Group 10 presentation

ASPHALT
TECHNOLOGY
What is asphalt
technology?
Asphalt Technology refers to the various
processes and methods used in the
production, placement, and maintenance
of asphalt pavement. Specifically, Asphalt
Technology deals with the asphalt that is
being used in the road construction.
As the world evolves and the power of
technology arises, highway transportation
has evolved from the “out of the mud”
era to the one in which a network of
highways provides multiple levels of
service from uncontrolled to controlled
access.
 Improvements in asphalt
technology have played a key role
in expanding the highway
network, as well as in expediting
pavement maintenance and
rehabilitation operations with
minimal delays to the traveling
public.
Types of Asphalt
Asphalt is a mixture of aggregates, binder, and filler that is
commonly used in road construction, roofing, and other
applications. There are several types of asphalt available, each
with its unique characteristics and intended uses. Here are some of
the most common types:
1.Hot mix asphalt (HMA):
This is the most commonly used type of asphalt in road
construction. It is produced at high temperatures and consists of
a mixture of aggregate and asphalt binder. HMA is durable,
flexible, and can withstand heavy traffic loads.
2.Warm mix asphalt (WMA):
This type of asphalt is produced at lower temperatures than
HMA, which can result in reduced energy consumption and
emissions during production. WMA also offers improved
workability and compaction compared to HMA.

3.Porous asphalt:
This type of asphalt is designed to allow water to drain through
it, which can help to reduce stormwater runoff and improve
water quality. Porous asphalt is typically used in parking lots,
driveways, and other low-traffic areas.
4.Cold mix asphalt:
This is a type of asphalt that can be produced and applied
at ambient temperatures, without the need for heating. It
is often used for temporary repairs or in situations where
hot mix asphalt is not available or practical.

5.Emulsified asphalt:
This type of asphalt is produced by mixing asphalt binder
with water and an emulsifying agent. It can be used for a
variety of applications, including road construction,
surface treatments, and tack coats.

6. Polymer-modified asphalt (PMA):

This is a type of asphalt that has been modified with
polymers to improve its performance and durability. PMA
is commonly used in high-traffic areas, such as highways
and airports, as well as in extreme climates
ASPHALT PROPERTIES
1. Waterproof Property 2. Viscosity
Asphalt is a water-repellent material with a Viscosity is a property that indicates how the
lightweight structure that does not dissolve in materials in asphalt impede its fluidity. The
water. It also has strong plasticity, adhesion hardness and density of asphalt are also
strength, and bond force with mineral reflected in its viscosity. At room temperature,
materials, making it waterproof. different states of asphalt have different
 when an external force is applied to the asphalt, it deforms
3. Plasticity without being broken, and when the external force is removed,
the asphalt retains its deformed shape, which is represented by
ductility.

The property that the viscosity and plasticity of asphalt change with
temperature change are known as temperature sensitivity. The
temperature sensitivity of asphalt is low when the temperature 4.Temperature Sensitivit
changes at the same rate but the viscosity and plasticity change
little, and it is high when the temperature changes at the same rate
but the viscosity and plasticity change a lot.
 5. The Stability of Asphalt in the Atmosphere
- The property of asphalt to resist ageing in a The oil composition and resin content decrease, while
comprehensive climate of heat, sunlight, and ground asphaltene content rises, reducing asphalt
atmosphere for a long time is referred to as fluidity, plasticity, and cohesion while increasing
its stability in the atmosphere. Low molecular hardness and brittleness. Asphalt ageing is the name
groups will be converted into polymeric given to this phenomenon.
groups in the atmosphere's comprehensive - From the preceding assumptions, it is clear that the
setting, and the resin will turn into ground property of asphalt to resist ageing, also known as its
asphaltene at a much faster rate than the oil longevity, is responsible for its stability in the
composition into the resin. atmosphere.
USES OF
ASPHALT
 * Asphalt is most commonly used for
paving roads, parking lots, and other
surfaces that need to be durable and
USES OF water-resistant.

ASPHALT * It is also used as a roofing material,

and can be combined with other
materials like gravel or concrete to
create a surface that is both strong
and attractive.
ALTERNATIVES AND
BIO-ASPHALT
 Concrete :
A common alternative to asphalt, concrete is a
mixture of cement, sand, and gravel. It is durable,
relatively inexpensive, and can be used for a variety
of applications.

Paving Stones:

Paving stones are a popular alternative to

asphalt, and are made of natural or synthetic
materials. They can be used for driveways,
walkways, and other applications.
 Cobblestones
Cobblestones are a type of
paving stone that are made
of natural materials. They
are often used in historic
districts and other areas
where a traditional look is
desired.

Brick
Brick is a type of masonry that is
made of fired clay. It is durable,
weather-resistant, and can be used
for a variety of applications.
 Pavers are a type of brick that are used for paving
Pavers: roads, driveways, and other areas. They are made of
natural or synthetic materials, and are available in a
variety of colors and styles.

