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37 views

dublas (2)

Uploaded by

Ian Jasper Fernando
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tempo and

Dynamics
Lesson objectives:
At the end of the lessons,you will
be able to;
a. perform the different tempo
markings;
b. identify the tempo markings
present in a musical score;
c. identify the different types of
dynamics in music; and
d. recognize the different
symbols of dynamics in a musical
sheet.
Tempo
The tempo of a piece of music is its
speed. There are two ways to specify a
tempo. Metronome markings are
absolute and specific. Other tempo
markings are verbal descriptions which
are more relative and
subjective.Markings that ask the player
to deviate slightly from the main
tempo, such as ritardando (Gradual
Tempo Changes) may appear either
above or below the staff.
Metronome Markings
Metronome markings are given in beats per
minute. They can be estimated using a clock
with
a second hand, but the easiest way to find
them is with a metronome, which is a tool that
can
give a beat-per-minute tempo as a clicking
sound or a pulse of light.
These are some examples of
metronome markings.
Four four time (quarter
note gets one beat) 88
beats, or 88 quarter
notes, per minute.

Cut time (two two)


(half note gets one
beat) 120 beats, or
120 half notes, per
Six eight time
Probably dotted quarter
gets one beat 80 dotted
quarters per minute
(This would be the same
speed as=240 .)

Six eight time


148 eighth notes per minute
Could be conducted in a fast six
(eighth note gets one beat
or in a slow two (dotted quarter
gets one beat about=50 .)
Tempo Terms

A temp o m a rk in g th a t is a w o rd o r p h rase

gives y o u th e co m p o se r' s ide a o f h o w fa st

the music

should feel. Traditionally, tempo


instructions are given in Italian.
Some Common Tempo Marking

•Grave - very slow and solemn (pronounced "GRAH-


vay"
• Largo - slow and broad ("LAR-go") •
Larghetto - not quite as slow as largo ("lar-
GET-oh")
•Adagio - slow ("uh-DAH-jee-
oh")
•Lento - slow ("LEN-
toe")
•Andante - literally "walking", a medium slow
tempo ("on-DON-tay")
• Moderato - moderate, or medium ("MOD-er-AH-toe")

• Allegretto - Not as fast as allegro ("AL-luh-GRET-


oh")
• Allegro - fast ("uh-LAY-grow")

•Vivo, or Vivace - lively and brisk ("VEE-voh")

• Presto - very fast ("PRESS-toe")

•Prestissimo - very, very fast ("press-TEE-see-moe")


These terms, along with a little more Italian, will help
you decipher most tempo
instructions. More useful Italian.

• (un) poco – little by little ("oon POH-


koe")
•molto - a lot ("MOLE-
toe")
• piu - more
•meno("pew")
- less ("MAY-no")
• mosso - literally "moved"; motion or
movement ("MOE-so")
Gradual Tempo Changes

• accelerando - (abbreviated accel.) accelerating;


getting faster

• ritardando - (abbrev. rit.) slowing down

• ritenuto - (abbrev. riten.) slower

• rallentando - (abbrev. rall.) gradually slower


• rubato - don't be too strict with the rhythm;
while keeping the basic tempo, allow the
music to gently speed up and relax in ways that
emphasize the phrasing

• poco a poco - little by little; gradually


Dynamics
It refers to the volume of a sound
or note. The term is also applied
to the written or printed musical
notation used to indicated
dynamics. Dynamics are relative
and do not refer to specific
volume levels.
Dynamic Markings
Pianissim
is an Italian word for very soft.
o When a musical passage is to be
played

very softly, it will be indicated by pp


as shown on the left.
Piano is an Italian word for soft. When p appears
in a musical passage, it indicates
that the music should be played softly.
is an Italian term meaning medium
Mezzo- or moderate. In music, mezzo-piano
Piano is

indicated by mp, which tells the


performer to play moderately-soft.

is an Italian word for loud. Therefore,


Mezzo-Forte mezzo-forte (mf) in a musical passage

means that it should be played


moderately-loud.
Forte
When you see f, the musical
passage is to be played forte, or
loudly.

Fortissimo
is an Italian word for very loud. When you
see ff in a musical passage,it is to be
played very loudly.
Crescendo, abbreviated cresc.It is the term
Crescendo that translates as
'growing'. The crescendo symbol will be the
entire length of themusical passage that is to
gradually get louder.

Decrescendo abbreviated decresc.


abbreviated dim.Gradually getting
/Deminuendo softer”.The symbol will be the entire
length of the musical passage that is to
gradually get softer
Thank You

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