HIPERLAN

Introduction
• In 1996, the ETSI standardized HIPERLAN 1 as a WLAN allowing for node
mobility and supporting ad-hoc and infrastructure-based topologies.
• HIPERLAN stands for high performance local area network.
• HIPERLAN 1 was originally one out of four HIPERLANs envisaged, as ETSI
decided to have different types of networks for different purposes.
• The key feature of all four networks is their integration of time-sensitive data
transfer services.
• Over time, names have changed and the former HIPERLANs 2, 3, and 4 are now
called HiperLAN2, HIPERACCESS, and HIPERLINK.
• The current focus is on HiperLAN2, a standard that comprises many elements
from ETSI’s BRAN (broadband radio access networks) and wireless ATM
activities.
HyperLan
 Introduction
• Neither wireless ATM nor HIPERLAN 1 were a commercial success.
• However, the standardization efforts had a lot of impact on QoS supporting
wireless broadband networks such as HiperLAN2
• HiperLAN features:
• Range 100 m
• Slow mobility (1.4 m/s)
• Supports asynchronous and synchronous traffic
• Bit rate - 23.59 Mbit/s
• Description- Wireless Ethernet
• Frequency range- 5 GHz
 HIPERLAN 1
• ETSI describes HIPERLAN 1 as a wireless LAN supporting priorities and
packet life time for data transfer at 23.5 Mbit/s, including forwarding
mechanisms, topology discovery, user data encryption, network identification
and power conservation mechanisms.
• HIPERLAN 1 should operate at 5.1–5.3 GHz with a range of 50 m in buildings
at 1 W transmit power.
• The service offered by a HIPERLAN 1 is compatible with the standard MAC
services known from IEEE 802.x LANs. Addressing is based on standard 48 bit
MAC addresses.
• A special HIPERLAN 1 identification scheme allows the concurrent operation
of two or more physically overlapping HIPERLANs without mingling their
communication.
 HIPERLAN 1
• Confidentiality is ensured by an encryption/decryption algorithm that
requires the identical keys and initialization vectors for successful
decryption of a data stream encrypted by a sender.
• An innovative feature of HIPERLAN 1, which many other wireless
networks do not offer, is its ability to forward data packets using
several relays.
• Relays can extend the communication on the MAC layer beyond the
radio range.
 HIPERLAN 1
• For power conservation, a node may set up a specific wake-up pattern.
This pattern determines at what time the node is ready to receive, so
that at other times, the node can turn off its receiver and save energy.
• These nodes are called p-savers and need so-called p-supporters that
contain information about the wake-up patterns of all the p-savers they
are responsible for.
• A p-supporter only forwards data to a p-saver at the moment the p-
saver is awake.
• This action also requires buffering mechanisms for packets on p-
supporting forwarders.
 Channel Access and Control(CAC)
• The CAC layer defines how a given channel access attempt will be
made depending on whether the channel is busy or idle, and at what
priority level the attempt will be made, if contention is necessary.
• A transmission passes through three phases: the priortization phase,
the contention phase and the transmission phase. The transmission
phase forms the channel access cycles because during the
transmission the medium is considered free. The whole three phases
forms a synchronized channel access cycle.
 Channel Access and Control(CAC)
• CAC works in the following three steps:
• 1. During priortization phase, the data transmissions with highest
channel access priority are selected out. Channel access priority is
based on Packet Residual Lifetime and user priority.
• 2. In contention phase, CAC compete with any other HiperLAN 1 CAC
with same priority. CAC transmits a signal. At the end of transmission,
the CAC listens to the channel. If another device is still transmitting, it
defers its transmission until the next channel access cycle. Otherwise
the CAC gains the channel and begins its transmission.
• 3. Transmit the data in the transmission phase.
 HIPERLAN 2
• HiperLAN/2 functional specification was accomplished February 2000.
• Version 2 is designed as a fast wireless connection for many kinds of networks.
• Those are UMTS back bone network, ATM and IP networks.
• Also it works as a network at home like HiperLAN/1. HiperLAN/2 uses the 5
GHz band and up to 54 Mbit/s data rate.
• The physical layer of HiperLAN/2 is very similar to IEEE 802.11a wireless local
area networks. However, the media access control (the multiple access protocol) is
Dynamic TDMA in HiperLAN/2, while CSMA/CA is used in 802.11a/n.
• Basic services in HiperLAN/2 are data, sound, and video transmission. The
emphasis is in the quality of these services (QoS).
Architecture
 The Protocol Stack
• Physical layer: An OFDM-based Physical
Layer capable in providing up to 54 Mbps
transfer rate for both the uplink and
downlink.
• DLC layer: Its main function is to transfer
the data to the physical layer in an efficient
manner. This can be achieved by prioritizing
the use of the shared medium. This layer
uses retransmission mechanisms, priorities
for different flows of data, error control
mechanisms, maintenance of the wireless
link (status of each separate connection,
accept/reject new calls for resources) etc.
 The Protocol Stack
• Convergence layer (CL): In this layer a conversion of the IP, UMTS or ATM data
into DLC packets has to be performed. CL is divided into sublayers: the Service
Specific Convergence Sublayer (which is attached to the higher layers) and the
Common Part (which is attached to the DLC layer). The SSCS performs the
mapping for each particular technology (e.g. IP, Ethernet, ATM) while the CP
takes care of segmentation and reassembly among other functionalities.
• The higher layers can be IP, ATM, UMTS or Ethernet. For each particular case a
certain SSCS has to be developed.