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Sequential Circuit

The document outlines the differences between combinational and sequential circuits, highlighting that sequential circuits have memory and depend on both current and past inputs. It describes types of sequential circuits, including asynchronous and synchronous, and introduces memory elements like latches and flip-flops. Additionally, it explains the construction and behavior of basic SR latches using NOR and NAND gates, as well as the D latch.

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9 views13 pages

Sequential Circuit

The document outlines the differences between combinational and sequential circuits, highlighting that sequential circuits have memory and depend on both current and past inputs. It describes types of sequential circuits, including asynchronous and synchronous, and introduces memory elements like latches and flip-flops. Additionally, it explains the construction and behavior of basic SR latches using NOR and NAND gates, as well as the D latch.

Uploaded by

msaikat2420035
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SEQUENTIAL

CIRCUIT
Slides by Redwanul Mahbub Talukder
Differences with Combinational
Circuit
Topic Combinational Circuit Sequential Circuit

Memory No memory — output Has memory — output depends


depends only on current on current and past inputs
inputs

Feedback No feedback loop Feedback exists via memory


Path elements (e.g., flip-flops)

Hardware Adders, multiplexers, Flip-flop circuits, counters,


Example decoders registers

Uses Simple logic operations Complex systems like processors,


memory units, traffic lights

Depends On Only Present Input Present Input and Past State


Block Diagram of Sequential
Circuit

You can think of

-> Microwave Oven Timer


-> Changing TV channel by remote
Types of Sequential Circuit

1. Asynchronous Sequential Circuit

Memory element responds to input

changes immediately.
Types of Sequential Circuit

2. Synchronous Sequential Circuit

Memory element responds to input only at

discrete time intervals


Memory Element

1. Latch - Level Triggered


a) Transparent Latch ( Asynchronous)

b) Gated Latch (Synchronous)

2. Flip- Flop - Edge Triggered


a) Positive edge Flip Flop

b) Negative edge Flip Flop

We can have a better understanding looking at timing diagram !!


Gated Latch
Flip Flop (positive edge triggered)
SR Latch

-> Latch can be prepared by cascading 2 Not Gates back to back. But
that will store by using a switch.

-> We can use 2 input logic gate instead of a switch by two cross
coupled NOR or NAND Gates
Basic NOR SR Latch
● SR latch is made from two cross-coupled NORs
● Usually S=0 and R=0, the present state prevails or
no change
● When Q = 1, the SR-Latch is in the Set state
● When Q = 0, the SR-Latch is in the Reset state
● S=1 and R=1 generates illogical results
Basic NAND SR Latch
● SR latch is made from two cross-coupled NANDs
● Sometimes called S’ R’ latch
● Usually S’=1 and R’=1, present state prevails or no change
● S’=0 and R’=0 generates illogical results

‘ ‘
Gated/Clocked SR Latch
S’

R’

SR Latch Symbol
D Latch
▪ Adding an inverter to the S-R Latch, gives the D
Latch:
▪ Note that there are no “indeterminate” states!

D Latch Symbol

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