DATA WAREHOUSING

AND MINING

NISHITHA K C
LECTURER
DEPT.OF BCA
YIASCM
 UNIT 1
DATA MINING
TABLE OF CONTENTS
•Data mining tasks
•Data mining functionalities
OBJECTIVE
•Students will be able to understand
data mining tasks .
•This presentation also gives knowledge
about data mining functionalities.
DATA MINING TASKS
• Data mining tasks can be classified into
two categories:
i. Descriptive
ii. Predictive.
i. Descriptive :
• It provides certain knowledge about the
data, for instance, count, average.
• It gives information about what is
happening inside the data without any
previous idea.
• It exhibits the common features in the
data.
• In simple words, the general properties of
ii.Predictive :
• This helps the developers in
understanding the characteristics that
are not explicitly available.
• For instance, the prediction of business
analysis in the next quarter with the
performance of the previous quarters.
• In general, the predictive analysis
predicts or infers the characteristics with
 DATA MINING FUNCTIONALITIES
• The functionality of data mining includes :
i. Class/Concept Description: Characterization and
Discrimination
ii. Classification
iii.Prediction
iv.Association Analysis
v. Cluster Analysis
vi.Outlier Analysis
vii.Evolution & Deviation Analysis
i. Class or Concept Description :
• Class or Concept refers to the data that is
linked or correlated with some classes or
some concepts.
• That is, data can be associated with
classes or concepts.
• For example, in the Electronics store,
classes of items for sale include computers
and printers, and concepts of customers
 Data Characterization :
When you summarize the general
features of the data, it is called data
characterization.
It produces the characteristic rules
for the target class
The generalized data is presented in
various forms like tables, pie charts,
line charts, bar charts, and graphs.
 Data Discrimination :
It means to classify a class with the
help of some predefined group or
class.
It compares common features of
class which is under study.
Data discrimination is a comparison
of the general features of target
class data objects with the general
ii.Classification
• Classification is the process of finding a
model that describes and distinguishes
data classes for the purpose of being able
to use the model to predict the class of
objects whose class label is unknown.
• It uses data models to predict the trends
in data.
iii.Prediction :
• It is a forecasting technique that allows us to find value
deep into the future.
• A huge data set of past values is needed to predict future
trends.
• Prediction finds the missing numeric values in the data.
• It uses regression analysis to find the unavailable data.
• If the class label is missing, then the prediction is done
using classification.
• There are two ways one can predict data:
Predicting the unavailable or missing data using
iv.Association Analysis :
• It relates two or more attributes of the data.
• It discovers the relationship between the data
and the rules that are binding them.
• It associates attributes that are frequently
transacted together.
• They find out what are called association rules
and are widely used in market basket analysis.
• Eg : The suggestion that Amazon shows on the
bottom, “Customers who bought this also
v. Cluster Analysis :
• Unsupervised classification is called
cluster analysis.
• It is similar to the classification where
the data are grouped.
• Unlike classification, in cluster analysis,
the class label is unknown.
• Data are grouped based on clustering
algorithms.
• Clustering analyses data objects
without consulting a known class label.

Fig : Cluster
vi.Outlier Analysis :
• When data that cannot be grouped in any
of the class appears, we use outlier
analysis.
• There will be occurrences of data that will
have different attributes to any of the
other classes or general models.
• These outstanding data are called outliers.
• They are usually considered noise or
• These outliers may be valuable associations in
many applications, although they are usually
discarded as noise.
• They are also called exceptions or surprises, and
it is significant in identifying them.
• The outliers are identified using statistical tests
that find the probability.
• Other names for outliers are:
 Deviants
 Abnormalities
 Discordant
vii.Evolution and Deviation Analysis :
• With evolution analysis, we get time-
related clustering of data.
• Trends and changes in behaviour over
a period can be found.
• We can find features like time-series
data, periodicity, and similarity in
trends with such distinct analysis.
viii.Mining frequent patterns :
• Frequent patterns are nothing but things
that are found to be most common in
the data.
• There are different kinds of frequency
that can be observed in the dataset.
They are :
a)Frequent item set:
This applies to a number of items that
b) Frequent Subsequence:
This refers to the pattern series that
often occurs regularly. Eg : Purchasing
a phone followed by a back cover.
c) Frequent Substructure:
It refers to the different kinds of data
structures such as trees and graphs
that may be combined with the item
set or subsequence.
CONCLUSION
• Data mining tasks can be classified into two
categories: Descriptive and Predictive.
• The functionality of data mining includes :
Class/Concept Description: Characterization and
Discrimination, Classification , Prediction, Association
Analysis, Cluster Analysis, Outlier Analysis, Evolution
& Deviation Analysis and Mining frequent pattern
REFERENCE
• https://www.upgrad.com/blog/data-mining-functionalities
• https://
www.geeksforgeeks.org/tasks-and-functionalities-of-data-mini
ng
Than
k you