Moment of silence

CHECKING OF
ATTENDANCE
CHARLES
HOW DO HOT
AIR BALLOON
OPERATE?
Charles’
Law
Behaviour of gases
TODAY’S TARGETS:

Identify the relationship between volume and

pressure at a constant temperature of gas.
Demonstrate Charles’ law using a short skit, and
Solve each sample of everyday scenarios on Charles’
law.
LET US HAVE THE PURPOSE/INTENTION OF THE LESSON
VISIBLE THINKING ROUTINE: SEE-THINK-
EXPLORE
What do you What do you What do you
SEE? THINK? EXPLORE?
What do you think
How does other
is the causes of
factors can
gas particles to
influence gas
move faster and
behavior?
spread apart?
What happens if we heat a gas too much? Is there a limit to
expansion?
WORD KEYS!
WORD KEYS!
Word Definition
In a classroom experiment, if
Directly States that if they increase or
a balloon is heated, its Proportional decrease in the same ratio

temperature increases,
Temperatur The degree or intensity of heat
causing its volume to expand e present in a substance or object

because temperature and Kelvin

The base unit of temperature in the
International System of Units
volume are directly
proportional according to Volume
The amount of space something
takes up.
Charles’s Law as long as the
Match the terms words in Column A with their corresponding
meaning in Column B.

1. Directly Proportional The base unit of temperature in

A
the International System of Units

2. Temperature B
The degree or intensity of heat
present in a substance or object
3. Kelvin
The amount of space something
C takes up.

4. Volume States that if they increase or

D
decrease in the same ratio
Match the terms words in Column A with their corresponding
meaning in Column B.
The base unit of temperature in
D A
1. Directly Proportional the International System of Units

B
The degree or intensity of heat
B 2. Temperature present in a substance or object

A The amount of space something

3. Kelvin C takes up.

C States that if they increase or

4. Volume D
decrease in the same ratio
LET US EXPLORE AND DISCOVER!
Today, we’ll explore and
discover everyday scenarios to
observe how gases behave
under different pressures.

These everyday examples help us

explore Charles’ law, which states
that at a constant pressure, the
volume of a gas is directly
proportional to its absolute
temperature (Kelvin).

Get ready to explore and discover

the science behind gases!
Charles’,
Camera,
Action!
 GROUP A TEMPERATURE CHANGES

Instruction: Create a short skit where gas

molecules react to temperature changes.
Group must creatively show gas expansion
and contraction in a real-world scenario

Question: How does temperature change

affect gases in daily life?
GROUP B TEMPERATURE VS VOLUME

Instruction: Create a short skit where show

how temperature affects the volume of gas
in a confined space. Group must creatively
show a real-world scenario

Question: How does an increase or decrease in

temperature affect the movement and spacing of
gas particles in a confined space?
 GROUP C GASES REACT

Instruction: Create a short skit show how

different gases react differently to
temperature changes. Group must creatively
show a real-world scenario
Question: How does the different gases expand
or contract at varying rates when exposed to
temperature changes?
GROUP D PRESSURE
CHANGES

Instruction: Create a short skit show how

pressure changes due to temperature
influence Charles’ Law. Group must
creatively show a real-world scenario

Question: How does a change in

temperature affect the volume and pressure
of a gas in a closed system
 SCORING RUBRICS

Teamwork/ Cooperation 3
Performed the experiment
correctly
3

Correct concept/answer 4

TOTAL SCORE 10
Presentatio
n
Application to Real-Life
Situations
How baking demonstrate the
Charles’ law?
Kinetic Molecular Theory
 Jacques Charles (1746-
1823)
• About 1787 he discovered Charles’s law
states that the volume of a given mass
of gas varies directly with the
absolute temperature of the gas
when pressure is kept constant.

• He use a gas in a cylinder with a

movable piston was cooled in a water
bath, showing a volume decrease of
1/273 per °C. At -273°C, the gas would
theoretically have zero volume.
As a container of confined gas is heated, its molecules increase in kinetic energy and push
the movable piston outward, resulting in an increase in volume.
The direct relationship of Charles’s law can be represented
by the following equation:

Where V is the volume of a gas this is directly proportional to its absolute

(Kelvin) temperature T
Volume is directly proportional to Temperature
TRY
!
Temperature(K) Volume(mL)

50 20 0.4
100 40
0
0.4
150 60 0
0.4
200 80
0
0.4
0
Were you able to verify the meaning of proportionality
constant?
CHARLES’ LAW EQUATION
Charles’ Law can also be used to compare changing conditions
for a gas.

Where,
⚬ V₁ is the initial volume of gas NOTE:
⚬ T₁ is the initial temperature of gas The direct relationship will only hold if
the temperatures are expressed in
⚬ V₂ is the final volume exerted by the gas Kelvin. Temperatures in Celsius will not
⚬ T₂ is the final temperature occupied by the gas
work. Recall the relationship that
K = °C + 273.
CHARLES’ LAW EQUATION

Derivation of this formula:V1T2 = T1V2 Get the final

volume

Step 1: Divide initial temperature (T1) Step 2: Rearrange the variables

both side

V1T2 = T1V2 V2 = V1T2

T T T
1 1 1
TRY!: SOLVING
PROBLEM
Problem: A balloon is filled to a volume of 2.20 L at a temperature
of 22°C. The balloon is then heated to a temperature of 71°C. Find
the new volume of the balloon.
GIVEN V1: 2.20L| T₁ : 22 °C | T₂ : 71 °C
REQUIRED V2 / volume/ final volume
EQUATION V₂ = V₁ T₂ /
SOLUTION T₁

ANSWER
CONVERT °C TO K USING:
K = °C + 273
T₁ : 22 + 273 = 295 K | T₂ : 71 + 273 = 344 K
V₂ (2.20L)(344 K) / (295 K) = 2.57 L
V₂ = 2.57 L Therefore, the volume increases as the temperature
increases.
TRY!: SOLVING
PROBLEM
Problem: A gas occupies 1.00L at standard temperature. What is
the volume at 333.0 °C?
GIVEN V1: 1.00L| T₁ : 273 K | T₂ : 333.0 °C
REQUIRED V2 / volume/ final volume
EQUATION V₂ = V₁ T₂ /
SOLUTION
T₁

ANSWER
CONVERT °C TO K USING: K = °C + 273
T₂ : 333 + 273 = 606 K
V₂ (1.00L)(606 K) / (273 K) = 2.19 or 2.2 L

V₂ = 2.2 L Therefore, the volume increases as the temperature

increases.
Real-life Application

• When bacteria invade, your

immune system fights back
by releasing chemicals
called pyrogens.

• These chemicals tell your

brain’s hypothalamus to
raise your body
Objective: Summarize Charles's Law and its significance
in 2 mins or less.

Scenario: You’re pitching to a tech company designing

temperature-sensitive gas containers.

Task: Individually or in pairs, craft a 2 - minute pitch

explaining Charles's Law and why understanding it is
critical for safety and efficiency.
QUIZ
TIME
1.How is Charles’s Law different from Boyle’s Law? In what
situations would each law apply?

2. A balloon expands as it heats up in the sun. What

factors could cause the balloon to burst, even if the
temperature change seems small?

3. If a gas at 100°C and 2 L is cooled to -73°C, what will

happen to its volume? How would this affect a hot air
balloon in cold weather?