Group 6

Glo b a l i z a ti o
n
Presented by: Alimento, Fontanilla, Macadine,
Oyanguren, Paitan
 FLOW OF
R Globalization & Globalization in

REPORTERS
1
Geography
Economic & Financial Globalization
R
R Cultural & Political Globalization 2
3 Sociological & Technological
Globalization
R
R Geographic & Ecological
4
Globalization
5
 Speeding up
movements and
transactions (of people,
products, and services,
money, technology and

GLOBALIZA cultural practices) across

the globe.

TION Globalization’s wide-

ranging consequences
are dynamic, and
politically charged. As
with the big
developments in
Major effects of
globalization
Promotes and increases
interactions between different
regions and populations around
the globe.
 When did
globalization begin?
Silk Road Which facilitated exchanges of
goods, ideas, and culture
(2nd between Asia, the Middle East,
century and Europe. The Age of
Exploration (15th - 17th
BCE - 15th centuries) expanded global
trade networks through
century European colonialism.
 When did
globalization begin?
Industrial Further integrated
Revolution markets with technological
(18th - advances in transportation
and communication.
19th
centuries)
 When did
globalization begin?
The 20th century saw the rise
of multinational corporations,
20th the establishment of global
institutions like the UN and IMF,
century and the spread of technologies
such as the internet and jet
travel, which accelerated
economic, cultural, and political
globalization.
 When did
globalization begin?
The fall of the
Soviet Union Further integrated countries
into the global economy,
(1991) and
while the 2008 financial
China’s crisis highlighted the risks
economic of interconnectedness.
reforms
 When did
globalization begin?
In the 21st century, digital
technologies, migration, and
21st global challenges like climate
change and pandemics have
century deepened the complexity of
globalization, presenting both
opportunities for growth and
risks of inequality and
environmental harm.
 Drivers of
globalization
1.Technological Advancements - pivotal in driving globalization,
reshaping the way individuals, businesses, and governments
interact and operate on a global scale.
2.Economic Policies - fundamental role in driving globalization by
shaping the rules and frameworks within which international
trade and investment occur
3.Multinational Corporations - pivotal drivers of globalization,
operating across multiple countries and facilitating economic,
cultural, and technological integration
4.Sociocultural factors - play a significant role in driving
globalization by influencing the ways in which people, ideas, and
Pros
• A larger market for goods and
services
• Cheaper consumer prices
• Outsourcing can benefit
domestic firms and foreign
of
labor

l o b a l i z a t i o n
Pro s a d g
• Increased standard of living
n Cons

C o n s • Concentrates wealth in richer

countries
• Some poorer countries can be
left behind
• Labor and the physical and
intellectual resources of poorer
 Example of
globalization
A car manufactured in the U.S. that
sources parts from China, Japan, South
Korea and South Africa. The car is then
exported to Europe, where it is sold to a
driver who fills the car's gas tank with
gasoline refined from Saudi oil.
 A set of processes
(economic, social,
cultural,

GLOBALIZ technological,
institutional) that

ATION IN contribute to the

relationship between

GEOGRAP societies and

individuals around

HY the world. It is a
progressive process
by which exchanges
 Example of
globalization in
geography
The global rise of K-pop is an example of
cultural globalization. What began as a niche
music genre in South Korea has become a
global phenomenon, with groups like BTS and
Blackpink gaining massive international
followings.
 Importance of
globalization
and its impact in international business

Globalization plays a vital role in international

business as it opens up new markets, reduces costs
through global supply chains, and fosters innovation
by increasing competition and encouraging the
exchange of ideas and best practices. It allows
businesses to access a wider pool of talent,
resources, and investment opportunities, driving
economic growth and expansion.
 Refers to the
integration and

Economic
interaction of
economies

Globalizati across the

world through
on trade,
investments,
and the
exchange of
 Key Players of
the economic
globalization
Corporations: NGOs: Non-governmental
Companies that organizations that advocate
operate in multiple for social, environmental,
countries, using global and economic issues on a
markets to increase global scale, leveraging
Pros:
• Market Expansion: Companies
can access new consumers,
boosting revenue.

c
• Technology Transfer: Rapid

f E c o n o m i
o
spread of innovations enhances
global progress.
a l i z a t i o n
• Economic Growth: More trade
opportunities stimulate growth
G lo b
ro s a n d
in participating countries.
P
Cons:
• Economic Inequality: Benefits
C o n s often concentrated in wealthier
nations.
• Local Industry Struggles: Small
businesses may find it hard to
compete with large
multinationals.
 Financial
globalization is