Asphalt Pavement:
Pavers are a type of brick that are
used for paving roads, driveways,
and other areas. They are made of
natural or synthetic materials, and
are available in a variety of colors
 ASPHALT
TECHNOLOGY
DISCIPLINES
Dense Graded Asphalt Technology

– Dense-graded mixes are produced

with well or continuously graded
aggregate and intended for general
use. Typically, larger aggregates
“float” in a matrix of mastic
composed of asphalt cement and
screenings/fines. When properly
designed and constructed, a dense-
graded mix is relatively
impermeable. Dense-graded mixes
are generally referred to by their
nominal maximum aggregate size
.
Open Graded Asphalt Technology

– mixes with relatively uniform-sized

aggregate typified by an absence of
intermediate-sized particles. Mixes
typical of this structure are the
permeable friction course, generally
called “Open Graded Friction Course”
(OGFC) and asphalt-treated permeable
bases. Because of their open
structure, precautions are taken to
minimize asphalt drain-down by the
use of fibers and/or modified binders.
Stone-on-stone contact with a heavy
asphalt cement particle coating
typifies these mixes.
Gap Graded Asphalt Technology

– Gap-graded mixes use an aggregate

gradation with particles ranging from
coarse to fine with some intermediate
sizes missing or present in small
amounts. The gradation curve may
have a “flat” region denoting the
absence of a particle size or a steep
slope denoting small quantities of
these intermediate aggregate sizes.
These mixes are also typified by
stone-on-stone contact and can be
more permeable than dense-graded
mixes or highly impermeable, as in
the case of Stone Matrix Asphalt
(SMA).
Asphalt Applications
Although asphalt is mainly used for paving roads, it
can also be used for various other purposes. The
versatility of asphalt makes it such a widely used
material. Among others, it can be found in the
following sectors:
• Transportation (e.g. roads, railway beds or airport
runways, taxiways, etc.)
• Recreation (playgrounds, bicycle paths, running
tracks, tennis courts…)
• Agriculture (barn floors, greenhouse floors…)
• Industrial (ports, landfill caps, work sites…)
• Building construction (floorings…)
ASPHALT PRODUCT
Different asphalt mixtures are available for the top
layer of an asphalt road. The top layer is normally
called the “surface course” and the type of surface
course mixture chosen depends on the requirements
for the road surface.

The surface course constitutes the top layer of the

pavement and should be able to withstand high
traffic- and environment-induced stresses without
exhibiting unsatisfactory cracking and rutting in order
to provide an even profile for the comfort of the user
and at the same time possessing a texture to ensure
adequate skid resistance. Depending on local
conditions, functional characteristics such as skid
resistance, noise reduction and durability are often
A wide range of surface layer products can therefore
be considered appropriate depending on specific
requirements:
• Asphalt Concrete (AC)
• Very Thin Layer Asphalt Concrete (Béton
Bitumineux Mince) (BBTM)
• Asphalt for Ultra-Thin Layers (AUTL)
• Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA)
• Hot Rolled Asphalt (HRA)
• Porous Asphalt (PA)
• Double layered Porous Asphalt (2L PA)
• Mastic Asphalt (MA)
• Soft Asphalt (SA)
The selection of the surface course is a matter
of identifying the most appropriate material
during the design process. The functional
requirements can confl ict. For example, noise
reduction could require the use of a double-
layered porous asphalt and that confl icts with
the requirement of a very durable surface layer.
The durability of surface layers can be
improved by using higher quality materials. The
higher costs of these will be compensated by
the lower costs of traffi c measures and user
costs.
Production
Temperature
Cold mixes
These mixtures are produced with unheated
aggregate and bitumen emulsion or foamed bitumen.

Half Warm Asphalt

Produced with heated aggregate at a mixing
temperature (of the mix) between approximately 70
°C and roughly 100 °C.
Warm Mix Asphalt

The Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) mixtures are produced

and mixed at temperatures roughly between 100 and
140 °C

Hot Mix Asphalt

The conventional “Hot Mix asphalt” mixtures are

produced and mixed at temperatures roughly
between 120 and 190 °C The production
temperatures of Hot Mix Asphalt depend on the
bitumen used.
 ASPHALT TECH
PROS AND CONS
PROS:
1.Durability: Asphalt is known for its durability and long lifespan. When properly
installed and maintained, asphalt can last for many years.

2.Cost-effective: Asphalt is generally less expensive than other paving materials like
concrete or brick, making it a cost-effective option.

3.Easy to maintain: Routine maintenance such as sealing and filling cracks can extend
the lifespan of asphalt, making it an easy material to maintain.

4.Quick Installation : Asphalt can be installed quickly, allowing for faster completion
times for paving projects.
Cons:

1.Weather sensitivity: Extreme temperature fluctuations and harsh weather conditions can cause
asphalt to crack and deteriorate over time.

2.Environmental impact: Asphalt production can be harmful to the environment due to

the release of greenhouse gases and other pollutants during production.

3.Not as visually appealing: Some people may not find asphalt as visually appealing as
other materials like concrete or brick.

4.Limited lifespan: Although durable, asphalt has a limited lifespan compared to other
materials and will eventually need to be replaced.
 THANK YOU ✍️
The End....
Reporters

Zosima, Jneylyn A.
Luching, Key Lucill A.
Miggi Malana
Reporters:
Jneylyn A. Zosima
Key Lucill A. Luching