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Muzaffar'S Final Work Topic: Classification of Vowels in English. GROUP N°2222

The document discusses the classification of vowels in English, detailing types such as long, short, diphthongs, and triphthongs, along with their characteristics and pronunciation examples. It also covers the principles of vowel classification based on articulation stability, tongue position, lip rounding, tenseness, and differences between English and Uzbek vowels. Overall, it provides a comprehensive overview of vowel sounds and their classifications in the English language.

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26 views14 pages

Muzaffar'S Final Work Topic: Classification of Vowels in English. GROUP N°2222

The document discusses the classification of vowels in English, detailing types such as long, short, diphthongs, and triphthongs, along with their characteristics and pronunciation examples. It also covers the principles of vowel classification based on articulation stability, tongue position, lip rounding, tenseness, and differences between English and Uzbek vowels. Overall, it provides a comprehensive overview of vowel sounds and their classifications in the English language.

Uploaded by

tommykaramov
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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M U Z A F FA R ’ S F I N A L

WORK
TOPIC:
C L A SS I F I C AT I O N O F
VOWELS IN
ENGLISH.

GROUP N°2222
W H AT A R E V O W E L S

• A vowel is a letter that represents an open


sound made without blocking the air with
the lips, tongue, or throat. The vowels in
the English alphabet are a, e, i, o, and u,
and sometimes y. The letter y can act as
either a vowel or a consonant, depending
on the word. For example, y is a vowel in
TYPES OF VOWELS

• A long vowel is a vowel sound that is longer than a short vowel, and is pronounced as
if the vowel sounds like its name. For example, in the word “bake”, the “a” is
pronounced as “ay”, which is how the letter “a” sounds when it’s pronounced by
itself.
• Ā: As in “paper”
• ē: As in “be”
• ī: As in “item”
• ō: As in “cold”
• ū: As in “unit”
SHORT VOWELS

• A short vowel is a vowel sound that is pronounced quickly and without stretching out
the sound. Short vowels are made with a relaxed tongue and jaw.
• Short “a” sound: As in “cat,” “hat,” “mat,” “bat,” “ran,” “pan,” “lap,” and “man”
• Short “e” sound: As in “bed,” “pen,” “met,” “pet,” “hen,” “beg,” “let,” and “fed”
• Short “I” sound: As in “sit,” “hit,” “lip,” “bit,” “tin,” “win,” “fix,” and “kit”
• Short “o” sound: As in “hot,” “pot,” “not,” “cot,” “top,” “pop,” “dog,” and “box”
• Short “u” sound: As in “hut,” “cut,” “sun,” “bug,” “mug,” “gum,” “fun,” and “bus”
TRIPHTHONGS

• A triphthong is a vowel sound that combines three vowel sounds into a single
syllable. The word comes from the Greek word triphthongos, which means “with three
sounds” or “with three tones”.
• Here are some characteristics of triphthongs:
• Formation: A triphthong is formed when an unstressed high vowel is next to another
vowel, usually a mid or low vowel. The high vowel loses its syllabic status, creating a
“glide”.
• Production: To produce a triphthong, the tongue changes position.
• Reduction: Triphthongs are often reduced to diphthongs or monophthongs. The most
common reduction form is \ei\, and the second most common is \uei\ .
DIPHTHONGS

• A diphthong is a sound that combines two vowel sounds in a single syllable. The word
“diphthong” comes from the Greek word diphthongos, which means “having two
sounds”.
• To pronounce a diphthong, you glide from one vowel sound to another within the
same syllable. The process of moving from one vowel sound to another is called
gliding.
• Day: The diphthong /eɪ/
• Go: The diphthong /oʊ/
• Now: The diphthong /æʊ/
• Foil: A diphthong that occurs when two vowels are side-by-side
• Pout: A diphthong that occurs when two vowels are side-by-side
THE PRINCIPLES O F C L A SS I F I C AT I O N

• The stability of articulation in vowel production refers to how much a vowel’s


articulation changes from beginning to end. Vowels are classified into three groups
based on their stability of articulation: monophthongs, diphthongs, and
diphthongoids.
• There are 12 pure vowels or monophthongs in English - /i:/, /ɪ/, /ʊ/, /u:/, /e/, /ə/, /ɜ:/,
/ɔ:/, /æ/, /ʌ/, /ɑ:/ and /ɒ/.
• The 8 diphthongs in English are [eɪ], [ɔɪ], [aɪ], [eə], [ɪə], [ʊə], [əʊ], and [aʊ].
• Diphthongoid are [I:][U:]
VOWELS CAN BE CLASSIFIED BY THE POSITION
OF THE TONGUE IN THE MOUTH, INCLUDING THE
HEIGHT AND THE BACKNESS OF THE TONGUE
VOWELS ARE CLASSIFIED AS ROUNDED OR
UNROUNDED BASED ON THE POSITION OF THE
LIPS:

Rounded
• Lips are drawn together to form a more or less round opening. Examples of rounded
vowels include the vowels in “do”, “shoe”, and “fruit”
• Unrounded
• Lips are neutral or spread. Examples of unrounded vowels include the vowels in
“tree”, “egg”, “friend”, and “come”.
VOWELS ARE CLASSIFIED AS EITHER LONG OR
SHORT BASED ON THE LENGTH OF THEIR SOUND.

A: Short vowel is /æ/, long vowel is /eɪ/

e: Short vowel is /ɛ/, long vowel is /iː/

i: Short vowel is /ɪ/, long vowel is /aɪ/


• o: Short vowel is /ɒ/, long vowel is /oʊ/
VOWELS CAN BE CLASSIFIED BY TENSENESS AND
THE CHARACTER OF THE END OF THE VOWEL AS
FOLLOWS:

Tenseness: Tense vowels are pronounced with more muscular effort, longer duration,
and a narrower mouth width than lax vowels. The opposite of tenseness is laxness.
• Character of the end: The character of the end of a vowel can be checked or free.
• According to the degree of tenseness vowels are divided into tense and lax. Tense
vowels are produced when the organs of speech are tense. Lax vowels are those
which produced with lesser tenseness of the speech organs. All the English short
vowels are lax, [i],[e],[æ],[ʋ],[α],[ʌ],[ə].
VOWELS REPESENTED AS POINTS IN A
Q UA D R I L AT E R A L T H AT R E P R E S E N T T H E
POSITIONS OF THE HIGHEST POINT OF THE
TONGUE DURING THE PRODUCTION OF THE
VOWEL. REFERENCE (CARDINAL) VOWELS ON
THE PERIPHERY OF THE VOWEL
Q UA D R I L AT E R A L W E R E L E A R N E D BY R O T E
FROM JONES
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN UZBEK AND
ENGLISH VOWELS

Pronunciation

English vowels [I:], [ɪ], and [E] are pronounced with a flat ruffle, while Uzbek [i] and [E] are pronounced with
neutral lips.

Lip rounding

Uzbek labialized vowels are distinguished by a large rounding and repulsion of the lips, while in English
rounding is insignificant.

Vowel sounds

English has 20 vowel sounds, while Uzbek has six vowel phonemes.

Orthography
• The Uzbek orthography uses six characters for all vowels (a, e, i, o, u, o’), failing to distinguish between
front and back vowels.
• Uzbek labialized vowels are distinguished by a large rounding and repulsion of the
lips, while in English rounding is insignificant. In English, there are different duration
and quality of long and short pairs of vowels: [i:] – [ɪ], [ɔ:] – [ɔ], [u] – [u:], [ʌ] – [ɑ :]
And having a pair of brief [E] [ǽ].

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