Financial
the integration
of financial

Globalizati markets across

different
on nations,
allowing for
cross-border
investment and
 Characteristics of
financial
Globalization
• Facilitates access to global financial
resources.
• Promotes economic growth through
foreign investments.
 Example of
financial
globalization
The global stock market and international
banking operations.
 Drivers:
Policy liberalization and technological
advancements make cross-border
transactions easier.
Risks:
• Rapid Spread of Crises: Financial issues in one
country can quickly impact others.
• Economic Dependence: Economies heavily reliant
on global trends face vulnerabilities.

Solution
s:
• Stronger Financial Regulations: Oversight to manage
and monitor investments.
• Safety Nets: Countries can build reserve funds to
cushion financial shocks.
• Diversification: Promoting varied economic sectors to
avoid dependence on a single market
 Refers to the
interpenetration
of cultures, which

cultural means that

nations adopt
Globalizati other nations’
principles,
on beliefs, and
costumes and
lose their unique
culture to a
 Cultural
1 Media and Entertainment
Globalization
Fashion and Cuisine
2
3 Language and Education

Values and Ideas

4
 Cultural
Globalization
It is driven by a range of interconnected factors that
help facilitate the spread and blending of cultures across
borders. Key factors include:
a. Advances in Technology and Communication
b. Global Trade and Corporations
c. Migration and Tourism
d. Education and International Exchange
e. International Organizations and Cultural Events
f. Transportation
How does a country
benefit from cultural
globalization?
• Engagement in cultural globalization can
enhance a country’s soft power on the
global stage.
• Cultural globalization can stimulate
economic growth by promoting tourism
and creative industries.
 It refers to the
process through
which political
decisions, policies,

Political and power

structures

Globalizati transcend national

boundaries,

on
leading to an
interconnected
Example:
global governance
framework.
United Nation
 Driving Factors of
Political Globalization
1.Advancement of communication
technology
2.Economic Interdependence
3.Promotion of Democratic Values and
Human Rights
4.Role of Non-Governmental Organizations
(NGOs) and Transnational Movements
 Sociological
information on
globalization,

Sociologic together with

the
al interconnection
and
Globalizati interdependence

on
of events and
their
consequences,
 Key points of
sociological
globalization
1.Cultural Exchange: Different traditions, food, music, and clothing
styles are shared globally, allowing people to experience and adopt
elements of other cultures.
2.Global Awareness: Sociological globalization makes people more
aware of global issues like climate change and social justice,
encouraging a sense of shared responsibility.
3.Migration and Diaspora: When people move to different countries,
they bring their culture with them, creating diverse societies where
ideas and practices mix.
4.Technology and Media: The internet and social media make it easy to
access global news, entertainment, and information, which shapes
 Effects of
Sociologic Positive
al Effects:
Globalizati
Cultural
Exchange on
Promotes
Global
Awareness
understanding and
Social
Networks
Raises awareness of
global issues like
Enhances global
connectivity through
appreciation of climate change, platforms where
different cultures human rights, and people share ideas
through food, art, poverty, and experiences,
music, and encouraging fostering community
traditions. collective action. building.
 Effects of
Sociologic Negative
al Effects:
Globalizati
Cultures on
Loss of Local Inequality Cultural
Homogenizat
Benefits are not
evenly distributed, Overexposure to
Dominance of global
leading to social and ion
dominant cultures
cultures can lead to
economic disparities may reduce
the erosion of local
between and within diversity, creating a
traditions and
countries. more uniform global
languages.
culture.
 It is the
phenomenon by
which millions

Technologi
of people are
interconnected

cal via platforms

like Facebook,
Globalizati Instagram,
Skype, or
on YouTube, thanks
to the digital
 Key Features
1.Interconnected Networks: The internet, mobile devices,
and satellites link the world in real-time, enabling
seamless communication and data exchange.
2.Global Spread of Technology: Technological advances are
shared and adopted worldwide, often making tools and
devices more accessible to even developing nations.
3.Innovation Sharing: Countries and corporations
collaborate on scientific and technological breakthroughs,
driving global progress.
4.Economic Impact: Technology enables global e-commerce,
Positive:
• Boosts communication and
access to education.
• Drives innovation and global
economic growth.
• Encourages cultural exchange
h n o l o g i c a l
Tec a t i o n
through media and
entertainment. G lo b a l i z
Negative:
Eff ec t s • Increases digital divides
of between developed and
underdeveloped areas.
• Raises concerns about data
privacy and cybersecurity.
• Can amplify the spread of
misinformation globally.
 It is the process by
which physical and
cultural distances
between different
parts of the world are

Geographi reduced, bringing

people, goods, ideas,

c and cultures into

closer proximity.

