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PR1 - Q4-Module 5-Sampling

The document outlines the process of sampling in qualitative research, including definitions of sample and population, steps in sampling, and various sampling methods. It emphasizes the importance of determining sample size and provides guidelines for implementing sampling techniques. Additionally, it distinguishes between probability and non-probability sampling methods.

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Rio Fionah Lopez
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7 views26 pages

PR1 - Q4-Module 5-Sampling

The document outlines the process of sampling in qualitative research, including definitions of sample and population, steps in sampling, and various sampling methods. It emphasizes the importance of determining sample size and provides guidelines for implementing sampling techniques. Additionally, it distinguishes between probability and non-probability sampling methods.

Uploaded by

Rio Fionah Lopez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SAMPLING

SAMPLING
IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
Learning Competency

Describe a sample and know the process of


sampling, CS_RS11-IVa-c-2
Topics for Discussion
1 SAMPLING AND POPULATION

2 STEPS IN SAMPLING

3 SAMPLING METHODS

4 SAMPLE SIZE
It refers to a collection of
Population individuals who share one or more
noteworthy traits that are of
interest to the researcher.

It is the complete group of people,


animals or objects that have the
same characteristics that the
research needs.
Sample
It is a group of individuals that
represent the population.

The process of choosing a sample


is called sampling.
STEPS IN
SAMPLING
Steps in Sampling

1. IDENTIFY THE POPULATION OF INTEREST.

2. SPECIFY A SAMPLING FRAME.

3. SPECIFY A SAMPLING METHOD.


Steps in Sampling

4. DETERMINE YOUR SAMPLE SIZE

5. IMPLEMENT THE PLAN


1. Identify the population of interest.

When choosing your


population of interest, you
should think WHO will be directly
affected from this study and
WHO will be the potential
respondents.
2. Specify a
sampling frame
We need to specify WHO we want to
include in our study.
You may want to choose your
sampling frame to a place where you
are residing so that it will be easier to
gather respondents.
3. Specify a sampling method
There are many types of
sampling method for qualitative
research. H

You can either choose one


method to use or have a mix of
two or more methods.
Sampling Methods
SNOWBALL SAMPLING OPPORTUNISTIC SAMPLING

This is done by asking relevant people This is a type of sampling that takes
if they know someone who will be sample or respondents that are readily
willing to participate in your research. available.

CONVENIENCE SAMPLING PURPOSIVE SAMPLING

The units are selected because they


Using this kind of sampling technique
have characteristics that you need in
involves selecting people that are the
your sample. In other words, units
most convenient for you as a researcher.
are selected “on purpose” in
purposive sampling.
What is SAMPLE
SIZE?
It is the number of individuals that you are
going to use for your study, and it is up to
you to determine which approach you are
going to use in choosing your sample size.
selected or included in the sample.
4. Determine your sample size
a. You determine your sample size depending on whether your
data will reach its saturation point.

b. Another way to choose sample size depends on the type of


approach that you are going to use for your research.
When you conduct face to face interviews with your respondents,
you may notice that there will be patterns and similar answers to
your questions as you increase the number of people that you are
interviewing.
If you realize that there are no new answers and the pattern
seems to be the same on, let’s say, the 10th interview, then it can
be assumed that it will be your sample size because you have
reached the saturation point of your data.
It was cited from Creswell (2013) that 1-10 subjects are
recommended for phenomenology. Dukes (1984) stated that there
should be 20-30 individuals for grounded theory and Charmaz
(2006) indicated that there should be 4-5 respondents for case
studies and a single culture-sharing group for ethnography.
4. Implement the Plan

If you follow the steps correctly, with a little


help and guidance, you can now implement
your sampling techniques and select
respondents that can be a part of your
research.

It is important to take note of all the details


because you need to write it down in your
research paper
What’s More?
Read the following scenarios and identify what type of sampling method is
being used (Snowball sampling, Opportunistic sampling, Convenience
sampling & Purposive Sampling).
1. A research about customer satisfaction in a specific restaurant uses this
kind of sampling technique by giving survey questionnaires to any customer
that enters their establishment. They take advantage of whoever is readily
available and does not consider any criteria for choosing them as respondents
in the survey.
_________________________________________________________________________________________
______
2. Ace is a psychology professor and wants to conduct research about
psychosis and schizophrenia. In order to get participants for his study, he
enlisted the help of his previous patients which he now considers as his close
friends to be his respondents.
What’s More?

3. Shiela used crowdsourcing through facebook to look for respondents in her


study about behavioral psychology. She posted a status asking her friends if
they know someone that is willing to participate in her study.

4. A researcher studying first-generation college students in competitive


programs selects participants who meet specific criteria—being the first in
their family to attend college and enrolled in a rigorous course—to ensure
relevant data.
Thank you for
listening!
Probability
Sampling
Every member of the population has
a probability of being selected or
included in the sample.
Probability Sampling Methods
SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING

All members of the population have an The population is split into different
equal chance at being chosen as part groups. People from each group will be
of the sample. randomly chosen to represent the
whole population.

SYSTEMATIC RANDOM SAMPLING CLUSTER/AREA SAMPLING

The sample is drawn by randomly


Districts or blocks of a municipality or
selecting a starting number and then
a city which are part of the cluster
selecting every nth unit in arbitrary order
are randomly selected.
until the desired sample size is reached.
Non-Probability
Sampling
Participants are intentionally selected
based on certain identified factors.
Non-Probability
Sampling Methods
CONVENIENCE EXPERT QUOTA SNOWBALL
SAMPLING SAMPLING SAMPLING SAMPLING

Participants are Individuals with


Participants are
chosen for their specialized Participants are
selected based on
convenience and knowledge or chosen based on
pre-defined quotas
availability, rather expertise in a referrals or
to represent specific
than through a particular field are recommendations
characteristics or
random or selected to from existing
subgroups.
systematic selection participate in a participants.
process. study.
Resources Page

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