GROUP

MEMBER
1.AKSHAT
SUDARSHANAM
2.AMAN RAI
3.AYUSH KUMAR

IN THE SUPERVISION
4.AKSHAY KUMAR
DR.VIPIN
OF
SHARMA
 RADAR
SYSTEM
 INTRODUCTION

RADAR system is an object detection or tracking system which uses radio waves to decide or get the range,
height, heading, or speed of items or objects. Radar frameworks or system arrive in an assortment of sizes and
have distinctive performance particulars. Some radars are utilized for aviation authority at air terminals and
others are utilized for long range observation and earlycautioning frameworks There are some ways to show
radar working data. There are also some modified radar systems which have advance technology of handling the
systems. These modified system are used at higher levels to get or extract the helpful or important data . Our
proposed system’s working principle is linked by the following components which are is ultra-sonic sensor
connected to the microcontroller (we have chosen Arduino) digital input and output pins. Then we have servo
motor which is also connected to digital output and input pins. Our both main components ultra-sonic sensor and
servo motor are connected simultaneously, so that when our servo motor rotates from 0 degree to 180 degree
from extreme right to extreme left the motor will rotate nearby its axis [3]. We utilize Computer screen to
demonstrate the data (distance and angle) through software called “Processing development Environment
 METHODOLOGY

In order to testify the working of this system, after its designing, construction and
programming we placed few objects in front of the ultrasonic sensor. As the motor
started to rotate, our monitor started to display the output through processing IDE.
Hence, when the sensor crossed over the object it showed a red segment with the
distance and angle where the object is paced. The first object was placed at the
distance of 30.5cm measured through a ruler and the system measured the
distance at 32cm.While the second object was placed at a distance of 20 cm and
the system measured it as 21cm. Hence the calculated efficiency turned out to be
95%.
PARTS OF RADAR
SYSTEM
 COMPONENT
REQUIRED
1.ARDUNIO UNO BAND
2 .ULTRA SONIC SENSOR (HC-
SRO4)
3.SERVO MOTOR
 • WORKING AND CIRCUIT
DIAGRAM
Radio waves or microwaves are radiated out from the radar into free space.
Some of these waves are intercepted by reflecting objects.
These intercepted radio waves hit the target and are reflected in many
different directions. Some of these waves can be directed back toward the
radar, where they are received and amplified.
If these waves are received again at their origin, then it means an object is
in the propagation direction.
The modern radar system is very advanced and used in highly diverse
applications such as air traffic control, air defense systems, radar
astronomy, antimissile systems, outer space surveillance systems, and
many more
 CIRCUIT
DIAGRAM
MOTO
R
 PRINCIPAL OF
MOTORa gear assembly, and a control circuit.
A servo is made up of a DC motor, a potentiometer,
To begin, we use a gear assembly to lower the RPM and increase the torque of the motor.
Let's say the location of the potentiometer knob at the start of the servo motor shaft is
such that no electrical signal is produced at the potentiometer's output port.
An electrical signal is now sent to the error detector amplifier's other input terminal. Now,
the discrepancy between these two signals, one from the potentiometer and the other
from another source, will be interpreted in the feedback system, and an error signal will be
output. This error signal is used as the motor's input, and the motor begins to rotate. The
potentiometer is now attached to the motor shaft, and as the motor rotates, so does the
potentiometer, which generates a signal. If the angular location of the potentiometer
varies, so does the output feedback signal.
Motor stops rotating when the external applied signal and signal generated at
potentiometer become equivalent.
 OBJECTIV
E
The objective of a radar system using Arduino is to create a working
prototype that can detect and measure the distance to objects using
ultrasonic sensors, allowing for the identification of both stationary and
moving objects within a specified range, typically achieved by processing
the sensor data on an Arduino microcontroller and displaying the
information on a connected device like a computer screen; essentially
acting as a basic object detection system with distance measurement
capabilities
 APPLICATIO
• Robotics and autonomous vehicles: Obstacle detection and navigation for
N
robots and self-driving cars to avoid collisions with nearby objects.
• Industrial automation: Proximity sensing for robots, conveyor belts, and
machine guarding to prevent collisions and ensure safety.
• Parking assistance systems: Detecting obstacles while parking a vehicle.
• Liquid level measurement: Monitoring the level of liquids in tanks and
containers.
• Medical imaging: Ultrasound technology, a form of ultrasonic radar, is
widely used in medical diagnostics for imaging internal organs.
• Security systems: Detecting intruders in restricted areas by monitoring for
movement.
• Home automation: Smart home applications like automatic door opening
based on proximity detection
 CONCLUSION AND EXPECTED
OUTCOME
Expected Outcomes:
• Accurate distance measurements:
• Precise determination of the distance between the sensor and
detected objects within its operational range.
• Obstacle detection:
• Ability to identify obstacles in the path of a moving system, such
as a robot or vehicle.
• Proximity sensing:
• Detect objects within a specified close range.
• Object localization:
• By combining ultrasonic sensors with a rotating mechanism,
approximate location of objects can be determined
 FUTURE
SCOPE
High-resolution imaging
Utilizing multiple ultrasonic transducers arranged in arrays to generate detailed 3D
images of objects, allowing for better distinction between nearby targets and
precise localization.
Adaptive beamforming
Dynamically adjusting the ultrasonic wave patterns to focus on specific areas of
interest, improving signal strength and reducing interference.
Advanced signal processing
Employing sophisticated algorithms to filter out noise, detect weak echoes, and
interpret complex reflections from different surfaces and materials.
Multi-frequency operation
Switching between different ultrasonic frequencies to optimize detection based on
the environment and target characteristics.
Integration with other sensors
Combining ultrasonic data with other sensor inputs like vision or LiDAR to enhance
overall perception and accuracy
FINAL IMAGE OF OUR PROJECT WILL BE LOOK
LIKE THIS