfM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NznMBXbDSkI
 1. Maracatu

It is an ancient carnival tradition

found in Pernambuco in the NE
Brazil. Maracatu has its roots in the
sugar fazendas where black African
slaves formed religious brotherhoods
to preserve their culture and heritage
It is performed by parading 80-100
drum ensemble , singer, chorus with a
group of dancers
It combines the strong percussive rhythm
of AFRICAN elements and PORTUGUESSE
melodies
BAQUE or TOQUE- the rhythm of
Maracatu

It is also known as crowning the

slave King and Queen, celebrated
with music and dance
2. BLUES The style of music in the late 19th century. The term
may have come from the term ”blue devils” which
means melancholy and sadness or blue indigo, a
color worn by many West African cultures in death
and mourning in ceremonies to indicate suffering

Elements Characteristics
4/4 time signature
Rhythm Emphasis on “shuffle beat” (off beat)

Melody Single lyric line repeated 3 times

Harmony Call-response
Form 12 bar structure
Who are the
famous R&B
singers?
 A popular music genre in the late 1950s and early 1960s
3. SOUL
originated in the US . it incorporates the elements of African-
American gospel music, rhythm and blues and jazz.

Characteristics: strong beat and emphasis on singing

Other characteristics include call and response, use of
improvisation, twirls and auxiliary sounds

Marvin Gaye

Stevie Wonder
 It is a religious folk songs of African-American in the early 19 th century,
4. derived from the King James Bible’s translation of Ephesians 5:19
SPIRITUA It was created by African slaves in US, imparting Christian values and
L hardships of slavery.

Characteristics: monophonic and

cappella - Italian phrase which means 'in the style of the chapel
Famous Singers:

Deva Premal, Steven Halpern, Paul Robson

 5. CALL- AND RESPONSE

Example of
-astyle of music composition wherein Songs:
a vocalist or instrumentalist sings or A Girl Like You - Edwyn Collins.
plays a phrase. Boys Keep Swinging - David Bowie.
- It is also a style where the leader Come And Get Your Love - Redbone.
sings a line and answered by chorus Hello, You Beautiful Thing - Jason Mraz.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9l5U_UjUl8k
 CLASSIFICATION OF AFRICAN INSTRUMENTS

A. Idiophones 2. Shekere – is a beaded handmade rattle. It consist of a

hollow gourd or calabash, covered with a net of seeds, beads,
shells or any available materials from West Africa.
1. Balafon – is a wooden xylophone
which plays melodic tunes and
Agbe a very large beaded calabash traditionally owned
usually has between 16 to 27 keys
and played by professional musician.
 B.
Membranophones 2. Djembe (Zhem-bay) – is a single headed goblet drum
played with bare hands. Africa’s most popular and functional
instrument because of unusual range of pitches
1. Talking drum – one of the most respected - It is hallowed out of trunk of the tree and covered with a
drum in Southern Nigeria similar to Kalangu goat skin
drum of Northern Nigeria. It is used with a
beater and can imitate a speech patterns, they
use a signals for warnings and announcements
- It leads most of the musical instruments
 2. Kora is a long-necked harp lute with twenty one
C. Chordophones
Chordophones
leather or nylon strings, played by plucking with the fingers,
and combines features of the lute and a harp.
1. Adungu is a kind of African harp considered as
the most striking string instrument because it is
often exceptionally beautiful form and
decoration
 D. Aerophones 2. Kudu is the ancestor of the loud,
buzzing South African vuvuzela and is
reminiscent of the Jewish ritual ram's
1. Nyanga is an African pan pipe that horn known as a shofar. It occasionally
creates complex. Playing the instrument used in Jewish ceremonies
involve blowing, singing and dancing.
Mini Task:
Study and perform the song below. Use
improvised instruments, and appropriate movements
for the song.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NI_CpS95ptA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8x9rOt1XF7c
Rubric title: Rubric for a short musical presentation
Target Intelligence: Musical
Performance Task: Each student will study and perform an
excerpt of the African Folk
song “Tina Singu”
Objective: Sing and choreograph an excerpt of African folk song,
for them to appreciate the music of other country following the
given criteria below.

CRITERIA Very Good (10) Good (8) Fair (6) NI (4)

Tone quality

Pitch

Rhythm

Choreography

Expression and style

Total
Salsa music is a popular dance music genre
that initially arose in New York City during
the 1960s. Salsa is the product of various
Cuban musical genres including the Afro-
Cuban son montuno, guaracha, cha cha chá,
mambo, and to an extent the Puerto Rican
Plena and Bomba
Samba is a Brazilian music genre and dance style,
with its roots in Africa via the West African ...
Influenced by American orchestras in vogue since
the Second World War and the cultural impact of
US .

It is considered the dance of joy in Rio’s Carnival

celebration
Soca music is a genre of music that originated in
Trinidad and Tobago in the early 1970s and
soca is an offshoot of Kaiso/Calypso, with
influences from Latin, and Cadence. . Soca simply
means the " (So)ul of (Ca)lypso",
 Zouk is a sensual partner dance made popular in
the French Caribbean commonly used to refer to
the "Brazilian Zouk" dance style.

It I also called Zouk-Lambada

Characteristic feature of Brazilian Zouk is the

follower's upper body movements which are led
out of axis by intricate leading and following
techniques.
VOCAL and DANCE MUSIC IN LATIN
AMERICAN?
Cumbia dance music similar to salsa of
Columbian origin which is accompanied by
guitar, accordions, bass guitar and percussion.

