DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

ENGINEERING
A
MAJOR PROJECT ON
WIRELESS BLACK BOX USING SENSORS AND GPS MODULE

Presented By: BATCH NO. 08

Under the guidance of
Mrs.D.KIRTANA R.Prasanna(20P61A04H1)
Asst. Prof M.Sai priya(20P61A04D5)
Dept. of ECE M.Neshvitha vani(20P61A04C8)
R.Tulasi(20P61A04G2)
 CONTENTS
• Objective
• Introduction
• Existing system
• Proposed system
 INTRODUCTION
• In a critical situation many vehicles face accident, due to this lot of person
lost their lives. Some people can be saved at that time, but because of lack
of information, time and place it may not be possible. Our project will
provide an optimum solution to that draw back.
• An accelerometer can be used in a car alarm application; Dangerous
driving can be detected with an accelerometer. It can be used as a crash
recorder of the vehicle movements before, during and after a crash. With
signals from an accelerometer, a severe accident can be recognized.
• The main aim of the project is design a wireless black box which is used to
track the vehicle location and which is used to detect the temperature and
humidity and also which is used to detect the accident and sending the
alert message along with location to the predefine mobile number using
GSM and GPS.
 Previous System
• Post-Accident Detection Systems.
• Lack of Intelligence in the detection systems.
• Fails to track the collision and pre-damage status.
 PROPOSED SYSTEM
• Pre accident detection
• Tracking of collision
• Intelligent system
• Location tracking.
• Sending emergency message to the predefine mobile numbers
in emergency situation.
 Features of Proposed System
• MEMS based user-friendly interfacing
• Location based alerts in the for SMS messages
sing GSM
• Accident detection suing MEMS.
• Audible and visual alerts using LCD and buzzer
• Implementation of real time embedded
system which involves hardware and software
interaction.
• Software’s used in this project:
1. Arduino ide studio compiler for dumping code into Microcontroller.

2. Express SCH for Circuit design.

3. Embedded C language.
Block diagram of the project

Power supply

DHT11
GSM
sensor Smart
Mobile
MEMS
GPS
sensor Arduino
Nano
Micro LCD LCD
LED indicator
Controller driver display

Buzzer
Buzzer
driver
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
1. Regulated power supply with voltage regulator.
2. MEMS accelerometer sensor.
3. GPS module.
4. GSM.
5. LCD display.
6. Buzzer.
7. Arduino Nano Microcontroller.
8. DHT11 Sensor.
 Regulated Power Supply
• PIC Microcontrollers requires a 5V DC for its operation.

• The aim of this block is to convert battery voltage to 5V DC.

• The process of conversion is shown below:

Bridge
Battery Rectifier
7805 voltage 5volts to
based power (Protection
regulator Microcontroller
source for polarity
reversal)
 Arduino nano

Arduino Nano is based on the ATmega328 SMD chip. It has 14

digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs),
8 analog inputs, 1 UARTs (hardware serial ports), a 16 MHz crystal
oscillator, a USB connection, and a reset button.
ARDUINO NANO SPECIFICATIONS:
SIM800 GSM MODULE
SIM900A GSM Module is the smallest and cheapest module for
GPRS/GSM communication. The module offers GPRS/GSM
technology for communication with the uses of a mobile sim. It uses
a 900 and 1800MHz frequency band and allows users to
receive/send mobile calls and SMS.
 GPS (global positioning system)

 GPS is the acronym for global positioning system.

 A GPS receiver should receive the signal from minimum 4

satellite.

 All the GPS satellites are synchronized with atomic clocks. Atomic
clocks are more accurate than the normal clocks.

 A GPS receiver can give the details of longitude, latitude, altitude,

time also.

 DGPS are more accuracy than the normal GPS receivers.

 GPS (global positioning system)

• GPS stands for global positioning system, which provides

unequalled accuracy and flexibility of positioning for
navigation.

• The GPS provides continuous three-dimensional positioning

24 hrs a day throughout the world. GPS provides accurate
location and time information for an unlimited number of
people in all weather, day and night, anywhere in the world.

