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Nutrition in Plants-Chapter 1 Class 7

The document discusses the modes of nutrition in plants, highlighting the distinction between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition. It explains photosynthesis as the process by which green plants make their food using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide, while also detailing various heterotrophic modes such as parasitic, insectivorous, saprophytic, and symbiotic nutrition. Additionally, it covers how nutrients are replenished in the soil through fertilizers, manures, and the role of leguminous crops and bacteria like Rhizobium.

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rashi Mathur
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133 views20 pages

Nutrition in Plants-Chapter 1 Class 7

The document discusses the modes of nutrition in plants, highlighting the distinction between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition. It explains photosynthesis as the process by which green plants make their food using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide, while also detailing various heterotrophic modes such as parasitic, insectivorous, saprophytic, and symbiotic nutrition. Additionally, it covers how nutrients are replenished in the soil through fertilizers, manures, and the role of leguminous crops and bacteria like Rhizobium.

Uploaded by

rashi Mathur
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CLASS VII

BLOCK 1- NUTRITION
IN PLANTS
INTRODUCTION
All living organisms such as plants and animals require
food. So food is essential for all living organisms.

Plants are capable of making their food themselves but


humans and animals cannot.

Carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals


are essential components of food, these components
are called nutrients.
Modes of nutrition in plants
Plants prepare their food by using raw
materials like water, carbon dioxide and
minerals.

The process of utilization of food by a living


organism to obtain energy is
called nutrition.
Autotrophs or Autotrophic Nutrition
Plants that have chlorophyll trap the energy
from the sun and prepare their own food.
Such nutrition wherein the food is prepared
by the organisms itself is called autotrophic
nutrition. The organisms capable of
preparing their own food are called
autotrophs. All green plants are Autotrophs
(Auto means self and trophos means
nourishment). They prepare their own food
by a process called photosynthesis.
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Photosynthesis is food making process in green
plants from simple substances like carbon
dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight.
Oxygen is released during photosynthesis.
The process of photosynthesis takes place in
the green leaves of a plant.

The food is prepared by the green leaves of a


plant in the form of a simple sugar called
glucose.

The extra glucose is changed into another


food called starch. This starch is stored in the
leaves of the plant.

The green plants convert sunlight energy into


chemical energy by making carbohydrates.
Conditions necessary for photosynthesis:

The conditions necessary for photosynthesis


to take place are:
Sunlight
Chlorophyll
Carbon dioxide
Water
IMPORTANCE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Photosynthesis is important because-
It provides food to animals including human
beings.

It puts oxygen gas into the air which is


essential for breathing and respiration in
animals including human beings
VIDEO LINK
https://youtu.be/UPBMG5EYydo

https://youtu.be/l1LMLLwA48Y
Heterotrophs or HeterotrophicNutrition
Heterotrophic organisms are those
who obtain food from other
organisms. Since these organisms
depend on other organisms for their
food, they are called consumers. All
animals and non-green plants like
fungi come under this category.
Organisms that follow the
heterotrophic mode of nutrition are
called heterotrophs.
HETEROTROPHIC NUTRITION
Most of the plants have green pigment called
chlorophyll and can make their own food.
Some plants do not have chlorophyll and
cannot synthesize their own food and are
known as Heterotrophic plants
This type of nutrition can be categorized into
Parasitic mode of nutrition
Insectivorous mode
Saprophytic mode of nutrition
Symbiotic mode of nutrition
PARASITIC NUTRITION
In parasitic mode of nutrition, plants depend
on other plants for their nourishment.
Such dependent plants are called
as parasites and the ones on which parasites
depend are called as hosts.
A parasite plant climbs on the host plant from
which they get all the food.
The host does not get any benefit from the
parasite.
Some examples of parasites are Cuscuta
(akash-bel), Cassytha (amar-bel).
Insectivorous Plants

The insectivorous mode of nutrition is observed


in plants like pitcher plant and the Venus fly trap.
These types of plants purely depend on other
insects and small animals for their nutrition.
Pitcher plants trap small insects inside the
pitcher and insects are digested by the digestive
juices secreted in the pitcher.
Insectivorous plants grow in those soils which do
not contain sufficient nitrogen mineral.
These types of plants are green and carry out
photosynthesis to obtain a part of food.
Saprotrophs

Mode of nutrition in which organisms or plants


that obtain their nutrition from dead and
decaying organic matter is called Saprophytic
mode
The plants which exhibit saprotrophic mode of
nutrition are called as saprotrophs
Saprotrophs secrete digestive juices onto dead
and decaying matter to dissolve it and then
absorb nutrients from it.
Examples of saprotrophs are moulds,
mushrooms, yeasts and some bacteria.
Symbiotic plants

In this mode of nutrition there is a close


association between two different plants of
different categories.
In such type of association both the plants
get benefited.
For example certain fungi live in the roots of
the trees. In this case tree provides nutrients
to fungi and in return receives help from it to
take up water and nutrients from the soil.
Example- Lichens
How nutrients are replenished in the soil

We know that plants continuously take


nutrients from the soil in order to
synthesize food. As a result of this amount
of nutrients in the soil decreases.
Nutrients in the soil are replenished by
adding fertilisers and manures.
Fertilisers and manures contain plants
nutrients and minerals like nitrogen,
phosphorus and potassium.
How nutrients are replenished in the soil

Another way to replenish soil is to grow leguminous


crops (for example gram, peas, pulses etc.) in the
soil.
The bacterium called Rhizobium can take
atmospheric nitrogen and convert it into a soluble
form.
But Rhizobium cannot make its own food. So it lives
in the roots of gram, peas, moong, beans and other
legumes and provides them with nitrogen. In return
plants provide food and shelter to the bacteria.
Thus plants and bacteria have a symbiotic
relationship here.
VIDEO LINK
https://youtu.be/bAwyhidnxJQ

https://youtu.be/q5kq4Cwjyic

https://youtu.be/z-x12sUNVYg

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