It is started as courtship dance performed in

the street by pairs.
 Tango one of the fascinating of all the dance originated in
Buenos Aires in the late 19th century. It is a dance in duple
meter

Characteristics: long gliding steps, abrupt pauses. Popular

ballroom dance in Europe

Rumba one of the most sensual Latin dance styles of

Cuban origin.

It is a dance of love and passion in a slow serious

romantic dance with flirtation between the partners. It
was introduced by the African slaves in the 16th century
 Bossa Nova is a Brazilian style of music developed and
Cha Cha Cha is an energetic modern dance popularized in the 1950s in Rio de Janeiro. The term
similar to mambo, which involves small fast “bossa” means new trend .
steps and swaying hip movements.
Antonio Carlos Jobim is the most important figure in
Originated in Cuba, and in 1950s it became a the development of Bossa nova style with his bossa
popular social ballroom dance in US nova song The Girl from Ipanema

Sitti Navarro (Philippines) Queen of bossa nova song

“Para sa Akin”
Reggae is a type of popular Caribbean music originated in Jamaica in
1960s . The music usually expresses news, ,social protest, and
political comment.

Became widely known through the work of Bob Marley and his band
“The Wailers in 1970.

Characteristics: strong syncopated rhythm blending with blues,

calypso and rock n roll

Paso Doble is a Spanish folk dance which means “two steps”. It is a

dance in duple meter which was originally used during the
procession at the beginning of the bullfight. Dancers dramatize the
movements of the toreador at the bullfight.

The dance became the passion of the upper classes in the Paris
around 1930.
Listen and Sing Louis Armstrong’s popular song “What a Wonderful World”,
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= MnbLRCIJKbE

Activity No. 1 Song Interpretation

From the lyrics of the song “What a Wonderful World , draw on your notebook the kind of world
being described in the song. Color your drawing
Jazz is a music genre that
originated in the African- TYPES OF POPULAR MUSIC
American communities of
New Orleans, Louisiana
A sentimental and popular
song that tells a story in a
short stanza, simple words,
with repetition and refrain

1. Ballad
From French chanson
balladee or “ballade”
which originally refers to
dancing song
2.STANDARD A song that remained popular https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w019MzRosmk
for several decades and
performed by musicians or
bands https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y2rDb4Ur2dw

A song that Frank

remained popular
for several decades
Sinatra
and performed by
musicians or bands

- Ol’ Blue Eyes

- My Way
- Strangers in the
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GfAb0gNPy6s
 It is a mixture of country music, rhythm and blues, jazz and
3. ROCK gospel music played with an electric guitar, bass guitar, drum
and ROLL set, piano or keyboard

Originated from Elvis Presley was considered the “King

Africa and of Rock and Roll”
developed in the Famous songs:
US during the late Heartbreak Hotel
1940s to the 1950s
Blue Suede Shoes

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bm5HKlQ6nGM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aNYWl13IWhY
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jenWdylTtzs

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4YWyFIzSeXI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mwBdWVTR-o8

The BEATLES- most famous and

successful band in the world

Famous Songs:
I Saw he Standing There
Get Back
Rock and Roll Music
Ticket to Ride
 4.POP
MUSIC

Defined as “any commercially

oriented music and
appreciated by a wide -has a good rhythm, a catchy
audience in literate technology melody, and are easy to remember
advanced societies dominated and sing along to
by urban culture

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pkqtX_v_zuo
 Some of the Pop Singers and
their Hit Songs

Diana Ross – Stop in the name of Love

Olivia Newton John – Hopelessly Devoted To You
Elton John – Skyline Pigeon
The Carpenters – We’ve Only Just Begun
Barry Manilow- Mandy

POP Superstars are:

Michael Jackson - “The King of Pop” - Thriller, Bad, Dangerous
Celine Dion – My Heart will Go On
Madonna – Material Girl
Whitney Houston – I Will Always Love You
Mariah Carey – Hero
Justin Timberlake – Justified
Britney Spears – Ooops, I Did it Again
Beyonce – Irreplaceable
Lady gaga- Bad Romance
Bruno Mars – Just the Way You Are etc.
 A style of dance music popular in 1970s consisting the elements of funk,
soul pop and salsa.
5. DISCO Disco music usually accompanied by strings, horns, electric guitars, electric
piano or synthesizers

The term “disco” came from the

French word “discotheque” which
Some Disco hits and performers in 1970
means a library of phonograph
records

Dancing Queen, Mamma Mia by ABBA

Stayin’ Alive, How Deep is you Love by Bee Gees
YMCA, Macho Man by Village People
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xFrGuyw1V8s https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CS9OO0S5w2k

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XpqqjU7u5Yc
 It was developed from the independent music underground of
6.
the 1980s
ALTERNATIVE
MUSIC "Alternative" refers to the genre's distinction from
mainstream or commercial rock or pop music.

Alternative music is loosely defined. ...

It became widely popular in 1990s has unorthodox vocals
and 2000s this genre was regarded uses unusual musical structures
doesn't abide by length guidelines
as more eclectically , original and
challenging
Some alternative bands are;
Every Avenue
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wXAXOme9pEc
Naked and Famous

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SNJu_0YEGkc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sxEqw4e0q80
 UAJHS Advocacies

Apply lifelong skills in facing new challenges especially this time

of pandemic, we need to be more cheerful despite of the
problems that we are experiencing.

Music tells not only of the daily life, grief, joy and experience of these past
generations, but also makes us aware of the important events that
contributed to music.
Activity No.2: After discussing the types of popular music
describe each of the following styles and genres of popular
music. Give 2 characteristics of every genre and write a
representative artist/s
Types Description Style/genres Characteristics Artist

Rock and Roll

Standard

Ballad

Pop

Disco