THE 4TH PILLAR OF

CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM

CORRECTION
 CORRECTION
 Correction is the branch of
criminal justice charged with the
responsibility of custody,
supervision, and rehabilitation.
 Correction aims to prevent
repetition of unlawful activities.
 The weakest pillar.
PURPOSE OF CORRECTION
 To give punishment (penalty)
 To rehabilitation of offender
 Reintegration
 Deterrence
 WHAT IS PENALTY?
 It is also known as punishment.

 It is refers to the suffering inflicted

by the state for the transgression of
the law.
 CONCEPT OF DETERRENCE
1. General Deterrence – this can be
thought of as the power of criminal law
and the agencies of criminal justice to
deter offenders from committing crimes.
2. Special Deterrence – this form of
deterrence is designed to prevent further
crimes by someone who has been
already experience the sanctions.
 What are the ultimate goals of
correctional treatment? (3 R’s)

 To reform
 To rehabilitate
 To reintegrate
 JAILS
 Jails are primarily adult penal
institution use for the detention
of law violation. Serve as a place
for the detention of accused
persons charged with having
committed crimes.
 Types of Jails
1. District Jail – Is a facility or a place of
confinement for inmates from a city or
clustered municipalities who are waiting or
undergoing trial or serving sentence of (1)
day to three (3) years.
2. City Jail – A facility or a place of confinement
for those inmates who are sentenced with a
penalty from (1) one day to three (3) years
imprisonment.
3. Municipal Jail – A facility or a place of
confinement for those who are sentenced with a
penalty for a term mot exceeding six (6) month
imprisonment.
4. Provincial Jail – A facility or place of
confinement for inmates who are sentenced
with imprisonment from six (6) months and (1)
to three (3) years imprisonment.
 TYPES OF JAIL
1. Lock-up – a security facility for the temporary
detention of persons held for investigation or
awaiting preliminary investigation.
2. Ordinary Jail – used to detain a convicted
criminal offender to serve sentence less than
3 years.
3. Workhouse, Jail farms or camp – a facility
that houses minimum custody offenders who
are serving short sentence or those who are
ongoing constructive work programs.
 PRISON
It houses prisoners, who by reason of their sentence
maybe deprived of liberty more than 3 years.

PRISONER
A person who is under custody of a lawful authority.
A person who by the reason of his criminal sentence
or by a decision by the court, may be deprived of his
liberty and freedom
GENERAL
CATEGORIES OF
INMATES
PRISONER
-Convicted with final judgment.
Classification of sentence prisoners and
the place of their confinements

1.Insular Prisoner or National

Prisoners- One who is sentence to a
prison term of (3) years and (1) day to
reclusion Perpetua or life imprisonment.
The prisoner is under the supervision and
control of the Bureau of Correction
2. Provincial Prisoner- One who is sentence to a
prison term of (6) months and (1) day to (3) years.
The prisoner is under the supervision and control of
the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology.

3. City Prisoner- those sentence to suffer a term of

imprisonment from (1) day to (3) years.

4. Municipal Prisoner- is a prisoner who is sentence

to serve a term of (1) day to (6) months.
 GENERAL CLASSIFICATION OF
PRISONERS
1. Detention Prisoners - those detained for
investigation, preliminary hearing, or awaiting
trial.
2. Sentenced Prisoners - offenders who are
committed to the jail or prison in order to serve
their sentence after final conviction by a
competent court.
3. Prisoners who are on Safekeeping -
includes non-criminal offenders who are detained
in order to protect the community against their
harmful behavior. Ex. Mentally deranged
2. DETAINEE
-Inmate who is undergoing investigation/trial or awaiting
trial.

Classification of Detainees
 Undergoing investigation
 Awaiting or undergoing trial
 Awaiting final judgment
 Classification of Prisoners According to
Degree of Security
1. Super Maximum – Highly dangerous person
who are the source of constant disturbances
even in a maximum security prison.
2. Maximum Security Prisoners – employed at the
MSP NBP main Building.
- Orange/ tangerine uniforms.
3. Medium Security Prisoners – employed as
agricultural workers.
- confined in Camp Sampaguita
- wears Blue uniforms
4. Minimum Security Prisoners
- Trusted to serve sentence
under “open conditions”
- Confined in Camp
Bukangliwayway
- wears brown uniforms
THREE DEPARTMENT THAT COMPOSED THE
PHILIPPINE CORRECTIONAL SYSTEM

1. Department of Justice (DOJ)

2. Department of Interior and Local

Government (DILG)

3. Department of Social welfare and

Development (DSWD)
 THREE DEPARTMENT THAT COMPOSED THE
PHILIPPINE CORRECTIONAL SYSTEM
1. Department of Justice (DOJ)

The Department of Justice in the Philippines was

established through Act No. 4007, also known as
the "Revised Administrative Code of 1917."
This law, enacted during the American colonial
period on December 8, 1933, reorganized the
executive departments of the Philippine
government and created the Department of
Justice as one of the principal departments
under the executive branch of the government.
 THREE DEPARTMENT THAT COMPOSED THE
PHILIPPINE CORRECTIONAL SYSTEM
2. Department of Interior and Local Government
(DILG)

