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Unit 2 Part 4

The document discusses network topology, defining it as the pattern of interconnection of nodes in a network, which can be physical or logical. It outlines various types of physical topologies including bus, star, ring, mesh, and tree topologies, each with their respective advantages and disadvantages. The document emphasizes the importance of understanding these topologies for effective network design and management.

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7 views8 pages

Unit 2 Part 4

The document discusses network topology, defining it as the pattern of interconnection of nodes in a network, which can be physical or logical. It outlines various types of physical topologies including bus, star, ring, mesh, and tree topologies, each with their respective advantages and disadvantages. The document emphasizes the importance of understanding these topologies for effective network design and management.

Uploaded by

lucky222008z
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIT 2

COMMUNICATION
AND NETWORK
CONCEPTS
PART 4
NETWORK TOPOLOGY
STRUCTURE OF A NETWORK

The pattern of interconnection of nodes in a


network is known as Network Structure or
Network Topology.
TOPOLOGY CAN BE PHYSICAL OR
LOGICAL
Physical Topology- Physical layout of nodes
and cables in the network.
Logical Topology- The way information flows
between different components.
TYPES OF PHYSICAL NETWORK
TOPOLOGIES
Bus Topology
Star Topology
Ring Topology
Mesh Topology
Tree Topology
BUS TOPOLOGY

 Nodes are connected through


a common communication
media which is called
Backbone.
 ADVANTAGES OF A BUS
TOPOLOGY
 Easy to install
 Short cable length
 Easy to extend to a certain limit.
Example- A network in one building.
 DISADVANTAGES OF A BUS
TOPOLOGY
 Fault diagnosis is difficult
 If there is fault or break in main
cable whole system shut down.
 It cannot be used for large number
of nodes.
STAR TOPOLOGY

 The star topology uses a


separate cable for each node/
workstation. The cable
connects the node to a central
device called HUB.
 ADVANTAGES OF A STAR
TOPOLOGY
 Removal and addition of node is
very easy.
 It is easy to detect faults as all
nodes are centrally connected.
 If one link fails the network can still
function
 DISADVANTAGE OF A STAR
TOPOLOGY
 Everything depends on the hub.
RING TOPOLOGY

 In ring topology every node is


connected to the next node and
each node transmit the signal,
which is receives from the
previous node and also amplifies
it.
 The messages flow around the
ring in one direction.
 ADVANTAGES OF A RING
TOPOLOGY
 Easy to install
 Short cable length
 Easy to detect a problem
 DISADVANTAGE OF A RING
TOPOLOGY
 Node failure causes network failure.
MESH TOPOLOGY

 In mesh topology, separate cable is


used to connect each node to every
other node on the network, providing a
straight communication path.

 ADVANTAGES OF A MESH
TOPOLOGY
 Avoid traffic since each link can carry its own
data.
 If one link breaks, the rest of the network is
still functional
 Easy to detect a problem in the network by
discovering which device is having problems
and examining the link that connects to it.

 DISADVANTAGES OF A MESH
TOPOLOGY
 A lot of cables are needed
 Too many cables mean too much cost.
 Too many cables mean complex network.
TREE TOPOLOGY

 In tree topology a central root


node (the top level of the
hierarchy) is connected to one
or more other nodes in the
hierarchy.
 ADVANTAGES OF A TREE TOPOLOGY
 Failing of one segment does not
effect the rest of the network.
 Network can be extended by adding
secondary nodes.
 DISADVANTAGES OF A TREE
TOPOLOGY
 Maintenance of the network may be
an issue when the network spans a
great area.
 If the root node fails, the entire
network is disabled.

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