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Our Lesson For Second Semester

This is our lesson for the second semester

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nathalierosento2
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33 views17 pages

Our Lesson For Second Semester

This is our lesson for the second semester

Uploaded by

nathalierosento2
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Illustrates the

mean and variance


of a Discrete
Random Variable
You have learned from your previous study of
mathematics how to find the mean and variance of
ungrouped and grouped data. You also learned how
to describe data using mean and variance.
This lesson serves as a self-learning guide for
the learners on different mathematical key concepts
of random variables related to illustrate and
compute the mean and variance of a discrete
probability distribution.
A random variable is a function that associates a real number
with each element in
the sample space. It is a variable whose values are determined by
chance.
A random variable is a discrete random variable if its set of
possible outcomes is
countable. Mostly, discrete random variables represent countable data,
such as the
number of books in the library, the number of patients in a hospital, etc.
A discrete probability distribution or a probability mass
function consists of the values a
random variable can assume and the corresponding probabilities of the
values.
Example 1. Number of Spots
Consider rolling a die. What is the average number of spots that
would appear? The
following activity will help you answer this question.

Steps in Finding the Mean of a Discrete Probability Distribution


Step 1. Construct the probability distribution for the random variable
X.
Step 2. Multiply the value of the random variable X by the
corresponding probability.
Step 3. Add the results obtained in Step 2.
Solution:
Steps Solution
1. Construct the Number of Spots X Probability P(X)
probability 1
distribution for the
2
random variable X.
3
Here, X represents the 4
number of spots that 5
would appear.
6
Steps Solution
2. Multiply the Number of Probability P(X)
value of the Spots X
random variable 1
X by the
2
corresponding
probability. 3
4
5
6
Steps Solution
3. Add results Number of Probability P(X)
obtained in Step Spots X
2. 1
2
3
4
5
6
SUM/TOTAL
The value obtained in Step 3 is called the
expected value of the random variable X.
What does the mean tell us? The mean tells us
the average number of spots that would appear
in rolling a die. So, the average number of spots
that would appear is 3.5.
although the die will never show a number,
which is 3.5, this implies that rolling the die
many times, the theoretical mean would be 3.5.
Example 2. Number of Cars Sold
The number of cars sold per day at Santiago’s Car
Dealership Company, along with its corresponding probabilities,
is shown in the succeeding table. Compute the variance and the
standard deviation of the probability distribution by following
the given steps.
Steps in Finding the Variance and Standard
Deviation of a Discrete Probability Distribution
Step 1. Find the mean of the probability distribution.
Step 2. Subtract the mean from each value of the
random variable X.
Step 3. Square each difference obtained from step 2.
Step 4. Multiply the results obtained in Step 3 by the
corresponding probability.
Step 5. Get the sum of the results obtained in Step 4.
Solution: Steps Solution
1. Find the Number of Probability
mean of Cars Sold X P(X)
the 0
probability
distribution 1
using the
formula 2

4
Solution:
2. Number of Probabilit
Subtract Cars Sold y P(X)
the mean X
from each 0
value of
the
random 1
variable X. 2.2
2

4
Solution:
3. Numbe Probabil
Square r of ity P(X)
each Cars
differenc Sold X
e 0
obtained
from
step 2. 1
2.2
2

4
Solution:
4. Number Probabil
Multiply of Cars ity P(X)
the Sold X
results 0
obtained
in Step 3
by the 1
correspo 2.2
nding
2
probabilit
y.
3

4
Solution:
5. Get the sum of Number Probabilit
the results of Cars y P(X)
obtained in Step Sold X
4. The results is 0
the value of the
variance. So, the
1
formula for the
variance is 2.
2
2

4
Solution:

6. Get the The variance of the probability


square root of distribution is 1.56.
the variance The standard deviation is .
to get the
standard
deviation.
ACTIVITY: PPE ITEMS
The probabilities that the Philippines
will purchase 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 PPE items
in Soriano’s Medical Supply Company are
respectively. What is the average number
of PPE items that the Philippines will
purchase?

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