The Department of the Interior and Local

Government in the Philippines was established
through Republic Act No. 6975, also known as the
"Department of the Interior and Local
Government Act of 1990." This law was enacted on
December 13, 1990, and it reorganized the structure
of the Philippine government by creating the DILG as
a department under the executive branch of the
government.
 THREE DEPARTMENT THAT COMPOSED
THE PHILIPPINE CORRECTIONAL SYSTEM
3. Department of Social welfare and
Development (DSWD)

Department of Social Welfare and

Development in the Philippines is Republic Act
No. 4373. This law, enacted on June 19, 1965,
created the DSWD as the primary government
agency responsible for the formulation and
implementation of social welfare policies and
programs in the country. The (DSWD) is under
the executive branch of the government.
AGENCIES UNDER DOJ INVOLVED IN
CORRECTIONAL ADMINISTRATION

 Bureau of Correction (BuCor)

 Board of Pardon and Parole (BPP)

 Probation and Parole Administration

(PPA)
Bureau of Correction (BuCor)

Republic Act No. 10575, known as "The Bureau of

Corrections Act of 2013." This act aims to
strengthen the Bureau of Corrections (BuCor) and
provide funds,
was enacted on May 24, 2013.

The Bureau of Corrections under the Department of

Justice is responsible for the custody and
rehabilitation of national offenders, specifically those
sentenced to serve a term of imprisonment of more
than three years.
Board of Pardon and Parole (BPP)

Republic Act No. 4203. This act establishes the

Board of Pardons and Parole, composed of the
Secretary of Justice as its chairman and four
members appointed by the President with the consent
of the Commission on Appointments.

The Board of Pardon and Parole is responsible for

reviewing applications for executive clemency, such
as pardons and commutations of sentences, and
making recommendations to the President of the
Philippines regarding parole for eligible prisoners.
Probation and Parole Administration (PPA)

The Probation and Parole Administration was created

through Republic Act No. 10707, also known as
the "Act Establishing the Probation and Parole
Administration." This law, enacted on July 30, 2015,
established the Probation and Parole Administration
as an agency under the Department of Justice.

The Probation and Parole Administration is

responsible for supervising probationers and
parolees, providing rehabilitation programs, and
facilitating the reintegration of offenders into society.
 AGENCIES UNDER DILG INVOLVED IN
CORRECTIONAL ADMINISTRATION

 Bureau of Jail Management and

Penology (BJMP)

 Provincial Government
Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP)

The Bureau of Jail Management and Penology was

created January 2, 1991, through Republic Act No.
6975, also known as the "Department of the Interior
and Local Government Act of 1990." This law,
enacted on December 13, 1990, reorganized the
structure of the Department of the Interior and Local
Government (DILG) and established the BJMP as an
agency under the DILG.

It is responsible for the management and supervision

of city, district, and municipal jails in the Philippines.
Provincial Government

Which supervise and control their respective

provincial and sub-provincial jail.

Each province in the Philippines has its own

Provincial Government, headed by an elected
Governor and Vice Governor.

It was established through the enactment of Republic

Act No. 7160, also known as the Local Government
Code of 1991.
 AGENCIES UNDER DSWD INVOLVED IN
CORRECTIONAL ADMINISTRATION

 JUVENILE JUSTICE AND WELFARE COUNCIL

JUVENILE JUSTICE AND WELFARE COUNCIL(JJWC)

The Juvenile Justice and Welfare Council is a non-

institutional correctional entity. The (JJWC) is a
government body responsible for coordinating, monitoring,
and evaluating the implementation of the (Juvenile
Justice and Welfare Act (Republic Act No. 9344, as
amended by Republic Act No. 10630).

The Juvenile Justice and welfare counsil is responsible

for ensuring the protection of the rights of children in
conflict with the law, promoting their rehabilitation and
reintegration into society, and advocating for a restorative
justice approach in dealing with juvenile offenders.
 KINDS OF CORRECTIONS

1.Institutional
Corrections
2.Non- institutional
Corrections
 INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTIONS
PROGRAMS
 Education and Skills Training
 Work and Livelihood
 Moral and spiritual Programs
 Medical and healthcare
Services
 Sports and Recreation
NON- INSTITUTIOMAL CORRECTIONS

 It refers to correctional activities that

may take place within the
community or the method of
correcting sentenced offenders
without having to go to prison.
1. Board of Pardons and Parole
2. Probation and Parole
Administration
NON- INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTION

 Probation
 Parole
 Pardon (absolute and
conditional)
 Amnesty
 WHAT IS PROBATION?
Is a disposition whereby a
defendant after conviction of an
offence, the penalty of which does
not exceed six years imprisonment,
is released subject to conditions
imposed by the releasing court and
under the supervision of a probation
officer.
 What is PAROLE?
Is the suspension of the
sentence of a convict after
having served the minimum of
the sentence imposed without
granting pardon, prescribing
the terms of the suspension.
 PARDON
(absolute and conditional)
 It is defined as an act of grace proceeding
from the power entrusted with the
President which exempts the individual on
whom it is bestowed, from punishment the
law inflicts for a crime he has committed.
a. Absolute Pardon – given without any
condition.
b. Conditional Pardon – given with
conditions.
 AMNESTY
 Is an act of sovereign power
granting oblivion or general
pardon for a past offense usually
granted in favor of certain classes
of persons who have committed
crimes of a political character,
such as treason, sedition,
rebellion.
THE END