Globalizati Geographic
globalization has a

on profound impact on
economies, cultures,
environments, and
 What is the role of
geography in
globalization?
The natural and physical
Geography has
features of a region, including
long been
its climate, topography, and
recognized as a
access to resources, can
“critical factor”
significantly impact the
in shaping
economic activities that take
economic
place there, as well as its ability
activity and
to engage in global trade and
globalization.
commerce.
 key ways in which
geography influences
globalization
Natural Resources
Geography shapes the availability and
distribution of natural resources, which can
be a key factor in determining the economic
activities that take place in a particular
region.
 key ways in which
geography influences
globalization
Transportation and
Communication
Physical features, such as mountains and bodies
of water, can create barriers to trade and limit
economic integration between regions. However,
advances in transportation and communication
technologies have helped to overcome some of
 key ways in which
geography influences
globalization
Trade Agreements
Countries with similar geographic and economic
characteristics may be more likely to form trade
blocs and agreements, such as the European Union
or NAFTA. In contrast, countries separated by vast
distances or physical barriers may face greater
challenges in developing economic ties and may
 key ways in which
geography influences
globalization
Economic Specialization
Globalization has led to increased specialization
and trade, which has further influenced the
geography of economic activity by
concentrating certain industries and activities in
specific regions or countries.
 Refers to the global
scale of environmental
processes and the
interconnectedness of
ecological issues

ecological across countries and

regions.

Globalizati It encompasses

on
phenomena such as
climate change,
deforestation,
pollution, loss of
biodiversity, and water
scarcity, which affect
 Impact on trading
businesses across
countries
Increased Environmental
Regulations
To reduce the environmental impact of
enterprises, strict environmental restrictions
have been put in place in many nations.
Companies involved in international trade are
frequently subject to these restrictions, which
 Impact on trading
businesses across
countries
Shift Toward Sustainable
Supply Chains
Governments and consumers alike are now
pressuring businesses to implement eco-
friendly policies. To reduce the environmental
impact, this frequently entails reevaluating
production, transportation, and sourcing
 Impact on trading
businesses across
countries
Risk of Supply Chain
Disruptions
Natural catastrophes and resource availability
are two ways that climate change and other
environmental problems can upset global
supply systems. Extreme weather disasters
like floods and droughts can have an impact
 Impact on trading
businesses across
countries
Changes in Consumer
Preferences
Customers expect firms to operate sustainably as
they become more conscious of the effects that
products have on the environment. Nowadays, a
lot of customers, particularly in developed
countries, favor purchasing products from
 Impact on trading
businesses across
countries
Trade Restrictions on Environmentally
Harmful Goods
Certain nations ban trade in goods that are
considered to be detrimental to the environment, like
pesticides, single-use plastics, and non-renewable
minerals. These limitations have an effect on trading
companies because they restrict the markets for
specific goods and necessitate changes in
 Impact on trading
businesses across
countries
Emergence of Green Technologies
and Innovation
Green technology like renewable energy, electric
cars, and energy-efficient machinery are becoming
more and more popular as ecological globalization
places greater emphasis on sustainability. For
companies who manufacture or distribute these
 Impact on trading
businesses across
countries
Carbon Footprint Tracking and
Reporting
Businesses are tracking and reporting their
carbon footprints more frequently in order to
manage their environmental impact. These days,
many big businesses demand data on trash,
water use, and emissions from their suppliers,
 Impact on trading
businesses across
countries
Cost Implications Due to Eco-
friendly Measures
Since businesses may need to make investments in
new technologies, enhance waste management, or
modify manufacturing procedures, the initial
expenses of transitioning to sustainable practices
may increase. But in the long run, these
Examples of Ecological
Globalization
1. Climate Change
2. Plastic Pollution in
Oceans
3. Spread of Invasive
Species
4. Loss of Biodiversity