• The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based

navigation system made up of a network of 24 satellites
placed into orbit
 SIGNALS RECEIVED BY A SATELLITE

P CODE (AUTHORIZED PERSONS)

10.23 MBPS

L-BAND SIGNALS

C/A CODE (PUBLIC USAGE)

1.023MBPS
 LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)
• A liquid crystal display (LCD) is a thin, flat electronic
visual display that uses the light modulating properties
of liquid crystals.
• The LCD display used in the project is 16X2.
• We use this display to show the number from which
request is received.
Pin No.
PIN
Name
DESCRIPTION
Description
Pin no. 1 VSS Power supply (GND)
Pin no. 2 VCC Power supply (+5V)
Pin no. 3 VEE Contrast adjust
0 = Instruction input
Pin no. 4 RS
1 = Data input
0 = Write to LCD module
Pin no. 5 R/W
1 = Read from LCD module
Pin no. 6 EN Enable signal
Pin no. 7 D0 Data bus line 0 (LSB)
Pin no. 8 D1 Data bus line 1
Pin no. 9 D2 Data bus line 2
Pin no. 10 D3 Data bus line 3
Pin no. 11 D4 Data bus line 4
Pin no. 12 D5 Data bus line 5
Pin no. 13 D6 Data bus line 6
Pin no. 14 D7 Data bus line 7 (MSB)
MEMS Accelerometer Sensor
ADXL335
MEMS - Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems
The sensor consists of a micro-machined
structure on a silicon wafer. The structure is
suspended by polysilicon springs which
allow it to deflect smoothly in any direction
when subject to acceleration in the X, Y
and/or Z axis. Deflection causes a change in
capacitance between fixed plates and plates
attached to the suspended structure. This
change in capacitance on each axis is
converted to an output voltage proportional
to the acceleration on that axis.
 Specifications
• Power Supply : 3-5v
• Axis: X,Y,Z output
• Output: Analog
 Humidity Sensor DHT11

A humidity sensor senses, measures and regularly reports the

relative humidity in the air. It measures both moisture and air
temperature. Relative humidity, expressed as a percent, is the
ratio of actual moisture in the air to the highest amount of
moisture air at that temperature can hold. The warmer the air is,
the more moisture it can hold, so relative humidity changes with
fluctuations in temperature.
• Relative humidity
• Resolution: 16Bit
• Repeatability: ±1% RH
• Accuracy: At 25℃ ±5% RH
• Interchangeability: fully interchangeable
• Response time: 1 / e (63%) of 25℃ 6s 1m / s air 6s
• Temperature
• Resolution: 16Bit
• Repeatability: ±0.2℃
• Range: At 25℃ ±2℃
• Response time: 1 / e (63%) 10S
• Electrical Characteristics
• Power supply: DC 3.5～5.5V
• Supply Current: measurement 0.3mA standby 60μ A
• Sampling period: more than 2 seconds
• Pin Description
• 1, the VDD power supply 3.5～5.5V DC
• 2 DATA serial data, a single bus
• 3, NC, empty pin
• 4, GND ground, the negative power
 LIGHT EMITTING DIODE

 A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor

 diode that radiates light (electro luminescence) when current passes
through it in the forward direction.

 Infrared LED to work in our remote controls, and get other ones of different
colors to make indicators or, in large arrays, displays - even color ones.

 The color of the emitted light depends on the composition and condition of
the semi conducting material used, and can be infrared, visible, or near-
ultraviolet.
 BUZZER

1. piezo electric buzzer, it generates sound because of the

piezoelectric effect.

characteristics of buzzer circuit :

1. sound level -------------------70-95 dB
2. current consumption---------35-60 ma
3. resonant frequency---------- 1-3 khz
 Results
• This system able to detect the accidents and monitoring
temperature and humidity continuously.
• When the accident was detected ,then GSM module will sent a
message to the family member and also active the buzzer. The
message includes the location, time and other details regarding
the accident.
• This message will helps the ambulance driver and family
member to reach the accident spot in time and to take patients
to the hospital.
 ADVANTAGES
 By using this project we can save the peoples life.
 Work from anywhere in the world using GSM technology.
 Using GPS Technology.
 Audible ,visible alerts using Buzzer, LCD.
 Abnormal condition the system send the alert message to the
family members and ambulance section.
 Manual attention is not required
 Efficient and low cost design.
 Low power consumption.
 Fast response.
 Disadvantages
• GSM works depends on network signal.
• GSM works only sky view.
 APPLICATIONS
• Anti-theft systems
• Crash recorders
• Event recorders
• Dead reckoning
 CONCLUSION
• In a critical situation many vehicles face accident, due to
this lot of person lost their lives. Some people can be
saved at that time, but because of lack of information,
time and place it may not be possible. Using the vehicle
black box concept, the accident happened can be
detected with the help of GPS and GSM systems. The
victim can be admitted in the hospital by the ambulance
section as soon as possible by controlling the traffic
signals. Therefore, the black box concept can provide
road safety hence its creates a safe driving for the driver
and give security for the life and property of the public.
 FUTURE SCOPE
• We can extend this project by adding drowsiness detection
to prevent the road accidents.
• We can extend this project by adding health monitoring to
this project.
• We can extend this project by adding fingerprint sensor to
this project for vehicle accessing.
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QUERIES?
THANK YOU