Chapter 5: Rizal’s Life –

Exile, Trial, and Death

A. Arrival in Manila
• Date: June 26, 1892
• Purpose: Rizal returned from Hong Kong with reformist
aspirations.
• Events:
o Met by Spanish authorities and closely monitored.
o Stayed at Hotel de Oriente.
o Held secret meetings with reformists and intellectuals.
B. Founding of La Liga Filipina
• Date: July 3, 1892
• Purpose: Establish a peaceful reform movement for Filipino rights
under Spanish rule.
• Key Members: Andres Bonifacio, Apolinario Mabini, Domingo Franco,
among others.
• Objectives:
• Mutual aid and protection for members.
• Encouragement of education, commerce, and industry.
• Support for peaceful reforms.
• Impact:
• Shortly after its founding, Rizal was arrested, and La Liga split into two
factions: Cuerpo de Compromisarios (peaceful reformists) and Katipunan
(revolutionaries).
C. Exile in Dapitan
• Date: July 17, 1892 - July 31, 1896
• Reasons for Exile: Considered a threat by Spanish authorities.
• Contributions in Dapitan:
• Education: Established a school for boys.
• Medicine: Provided free medical care.
• Infrastructure: Built water supply systems, lighting, and town planning.
• Agriculture & Industry: Introduced modern farming techniques and livelihood
projects.
• Significant People:
• Josephine Bracken (his romantic partner).
• Fr. Pablo Pastells (Jesuit priest who attempted to win Rizal back to the
Church).
D. Trial of Rizal
• Date: December 26, 1896
• Charges: Rebellion, sedition, and forming illegal associations.
• Court: Military tribunal in Manila.
• Defense:
• Denied active involvement in the revolution.
• Advocated for peaceful reforms.
• Verdict: Guilty; sentenced to death by firing squad.
• E. Execution and Death
• Date: December 30, 1896
• Location: Bagumbayan (now Luneta Park, Manila).
• Final Hours:
• Wrote his last poem, "Mi Ultimo Adios."
• Married Josephine Bracken in a Catholic ceremony.
• Execution:
• Faced the firing squad but turned at the last moment to face the sky.
• Last words: "Consummatum est" (It is finished).
• Legacy:
• Inspired the Philippine Revolution.
• Recognized as the National Hero of the Philippines.
• Conclusion: Rizal’s life, exile, trial, and
execution became pivotal moments in
Philippine history, sparking the revolution
and ultimately leading to the country's
independence. His legacy continues to
inspire Filipinos in their pursuit of freedom,
justice, and progress.
• Reflection for Aspiring Teachers

• Jose Rizal’s life, exile, trial, and execution serve

as a profound lesson for educators. His
dedication to education, love for knowledge,
and unwavering commitment to national
progress are qualities that every teacher should
embody. Despite the challenges he faced, Rizal
continued to inspire and uplift others, proving
that education is a powerful tool for change.
• As aspiring teachers, we must recognize that our
role goes beyond imparting knowledge—we are
also responsible for shaping the values and
principles of our students. Rizal’s selflessness
and vision for a better Philippines remind us that
education should be a means of empowerment,
fostering critical thinking, patriotism, and social
responsibility.
• Moreover, Rizal’s resilience in the face of
adversity highlights the importance of
courage in upholding truth and justice.
Teachers, like Rizal, should remain steadfast
in their advocacy for knowledge, fairness,
and progress, even in the most challenging
circumstances. In honoring Rizal’s legacy, we
commit to being educators who inspire,
lead, and nurture future generations toward
a brighter and more just society.
Conclusion:
• Rizal’s life, exile, trial, and execution became
pivotal moments in Philippine history,
sparking the revolution and ultimately
leading to the country's independence. His
legacy continues to inspire Filipinos in their
pursuit of freedom, justice, and progress.
Lessons from Rizal’s Exile, Trial, and
Death
1. Commitment to Education and Service

• Rizal dedicated his exile to educating the youth and

improving the lives of the people in Dapitan.

• Example: Aspiring teachers can embody this by continuously

improving their teaching methods and advocating for quality
education.
2. Resilience and Courage in Adversity
• Rizal faced injustice and oppression with dignity and
perseverance.

• Example: Teachers can instill resilience in students by

encouraging critical thinking and problem-solving in
difficult situations.
3. The Power of Peaceful Reform
• Rizal believed in nonviolent ways to achieve social
change.

• Example: Educators can promote peaceful discussions

and democratic principles in their classrooms.
4. The Importance of Nationalism and
Patriotism
• Rizal’s love for his country led him to sacrifice his life for its
freedom.

• Example: Teachers can foster a sense of national pride by

incorporating Filipino history, culture, and values into their
lessons.
5. Standing Up for What is Right
• Despite the threats against him, Rizal continued to
advocate for reforms and human rights.

• Example: Educators can teach students about justice,

fairness, and standing up against injustices in society.
6. Leaving a Lasting Legacy
• Rizal’s ideas and sacrifices inspired the Philippine
Revolution and future generations.

• Example: Teachers can create a lasting impact by

inspiring students to pursue knowledge, integrity, and
social responsibility.